Download Puberty -sexual and reproductive maturation

Chapter 11
Physical and cognitive development in adolescence
Puberty -sexual and reproductive maturation
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sex hormones
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(growth spurt: 12 for girls; 14 for boys)
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Body proportions : (boys’ shoulders widen; girls’ hips widen)
____________ makeup: girls gain _______, boys gain more _________
Sexual maturation
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_______ (male), _________ (female)
Primary sexual characteristics (______________)
____________ –outside of body (pubic hair, genital growth, breast
development)
Girls – menarche: first menstruation (avg. _____ years)
Boys – semenarche/spermarche (_____________)
____________ – generational change (puberty _____________)
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Timing impacted by
__________________________________________________ exercise,
socioeconomic status
Psychological impact of pubertal events
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Reactions impacted by __________
____________ – hormones may not be cause; impacted by
____________
Parent-child relationships – more strained; _____________________
Early versus late maturation
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Early maturing ______: seen as independent, self-confident, physically
attractive, leaders
_____ maturing boys : not well liked , anxious, attention seeking
Early maturing girls: _________, unpopular, stressed (less positive
body image)
 Late maturing girls: lively, sociable, ________________, leaders
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Health issues
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anorexia nervosa
 90% are ________
 Starvation due to _______________
 ____________________, malnutrition
 Caused by individual, family and cultural forces
 Hospitalization, family therapy
bulimia- binge purge
 Lack ____________
 Feel depressed and guilty ____________________
 Easier to treat
Sexual attitudes and behaviors
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attitudes more liberal
a decreasing portion are having intercourse; earlier ages
 ______ had intercourse by their senior year
 more boys than girls at all ages
 downward trend in frequency of _______ ___________
 # of married teens ___________________
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Characteristics of sexually active adolescents:
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_______ maturation, parental ____________ and divorce, _____
family, _______, poor school performance, lower ________
aspirations
Sexual behaviors (continued)
abstinence-focus has appeared to pay off
 STDs – _______________________
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HIV/AIDS - high risk group
Teenage pregnancy
rates are ____________
 Teenage mothers: less likely to _______, more likely _________,
likely to be on welfare
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Health (continued)
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Substance use and abuse
Decline in smoking, alcohol and substance abuse in past decade
 ___________:
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__________, low income, family mental health problems, parental drug use,
lack of parental involvement, ________________
Cognitive development
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Piaget’s ________________ stage
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ability to solve ___________ problems
ability to imagine _____________ in a situation
Consequences of abstract thought
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Egocentricity
 ______________ – “on stage”
 ________________ – inflated opinion of own importance ; special and unique
Although Susanna desperately wants to learn how to dive, she refuses to practice at
the pool because “everyone will be watching me and laugh because I’m the only one
who can’t do it.” Her thinking reflects
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Idealisim
Personal fable
Cognitive self-regulation
The imaginary audience
Lorna, an anorexic teenager, has lost so much weight that her bones show clearly, her
hair is falling out, and she has stopped menstruating. When she looks in the mirror,
she is likely to think
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“I really like the way I look now.”
I just need to lose 10 more pounds.”
“If only I could put weight back on.”
“Now my parents will be proud of me.”