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Table 1 Treatment Focus, Study Participants, and Comments About 86 Studies of Short-Term and Long-Term Psychodynamic Psychotherapy, 1/1960-5/31/08 Author(s) Treatment focus Abbass (2002) Mixed Antikainen et al. (1995) Borderline personality disorder Bachar et al. (1999) Anorexia and bulimia Baldoni et al. (1995) Urethral syndrome Barber et al. (1997) Barkham et al. (1996) Obsessive-compulsive and avoidant personality disorders Depression Barnat (1981) Refractory headache Bassett & Pilowsky (1985) Chronic pain Total # of Study Participants Male/Female __89__ 44/45 __42__ 25/17 __33__ 0/33 __36__ 0/36 __38__ 19/19 __36__ 12/24 __79__ 19/60 __22__ 5/17 Comments No comparison group; STPDP study No comparison group; three-year inpatient follow-up; 3-week inpatient minimum; depending on length of stay, STPDP or LTPDP possible No male participants; LTPDP study No male participants; STPDP study No comparison group; 12 of 38 dropped out, gender of actual treated participants not specified; LTPDP study Approximately 3 males assigned to each of four treatment groups; STPDP study No comparison group; author performed all treatment; STPDP study No males assigned to STPDP group; STPDP vs. cognitive therapy Bassler et al. (1994) Psychogenic pain patients Bateman & Fonagy (1999) Borderline personality disorder Borderline personality disorder Bateman & Fonagy (2001) Bateman & Fonagy (2008) Borderline personality disorder Beresnavaite (2000) Alexithymia/coronary heart disease Depressive, anxiety, and personality disorders Depressive, anxiety, and personality disorders Post-traumatic stress disorder Borderline personality disorder Borderline personality disorder Bond & Perry (2004) Bond & Perry (2006) Brom et al. (1989) Clarkin et al. (2001) Clarkin et al. (2007) Cooper et al. (2003) Post-partum depression __50 _ 21/29 __38__ 16/22 __38__ 16/22 plus 6 program changers/ dropouts included, sex of additional participants not specified __38__ 16/22 plus 3 other patients from earlier data, sex not specified __37__ 35/2 __43__ 10/33 __53__ 12/41 _ 112 _ 24/88 17 _ 0/17 90 _ 7/83 193 _ 0/193 No comparison group; STPDP study 6 males assigned to psychoanalytic treatment group, 10 to control group; LTPDP study Same as Bateman/Fonagy, 1999 (above) Same as Bateman/Fonagy, 1999 (above) Group treatment vs. education; STPDP study No comparison group; LTPDP study No control group; naturalistic study; LTPDP vs. LTPDP with medication Approximately 6 males per treatment group (4 treatments); STPDP study No male participants; LTPDP study 7 males divided up between 3 treatment groups; supportive vs. transference focused treatment; LTPDP study No male participants; STPDP study Creed et al. (2003) Crits-Cristoph et al. (1999) Severe irritable bowel syndrome Cocaine addicts Crits-Cristoph et al. (2001) Cocaine dependency Dare et al. (2001) Anorexia nervosa Deter et al. (2007) Crohn’s disease Diguer et al. (1993) Elkins et al. (1989) Major depression and personality disorders Depression Fairburn et al. (1986) Bulimia nervosa Gallagher-Thompson et al. (1990) ___________________________ Gallagher-Thompson & Steffen (1994) Garner et al. (1993) Depression _______________________ Depression Gowers et al. (1994) Anorexia nervosa Grande et al. (2006) Heterogeneous Gregory et al. (2008) Borderline personality disorder/alcohol use disorder Bulimia nervosa 257 _ 52/205 487 _ 374/113 487 _ 375/112 84 _ 2/82 69 _ 30/39 25 _ 7/18 239 71/168 24 _ 0/24 91 _____ Sex not specified_____ 66 _ 5/61 60 _ 0/60 40 _ 0/40 59 _ 20/39 30 _ 6/24 16 to 19 males in each treatment group (3 groups total); STPDP study 4 treatment