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CHAPTER 13
Physical Development in Adolescence
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1.
List the five chief physical components of puberty. Explain their manifestations in males
and females.
2.
Explain the HPG feedback loop that triggers puberty. Show how environmental factors can
affect the timing of puberty.
3.
Identify the possible psychological and social consequences for adolescents who enter
puberty much earlier or much later than their friends.
4.
Describe puberty’s effects on an adolescent’s emotions, sleep patterns, and social behavior.
5.
List the stages of sexual activity.
6.
Define sexual orientation, sex-role behavior, and gender identity.
7.
Explain why so few sexually active adolescents use any form of contraception.
8.
List the most common sexually transmitted diseases among adolescents. Identify and rate
the effectiveness of the methods used by adolescents to protect themselves from these risks.
9.
Describe the consequences of teenage pregnancy for the mother and child.
10. Define disordered eating behavior and identify the eating disorder that affects the greatest
number of American adolescents.
11. Describe the major physiological changes in the brain during adolescence.
12. Explain how changes in the brain cause adolescents to be more susceptible to peer pressure
and more likely to engage in risky behavior.
13. List the substances most widely abused by adolescents. Describe how widespread substance
abuse is among adolescents.
14. Explain how the use of drugs during early adolescence can permanently affect the brain.
15. Identify and explain the four risk factors for substance abuse.
16. List the psychological, social, and physical health problems that may result from substance
abuse.
17. List the three factors targeted by drug abuse prevention programs. Describe the most
successful approach to reducing substance use by adolescents, and explain why it works.