Download Transfusion Reactions

MedTraining: Introduction to the Transfusion Service PART 6
Transfusion Reactions –40 Points
NAME ________________________
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List the two most common transfusion reactions. (1 point)
List the four most dangerous transfusion reactions. (2 points)
List 6 signs and symptoms which may indicate an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. (3 points)
Why are acute hemolytic transfusion reactions dangerous? (1 point)
List the 5 consequences which may occur to the patient due to complement activation in an acute
hemolytic transfusion reaction? (2.5)
6. What is the most common cause of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction? (1 point)
7. List 5 errors which may lead to an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. (5 points)
8. Besides red blood cells, state another blood component which may cause an acute hemolytic
transfusion reaction. (0.5 points)
9. What is the status for working up any suspected transfusion reaction? (0.5 point)
10. List the three checks which MUST be performed when working up a transfusion reaction AND
what may point to an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. (3 points)
11. Why would a urine sample be submitted as part of a transfusion reaction work up? (1 point)
12. Carefully review the results which may be obtained when working up a transfusion reaction and
state the pattern (1, 2, 3 or 4) which matches each of the following. Be prepared to evaluate
these types of results on an exam. If you cannot understand the concept make an appointment
with your professor! (2 points)
Number of the pattern that matches the description
Description
Positive for hemolysis, likely immune mediated.
Negative for hemolysis.
Negative for acute intravascular hemolysis.
Indicative of physical or mechanical hemolysis.
13. Describe the two mechanisms involved in premature destruction of a transfused red cell. (2 points)
14. State the term used to describe extravascular hemolysis. (1 point)
15. What are the symptoms of a patient who may be having transfusion related acute lung injury
(TRALI). (1 point)
16. Describe the proposed immune mechanism which causes TRALI. (2 points)
17. List the 4 signs and symptoms a patient may exhibit due to receiving a bacterially contaminated
unit. (2 points)
18. State the substance produced by bacteria in blood components which cause the reaction AND the
symptoms they cause in the patient. (2 points)
19. State the component which is most frequently implicated in transfusion sepsis AND the reason this
is so. (2 points)
20. If a component is suspected of being bacterially contaminated what must be done with components
from the same donor? (0.5 points)
21. What is the term used for the severe allergic reaction a patient may experience during a
transfusion? (0.5 points)
22. List 5 signs and symptoms a patient may exhibit when experiencing a severe allergic reaction. (2.5
points)
23. Within what time frame during the transfusion will a severe allergic reaction occur? (0.5 points)
24. What is the treatment for this severe allergic reaction? (1.5 points)
25. What might the blood bank recommend to prevent further severe allergic reactions? (0.5 point)
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