Download Nervous System Review Sheet

Nervous System Review Sheet
Name __________________________Date______Per___
1.
List three functions of the nervous system and give a specific example of each.
2.
Refer to the diagram below to answer these questions:
a) Identify the parts labeled a and b and describe their functio
b) What is c?
c) How would a signal travel through this neuron differently if c were not present?
d) What is d? Explain what happens when an action potential reaches d.
e) Label astrocytes, oligodendrocytes and microglia on the second picture.
3.
Explain what happens through an action potential using the graph as a guide.
4.
What organs are included in the central nervous system (CNS)?
5.
List the major structures in a reflex arc in the order through which a nerve impulse would travel (Start with the stimulus.)
6.
Fill in the chart below to summarize the organization of the peripheral nervous system (PNS):
Peripheral nervous system
_________________ Division
_________________ Division
(carries signals toward the CNS)
(carries signals away from the
CNS)
__________________
__________________
environment
environment
____________________
nervous system
(involuntary)
____________________
division
(prepares body for stress)
____________________
nervous system
(voluntary)
____________________
division
(calms body)
7.
In a resting neuron, would the concentration of potassium ions be higher inside or outside the cell?
8.
In a resting neuron, would the concentration of sodium ions be higher inside or outside the cell?
9.
In a resting neuron, the plasma membrane separates ions on the inside of the cell from those on the outside. There is a net
_____________________ charge on the inside of the membrane. This creates a voltage across the membrane of
_________mV that is called the ________________ _______________.
10. Sodium and potassium ions inside and outside a neuron don’t reach equilibrium because the cells expend energy to pump
these ions from areas of low concentration to regions of high concentration. This is an example of _________________
__________________________.
11. When a neuron is stimulated, the membrane becomes more permeable to __________________ions. The diffusion of these
ions into the cell causes _____________________, a decrease in the charge difference across the membrane.
12. When a stimulus is strong enough that the membrane depolarizes to the threshold, gates open on many channels, allowing
________________ ions to rush into the cell. This sudden depolarization is called an ____________________
___________________.
13. Explain what is meant when biologists say the action potential is “all or none”.
14. How is the nerve signal transmitted across the synaptic cleft?
15. Give examples of neurological disorders and which chemicals/drugs could be used to treat them.
16. Label the parts of the brain.
17. Label the spinal cord cross section.
18. How are reflexes and reactions different?
19. Describe a spinal reflex arc using the following terms: sensory neuron, motor neuron, interneuron, dorsal root, grey matter,
ventral root.
20. You are alone in your home late in the evening, and you hear an unfamiliar sound in your backyard. In the space provided, list
four physiologic events promoted by the sympathetic nervous system that would help you to cope with this rather frightening
situation.
21. Describe four physiologic events that the parasympathetic nervous system will provide to help you come back down from
your scare.