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SNC1D: U3-L14 Date: Physics Unit Review Chapter 11: Static charges accumulate on surfaces and remain there until given a path to escape Lesson: 1 - 5 Key Concepts Summary • Static electric charges • Objects that gain electrons become negatively charged. Objects that lose • Law of attraction and electrons become positively charged. law of repulsion • Objects with like charges repel each other. Objects with unlike charges • Conductors and attract each other. insulators • When an object is charged by contact, it takes the same charge as the • Charging by friction charging object. • Charging by contact • When an object is charged by induction, it takes the opposite charge to the and induction charging object. • Using and reducing • Charged objects attract neutral objects through the process of induction. static charges • The principles of electrostatics are used in applications such as photocopying, spray painting, and filtering air. Key Terms • charging by contact • electrical discharge • grounding • lightning rod • conduction • electron • induction • neutron • conductivity • electron affinity • insulator • nucleus • conductor • electroscope • law of attraction • proton • coulomb (C) • electrostatics • law of repulsion • static charge • electric charge • friction • static electricity Chapter 13: Current electricity is the continuous flow of electrons in a closed circuit. Lesson: 6 - 11 Key Concepts Summary • Current electricity • Electrical circuits provide a complete path for electrons to flow. • Electrical circuits • Current electricity is the flow of electrons through a conductor in a circuit. • Potential difference • Potential difference or voltage (V ) is the difference in electric potential • Electric current energy between two points in a circuit. • Direct current • Electric current (I ) is a measure of the amount of electric charge that passes • Alternating current by a point in an electric circuit each second. • Resistance • In direct current, electrons flow in one direction. In alternating current, • Series circuits and electrons flow back and forth at regular intervals called cycles. parallel circuits • Resistance (R) is the degree to which a substance opposes the flow of electric • Electrical safety current through it. • Series circuits provide one path for electrons to flow. Parallel circuits provide more than one path for electrons to flow. • Ohm’s law states that as long as temperature stays the same, V = IR Key Terms • alternating current • dry cell • ohmmeter • resistor (AC) • electrical circuit • Ohm’s law • series circuit • ammeter • electrical load • parallel circuit • short circuit • ampere (A) • electric current (l ) • potential difference • switch • battery • fuse • potential energy • volt (V) • circuit breaker • ground fault circuit • resistance (R) • voltage (V ) • circuit diagram interrupter • voltmeter • current electricity • ohm (Ω) • direct current (DC) Chapter 12: We can reduce our electrical energy consumption and use renewable energy resources. Lesson: 12 - 13 Key Concepts Summary • Generating electricity • Non-renewable sources used for generating electricity include fossil fuels • Renewable and nonand nuclear energy. renewable • Renewable sources used for generating electricity include water, sunlight, sources of energy wind, tides, and geothermal energy. • Advantages and • There are both costs and benefits from producing electricity from renewable disadvantages of and non-renewable sources. energy sources • Electrical savings can be achieved through the design of technological • Percent efficiency = devices and practices in the home. (Eout / Ein) x 100% Key Terms • biomass • fossil fuels • non-renewable energy • thermoelectric • efficiency • generators sources generating plant • EnerGuide • geothermal energy, • renewable energy • thermonuclear • energy grid • hydroelectricity sources • turbine • Energy Star • kilowatt-hour (kW•h) Questions: Summaries in text on pages 496, 540, 578. More Questions in text pages: 498 #2-7, 15-19, 23. Chap11 self quiz answers in the back of the book Page 580 # 1 – 9 Chapter 13 self quiz, answers are in the back of the book Page 542 # 4 – 6, 10 – 12 Chapter 12 self quiz, answers are in the back of the book