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Name ________________________________ Period ___________________ Page # ______ Mesopotamia Study Guide Vocabulary Terms to Know Mesopotamia Floodplain Silt Semiarid Drought Surplus Civilization Sumer City-State Ziggurat Polytheism King Bronze Pictograph Stylus Cuneiform Scribe Empire Emperor Fertile Crescent Hammurabi Code of Law Justice Directions: Using all of your resources from class, respond to the following questions. Use Chapter 3 and 4 of the textbook if needed. 1. What were the two rivers surrounding Mesopotamia? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Why was this land called the Fertile Crescent? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Describe how Mesopotamians solve the problem of watering crops? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Besides watering crops, what was another way the system in number 3 was helpful? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 5. What current day country is Mesopotamia located in? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 6. What two inventions did the Mesopotamians create to help move things? Why were these inventions important and how do they impact our lives today? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 7. What is a ziggurat? What was the purpose of a ziggurat? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 8. What is a city-state? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 9. What does the word surplus mean? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 10. How did food surplus cause division of labor? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 11. What was the name of the Mesopotamian's writing system? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Who did the writing? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 13. Name two tools used to create the writing? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 14. Describe the divisions in society (social classes). Draw the pyramid and then label it. ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 15. Who was in charge of a city-state? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 16. Hammurabi was the monarch/king of what city-state? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 17. What was the Code of Hammurabi? Why was it an important landmark for the development of civilizations? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 18. Why did Hammurabi develop the system of taxation? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 19. How might our understanding of the Sumerians be different if they had never developed writing? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 20. Who was Sargon? Why was he important? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 21. The Mesopotamians were polytheistic. What does polytheistic mean? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 22. What is silt and why was it so important to the Mesopotamians? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 23. What were the effects of extra food? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 24. How did the people of Mesopotamia benefit from the geography of the area? ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ 25. Be able to explain the empires of Mesopotamia and major achievements of each. (Empires Chart) EMPIRE Akkadians Babylonians Assyrians NeoBabylonian CAPITAL CITY GREAT LEADER ACCOMPLISHMENTS