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Report Card- Louis XIV Letter Grade Leadership Ability A+ Accomplishments/Strengths A+ Commentary King Louis XIV had great leadership ability, proved during his 72 long years of ruling. After the death of the prime minister, Cardinal Mazarin, he declared that he would himself govern his empire at age 23. Through his reign, he was able to develop trade and manufacturing in his empire and reform his army, which led the French to many military victories. Louis was successful in expanding France’s northern and eastern borders by recapturing all lands that were ever under French rule, and was praised by many in his court. King Louis was a believer in dictatorship by divine right, and he viewed himself as God’s representative on earth. His astonishing leadership abilities led him to be viewed as the Sun King, after Apollo, sun god of peace and arts, by his people. In the first twenty years of King Louis’ personal reign, he carried out administrative and financial reorganization of the kingdom, which helped with the development of trade and manufacturing. With the help of the French Secretary of State for war, Marquis de Loivois, he increased the French Army to about 400,000 soldiers, who fought for France in four wars to come. With the help of his ministers Jean-Baptiste Colbert and Marquis de Loivois, Louis weakened the power of nobles by excluding them from his councils and making them dependent on the crown. Under Colbert, commerce, industry, and overseas colonies were developed by tight control of high protective tariffs. Being in charge of finances, Colbert made a noticeable reduce in the annual treasury deficit by efficient taxation, although sometimes the nobility and clergy experienced heavier weight with the taxes. Louis also had accomplishments with his success in the architecture of his buildings. In 1669, he expanded the famous Palace of Versailles, and in 1682, this was where he decided to move his home Areas of Concern A+ Global Implications A permanently .Through this action, Louis established elaborate court etiquette in this ‘Chateau de Versailles’ that awed the nobility and aristocracy of Europe, just like he had planned. Louis XIV had interest and concern in the spreading of art and culture through music, architecture, painting, sculpture, and sciences. Because Louis took great action in the encouragement of writing and arts, his reign is often referred to as “The Century of Louis XIV”. Louis XIV followed the design for an academy suggested by Charles Perrault, a member of Colbert’s advisory group, and in 1665 he created a General Academy composed of scientists, historians, and philosophers. This academy made its way into the Royal Academy of Sciences. The scholars were encouraged in the process of learning and made many educational advances, especially in the fields of science, mathematics, and navigation, such as the precise method for determination of longitude and the accurate mapping of the world to help mariners plot directions. The services performed by this academy made France a great maritime power, which also helped to maintain Louis XIV’s personal reign. Louis launched the War of Devolution from 1667-68 against the Spanish Netherlands, which allowed him to gain a few towns in Flanders. Again, Louis turned against the United Provinces of the Netherlands in the Third Dutch War of 1672-78 with intention to break Dutch trade, and by the Peace of Nijmegen treaty of 1678, Louis gained more territory in Flanders and the Spanish French Comte lands were added to French eastern territory. At the height of his success, King Louis set up ‘courts of reunion’ to provide legal pretexts for the annexation of towns along the French/German border. In 1681, he seized the Alsatian cities Strasbourg and Casale in northern Italy. [Apworldstudent]