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The Constitution - Unit 1 Notes How did we get the Constitution? Founding fathers got together at the _________________ _____________________ to revise the Articles of Confederation, but created a new ________ of the ______________ – the Constitution! The men present at the Convention are often called the “______________” of the Constitution The Constitutional Convention The Convention was all about ___________________ because they were several disagreements between factions They had to resolve those disagreements in order for the ____________________ of the Constitution to take place Ratification Formal _________________ of the Constitution In order for ratification to occur, several compromises had to be made to get at least____ of the 13 __________ to approve the Constitution Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists The Federalists Want a strong _______________ government _____________ ratification of the Constitution The Anti-Federalists Want strong ________________ governments Did not _________________ ratification of the Constitution until it protected _________________ and states’ __________________ COMPROMISE = ___________________________________________! The Bill of Rights protects our _____________________ rights and __________________ rights. Large states vs. Small states Large States want _________________________ in Congress to be based on _____________________, which would mean that they would have more ________________ in Congress Small States Wanted representation in Congress to be ______________ for each _______________ so that large states would not have more ____________________ than them COMPROMISE = ____________________________ The Great Compromise created our _________________ legislature. We have _________ ______________ in Congress. The number of representatives in the __________________________________________ is based on population. The ________________ has equal representation for each state. North vs. South North Did not want _____________ to count towards _______________ for representation because it would give the South more __________________ South Wanted ________________ to count towards their population for ___________________ purposes because it would give them more power in Congress COMPROMISE = _____________________________ For every 5 slaves, 3 count towards the population count for representation in Congress. The end result of all those compromises was the ______________________________! Why is the Constitution a “living document”? Because it can be _____________________ when needed through the ___________________ ________________ Principles of the Constitution Rule of Law ___________________ must follow the laws, even the government. The Constitution sets ___________ to governmental power and establishes how ______________ who overstep their _______________ can be ___________________ Popular Sovereignty The government gets power from the ______________________ The people __________ to elect their leaders to ______________________ them, therefore the government follows the ___________ of the people Separation of Powers Powers and responsibilities are _________________ among __________ branches to prevent one person or group from having too much power The Constitution creates the _______________, ________________ and _________________ Branches Checks and Balances A system of checks and balances allows each branch to _______________ and check the power of the others to prevent ___________ of ________________ Federalism Power is divided between the ______________ government (national government) and the individual _________ and ________ governments Judicial Review (Independent Judiciary) The Judicial Branch is ______________________ and free from pressures and influence by the other two branches The Supreme Court is the ______________ ____________________ for interpreting the Constitution The Supreme Court can declare a law _____________________________ Individual Rights Personal _______________ and basic ____________ are protected so that the government cannot take them away What kind of government does the Constitution create? A _________________ __________________________ o The people elect leaders to represent their ___________________ The Federal System The Constitution _______________ ________________ between the national government and state governments Important elements of the Constitution Enumerated vs. Implied Powers Article ____Section ____of the Constitution lays out the powers of ___________________. Some of those _______________________ are enumerated and some of them are implied. Enumerated Powers Powers that are _______________________ _____________________ in the Constitution Examples: power to collect ___________, coin money and _______________ _____________ Implied Powers Powers that _______________ can _________________ as part of its lawmaking responsibility Necessary and Proper Clause In Section 8 of Article 1, the Constitution says that Congress can “____________ all _______________ which shall be necessary and proper” for carrying out its __________________ This is also sometimes called the _____________ ________________, because it means that Congress’ powers can be _____________________ to cover a variety of issues or circumstances Supremacy Clause Says that the Constitution is the “________________________________________________________________” This mean that federal law ______________________ all state and local laws