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8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Your challenge for this project is to design a “landing module” that can survive a drop from a high elevation and deliver its “payload” safely through as soft a landing as possible. In this case, the payload is its passenger, or “eggstronaut”, and your team will be given specific constraints (described below) for your landing module that you must adhere to. You will drop your landing vehicle from the NCS bird tower, which is a height of approximately 20 feet. You will initially work on your own to design a landing module, and then later assigned to a group of 3-4 students to come up with a final landing module design. GOAL To design and construct and drop a landing module, while demonstrating an understanding the physics concepts related to its motion and forces. RULES AND LIMITS: 1. You are not allowed to use the Internet for this project. This is considered cheating and a violation of the Academic Integrity Policy. 2. You will be given a $100 Dollar “budget” to build your landing vehicle using only the attached materials list – for both individual and group parts of the project 3. You must design and draw a model, and carefully fill out pricing sheet before getting your materials to create your landing module – for both individual and group parts of the project 4. All of your landing module calculations (see below) must be in standard (S.I.) units – for group part of the project only 5. The winner of the “competition” will be the least expensive module that safely delivers its eggstronaut. - for group part of the project only 6. Your eggstronaut must be sealed in a spacesuit (a small Ziploc bag provided free of charge) with nothing in it except for the eggstronaut. 7. You will only use “test pilots” while developing your individual and group landing modules. Only during the final drop will you use your eggstronaut. CONCEPTS OF PHYSICS: Each group will be responsible for understanding the following concepts of physics and how they apply to your landing module, both in theory (calculated before your “drop”) and in reality (from your actual “drop”) where possible. The following concepts must be measured or calculated, using only standard S.I. units, on the worksheet provided. This information will be presented just prior to your drop. Time of drop Mass of Landing Module Weight of Landing Module (on Earth) Weight of Landing Module (on Mars) Mass of the Eggstronaut Weight of the Eggstronaut (on Earth) Weight of the Eggstronaut (on Mars) Average Velocity of Drop Average Acceleration of Drop Force at impact (in Newtons) Kinetic Energy at impact (extra cred.) Potential Energy at start (extra cred.) 1 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project General Procedure Part 1: Individual Assignment – Test Module, Eggstronaut Artwork 1. You will individually create an eggstronaut. Draw a face and flight suit on your eggstronaut using colored markers. You should also name your Eggstronaut. Raw eggstronauts must be place back in the class egg cartons at end of each day. Broken eggstronauts will add $15 to your cost, and you will lose the privilege to create an eggstronaut for the project. 2. Review all of the materials you can for designing your landing module. 3. Draw a model for your landing module on paper. You can draw elevations, cutaways, or aerial views depending on your skill. 4. Label your drawings, name your landing vehicle, and list all of its materials and costs on the provided materials sheet. 5. Get teacher approval of your design and materials, then gather your materials and create your test module. Part 2: Group Assignment – Group Design and Build, Measurements and Calculations, and Drop 1. Conduct a design review of the individual landing modules. Document the strengths and drawbacks of each design. 2. Brainstorm several ideas together, then design a on paper model for your group landing module. You can draw elevations, cutaways, or aerial views depending on your group’s skill. 3. Label your drawings, name your landing vehicle, and list all of its materials and costs on the provided materials sheet. 4. Get teacher approval of your design and materials, then gather your materials and create your test module. 5. Present and then drop your test module on assigned date. PROJECT BENCHMARKS (preliminary list – dates subject to change) BENCHMARK: DESCRIPTION 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 PROJECT LAUNCH DESIGN QUESTIONS DAY INDIVIDUAL DESIGN CONCEPT DUE GATHER MATERIALS, CONSTRUCTION OF INDIVIDUAL TEST MODULES (AT HOME IF NEEDED) GROUP PREFERNCES GROUPS (OF 3) ASSIGNED GROUP DESIGN REVIEW GROUP DESIGN CONCEPT DUE CONSTRUCTION OF FINAL GROUP LANDING MODULE (OUTSIDE OF SCHOOL IF NEEDED) PHYSICS CALCULATIONS COMPLETE LANDING DAY/PRESENTATIONS GROUP MEMBER EVALUATIONS & PROJECT REFLECTIONS DUE 2 DUE ON OR BEFORE DATE Monday Feb. 27 Tuesday Feb. 28 Wednesday March 1 Thursday/Friday March 2-3 Monday March 6 Wednesday March 8 Friday March 10 Friday March 17 Week of March 20 Week of March 20. Due by March 23 Friday March 24 Friday March 24 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Material Prices (Budget $100) Your goal will be to design a successful landing module for the lowest possible cost using only the materials below. The materials may be altered in any way you see fit as long as you do not add materials to them. The winner of the competition will be the lowest cost module that successfully delivers its payload. Material Price Rubber band Paper clip (large) Yarn Duct tape 2 liter bottle (must be provided by your group) Blue painters tape Gallon bag Cardboard Toothpick 8.5in. x 11in. laser paper Straw Small Plastic cup Hot glue stick $2 $1.50 $.50 / inch $12 / 6 inches $45 $5 / 6 inches $25 $ 7.50 / 5x5" piece $.50 $17 $3 $20 $5 “As I hurtled through space, one thought kept crossing my mind - every part of this rocket was supplied by the lowest bidder.” John Glenn’s reflection about climbing into an Atlas rocket on a NASA launch pad in 1962 3 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project 4 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Name: ________________________ BENCHMARK #2: Design Questions In this benchmark you will come-up with as many questions as you can related to your design and the materials available. Question: 1. __________________________________________________________________________________? 2. __________________________________________________________________________________? 3. __________________________________________________________________________________? 4. __________________________________________________________________________________? 5. __________________________________________________________________________________? 6. __________________________________________________________________________________? 7. __________________________________________________________________________________? 8. __________________________________________________________________________________? 9. __________________________________________________________________________________? 10. _________________________________________________________________________________? Additional questions can be listed below. 