groups, 1 being STPDP 4 treatment groups, 1 being STPDP Only 2 males; 4 treatment groups, 1 being LTPDP STPDP versus control group No comparison group, STPDP study Short-term interpersonal therapy (STPDP) vs. cognitive, imipramine, and placebo conditions No male participants; STPDP study Follow-up to Thompson et al. (1987) ____________________________________ 5 males split between 2 treatment groups, 1 being STPDP No male participants; STPDP study No male participants; STPDP study No non-psychoanalytic comparison group; STPDP vs. LTPDP, 10 males in each group 2 treatment groups; only 2 males assigned to psychoanalytic treatment group; LTPDP study Guthrie et al. (1991) Irritable bowel syndrome Guthrie et al. (1993) Irritable bowel syndrome Hamilton et al. (2000) Chronic dysfunctional dyspepsia Depression/personality disorders 102 _ 25/77 96 _ 22/74 73 _ 29/44 114 _ 54/60 Hellerstein et al. (1998) Personality disorders (Cluster C) 49 _ 22/27 Hersen et al. (1984) Unipolar depression ___________________________ Hinson et al. (2006) Hogeland et al. (1993) _______________________ Psychogenic movement disorder Mixed Hogeland et al. (2006) Mixed Hogeland et al. (2008) Mixed Jantschek et al. (1998) Crohn’s disease Junkert-Tress et al. (2001) Neurotic, somatoform, and personality disorders Personality disorders 120 0/120 _________________________ 9_ 2/7 45 _ 14/31 100 _ 44/56 100 _ 44/56 84 _ 33/51 75 _ 20/55 97 _ 28/69 Hardy et al. (1995) Karterud et al. (1992) 8 males assigned to STPDP group, 17 males to control group 7 men in STPDP group, 15 in control group STPDP vs. control group; males evenly split between groups STPDP study; men assigned to 4 treatment groups; 8 or 16 session cognitive-behavioral or psychodynamic-interpersonal therapy “No untreated or placebo-treated control group”; STPDP vs. supportive therapy; only 8 men in STPDP group No male participants; STPDP compared against social skills and medication ____________________________________ No comparison group; only 2 men; STPDP study No comparison group; no random assignment; STPDP study No non-analytic comparison group; LTPDP study No non-analytic comparison group; LTPDP study; follow-up to 2006 study STPDP vs. drug treatment No comparison group, naturalistic study of STPDP No comparison group; LTPDP study Keller et al. (2004) Crohn’s disease Knekt et al. (2007) Mood and anxiety disorders Knekt et al. (2008) Mood and anxiety disorders Korner et al. (2006) Borderline personality disorder Heterogeneous Leichsenring et al. (2005) Levy et al. (2006) Liberman & Eckman (1981) Borderline personality disorder Repeated suicide attempters Linnet & Jemec (2001) Atopic dermatitis Luborsky et al. (2001) Heterogeneous Milrod et al. (2007) Panic disorder Monsen et al. (1995a) Personality disorders/ psychoses Personality disorders/ psychoses Pain disorders Monsen et al. (1995b) Monsen & Monsen (2000) 81 _ 31/50 326 _ 78/248 326 _ 78/248 60 _ 27/33 36 _ 11/25 90 _ 6/84 24 _ 8/16 32 _ 9/23 17 _ 8/9 49 _ 15/34 25 _ 6/19 25 _ 6/19 40 _ 5/35 STPDP vs. drug treatment 3 treatment groups, 1 LTPDP and 1 STPDP; approximately 26 men per group Same as for Knekt et al., 2007 (above) LTPDP study; 12 males in psychoanalytic treatment group No comparison group; meta-analytic control condition data used for comparison; LTPDP study 6 male participants split among 3 treatment groups; LTPDP study 5 males in insight-oriented treatment group, 3 in behavior therapy group; STPDP study STPDP versus no-treatment group; 9 males split between 2 groups Non-comparatively gathered data set; “no exact way to compare” (p. 227); LTPDP study Only 4 men in psychoanalytic treatment group; “Randomization