5 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project 6 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Name: ________________________ BENCHMARK #3: Individual Design Concept In this benchmark you will select your materials and calculate your overall cost, and provide labeled design sketches of your landing module. Additional pages for illustrations can be attached. This is required before you can get materials. Materials used: Qty Item Cost 1. __________________________ ______ _____________ 2. __________________________ ______ _____________ 3. __________________________ ______ _____________ 4. __________________________ ______ _____________ 5. __________________________ ______ _____________ 6. __________________________ ______ _____________ 7. __________________________ ______ _____________ Total Cost: $ _____________ Illustrations: 7 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Teacher Signoff: ______ 8 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Name: ____________________ BENCHMARK #5: Group Preferences In this benchmark you will come up with your preferences for your group. Choosing group members is an important skill in life. You will want a diverse group and not members that you select just because you are friends or think alike. Remember you are not guaranteed the members that will be assigned to your group, but the better reasons why you want to work with individuals may help determine the group assignments. And this may be your last chance to work on a group project with your classmates – is there anyone who you never have worked with? This information will be kept confidential! Group Member Preferences (optional) Reason for strong collaboration 1. _______________________ _______________________________________________ 2. _______________________ _______________________________________________ 3. _______________________ _______________________________________________ 4. _______________________ _______________________________________________ 5. _______________________ _______________________________________________ 6. _______________________ _______________________________________________ On my projects this year, I have already worked with (list names and projects): _____________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________________ Assigned Group: ______________________________ 9 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project 10 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Group Names: ________________________ BENCHMARK #8: Group Design Review In this benchmark you will assess the strengths and drawbacks of each individual landing module. You must come up with at least one strength and drawback for each design! Only one per group is required. Module #1 _____________________ Total Cost: $ _____________ Strengths 1. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________________________ Drawbacks 1. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________________________ Module #2 _____________________ Total Cost: $ _____________ Strengths 1. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________________________ Drawbacks 1. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________________________ 11 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Module #3 _____________________ Total Cost: $ _____________ Strengths 1. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________________________ Drawbacks 1. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________________________ Module #4 _____________________ Total Cost: $ _____________ Strengths 1. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________________________ Drawbacks 1. _________________________________________________________________________________ 2_________________________________________________________________________________ 3. _________________________________________________________________________________ 4. _________________________________________________________________________________ Teacher Signoff: ______ 12 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Name: ________________________ BENCHMARK #8: Group Design Concept In this benchmark you will select your materials and calculate your overall cost, and provide labeled design sketches of your landing module. Additional pages for illustrations can be attached. This is required before your group can get materials. Only one per group is required. Materials used: Qty Item Cost 1. __________________________ ______ _____________ 2. __________________________ ______ _____________ 3. __________________________ ______ _____________ 4. __________________________ ______ _____________ 5. __________________________ ______ _____________ 6. __________________________ ______ _____________ 7. __________________________ ______ _____________ Total Cost: $ _____________ Illustrations: Teacher Signoff: ______ 13 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project 14 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Group Names: _____________________________ BENCHMARK #10: Physics Calculations In this benchmark, will group measure and calculate the following items. Only S.I. Units are allowed. For calculation-based measurements, you must show a formula and all the work, including units at every step. Only one per group is required. Constants: Acceleration of gravity on Earth (9.81 meters per second2) Acceleration of gravity on Mars (3.77 meters per second2) Item Formula/Calculations – if required (must include units) Time of drop (measured with test pilot) Mass of Landing Module Weight of Landing Module (on Earth) Weight of Landing Module (on Mars) Mass of the Eggstronaut Weight of the Eggstronaut (on Earth) Weight of the Eggstronaut (on Mars) Average Velocity of Drop (measured with test pilot) Average Acceleration of Drop (measured with test pilot) Force at impact (on Earth) (in Newtons) Kinetic Energy at impact (extra credit) Potential Energy at start (extra credit) 15 Final Value (must include units) 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project 16 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project Name: ____________________ BENCHMARK #12: Group Member Evaluation and Project Reflection Landing Module Name: _____________________ 1. Our group collaborated productively and worked well together. EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER. 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 Strongly Agree 2. Our group managed our project effectively. EXPLAIN YOUR ANSWER. 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 Strongly Agree 3. List suggestion(s) you have that would have improved the performance of your group. This section will be kept confidential. Scores will be averaged between the entire group. 4. I did MY PART to make the group successful. Explain clearly why or why not. BE SPECIFIC! 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 17 5 Strongly Agree 8th Grade Physics: Landing Module Project 5. Group member 1 __________________ (insert name) did their part to make the group successful. Explain why or why not. BE SPECIFIC! 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 Strongly Agree 6. Group member 2 __________________ (insert name) did their part to make the group successful. Explain why or why not. BE SPECIFIC! 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 5 Strongly Agree 7. Group member 3 __________________ (insert name) did their part to make the group successful. Explain why or why not. BE SPECIFIC! 1 Strongly Disagree 2 3 4 18 5 Strongly Agree