failed to balance gender” (p. 269); STPDP vs. relaxation training No comparison group; LTPDP study No comparison group; LTPDP study 5 males split between STPDP group and control group Munroe-Blum & Marziali (1995) Borderline personality disorder Nielsen et al. (1988) Physical symptoms (nonorganic) Heterogeneous Piper et al. (1984) Poulsen (1991) Rheumatoid arthritis/ Sjogren’s syndrome Rosser et al. (1983) Chronic bronchitis and emphysema Sandahl et al. (1998) Alcohol dependency Sandell et al. (2000) Heterogeneous Shapiro et al. (1994) Depression Shapiro et al. (1995) ___________________________ Shea et al. (1992) Depression _______________________ Depression Sifneos (1973) Psychosomatic disorders 110 _ 21/89 yet final analyses based on N=66, sex not specified 10 _ 3/7 106 _ 40/66 yet final analyses based on N=79, sex not specified 46 _ 0/46 65 _ 43/22 49 _ 22/27 418 _ sex not specified 117 _ 56/61 104 __________46/58__________ 162 _ sex not specified 50 _ sex not specified Number of males in LTPDP treatment condition and interpersonal group treatment condition unclear No comparison group; STPDP study Number of males in each treatment group unclear; 2 LTPDP and 2 STPDP groups compared (individual vs. group); no nonanalytic comparison made STPDP study; modified group analytic psychotherapy versus control group; no pretreatment measurements Two psychoanalysts provided both analytic treatments across two different research conditions; STPDP study Approximately 8 men completed treatment in STPDP group and 8 in cognitive group LTPDP study Manualized STPDP versus cognitivebehavioral therapy; 56 males randomly assigned across 4 treatment groups Follow-up to Shapiro et al. (1994) ____________________________________ Follow-up study to Elkins et al. (1989) Survey study about alexithymia Sjodin (1983) Ulcer disease Stevenson & Meares (1992) Svartberg et al. (2004) Borderline personality disorders Personality disorders Svedlund et al. (1983) Irritable bowel syndrome Thompson et al. (1987) Depression Tschuschke et al. (2007) Somatoform disorders Tucker et al. (1987) Ventegodt et al. (2007) Borderline personality disorder Chronic pain Vinnars et al. (2005) Personality disorders Wilberg et al. (1998) Borderline personality disorder Wilczek et al. (2003) Heterogeneous Winston et al. (1994) Personality disorders Woody et al. (1983) Opiate addicts 103 _ 63/40 30 _ 11/19 50 _ 25/25 101 _ 31/70 85 _ 31/54 50 _ 19/31 40 _ 6/34 31 _ sex not specified 156 _ 47/109 43 _ 10/33 55 _ 11/44 but only 36 at follow-up, sex not specified 81 _ 33/48 110 _ 110/0 STPDP study No comparison group; LTPDP study 11 males in STPDP group, 14 males in cognitive therapy group STPDP versus control group 8 males in STPDP condition versus behavioral, cognitive, and delayed treatments No comparison group; STPDP study No comparison group; long-term inpatient program No comparison group; STPDP study 2 STPDP groups compared; no non-analytic comparison group Only 1 man in day hospital plus outpatient therapy condition (versus day hospital only condition); LTPDP study LTPDP versus non-treatment patients; “non therapy group did not constitute a formal, randomly assigned control group” (p. 1179) STPDP versus wait list control STPDP study Woody et al. (1985) Sociopathy/opiate addicts 62 _ STPDP study 62/0 Woody et al. (1990) Methadone maintenance 100 _ STPDP study; correction to Woody et al., 1983 opiate addicts 100/0 (above) Woody et al. (1995) Methadone maintained 84 _ STPDP versus drug counseling patients 50/34 Note. STPDP=short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy; LTPDP= long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy.