Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Name ____________________________________________ Period _______ Date ____________ Cold War: Korean and Vietnam Wars Korean War American involvement in the ________________ _________ in the early 1950s reflected the American policy of ___________________ of _____________________ • Containment “American policy of ________________ the_____________________ of communism around the world” War lasted 1950-1953 Background Japan had _______________ the Korean peninsula before WWI; Japanese defeated in WWII 1945 Allies agreed on a __________________ solution = temporary division of Korea at the 38th ___________________ o _____________-occupied _______________________ zone o ____________________-occupied _______________________ zone Soon a _______-_________________ government formed in ____________Korea and a ________________________ regime was established in _________________ Korea. War breaks out in Korea Koreans on ______________ sides of the dividing line wanted to ____________ their nation _____________ 1950: the Korean War broke out when ___________ _______________ troops _________________South Korea over the 38th parallel border they were determined to reunite Korea ______ _______________ U.S. response 1) Pres. __________________ brought the issue of North Korean aggression to the ______________ _________________ 2) Truman ordered American __________ and _________________ support + ________________ troops to aid the South Koreans. 3) Truman did _______ go to _________________________ for an official declaration of war (as required by the ___________________________) - Article 1, Section 8: Congress maintains the power to _________________ ________ UN Police Action The U.S. chose Gen. Douglas __________________ to be the _______________________ of the UN forces Americans made up roughly 80% of ______________ ___________________ in Korea • Police action: a ______________________ military action without declaration of war Waging the War American military forces led a United Nations ___________________________ that drove deep into ___________ _______________ itself. Communist ________________________ forces came into the war on the side of North Korea to ____________ ______________ UN forces _______________________ developed between the two sides ____________________ signed in 1953 left Korea ___________________ at almost the exact same place as before the war near the 38th ___________________ Effects of Korean War 1) Enormous _______________________ in United States 54,000 dead, 103,000 wounded for ______________________ results 2) ________________________ of Communist forces, containment ________________ nuclear war 3) ______________________ of ______________ in armed forces 4) Huge ________________________ in _______________________ _______________________ 5) Development of powerful _______________________-__________________________ complex 6) Permanent __________________________________ of troops Vietnam War American involvement in the __________________ _________ also reflected the Cold War policy of ____________________________ of communism Background “__________________ theory”: refers to the fear that if one ______________________ ________________ nation fell to the Communists, the others would also fall Because of its _____________________ location, a Communist ______________________ of Vietnam posed a __________________ to Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar, and Thailand Increasing U.S. Involvement Beginning in the 1950s and continuing into the early 1960s, the _____________________________ government of ____________________ Vietnam attempted to install a communist government in ___________________ Vietnam ____ ______________ The _____________ ______________________ helped South Vietnam ___________________ The American military ______________________ in Vietnam began under Pres. _____________________________ and Pres. John F. _________________________ After Kennedy’s ________________________________ in 1963, the military buildup was ______________________________ under Pres. Lyndon __________________________ Gulf of Tonkin August 1964: Johnson announced that North Vietnamese _________________________ had attacked U.S. destroyers in the _____________ ______ ____________________ (___________________________ waters) Johnson asked ______________________ for authority to take ____________________ against North Vietnam Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin _________________________ Fighting the War Nearly 3 _________________America ns served in the Vietnam War Battlefield conditions were _________________: • Viet Cong (Communist guerillas in South Korea) were familiar with _______________ • South Vietnamese seemed _______________ • Couldn’t Ground War Viet Cong lacked sophisticated equipment, so they used ____________________war fare tactics • Worked in small groups to launch ___________ attacks • Hid in elaborate underground ______________ • Set ____________ traps like camouflaged Air War __________________ bo huge B-52 American bom dropped thousands of ton ____________________ areas Chemical weapons: • _______________ destructive _______________ and burned uncont when dropped from including on huma _______________ ____________ ________ _______________any one • Intense ________, jungle climate __________ and ________ ______________ __________________ leaves and undergrowth Viet Cong hiding places; ______________ and ca _______________ probl Despite the ______________ United States presence in South Vietnam (536,000 by end of 1968), Communist forces _________________________ their efforts Tet Offensive • Major offensive launched by ______ ________________ and _____________________ Vietnamese on January 30, 1968 • Communists were extremely _____________________, killing anyone they labeled an enemy • Viet Cong won _______________________________ victory Massacre at My Lai March 1968: U.S. infantry company entered ______ _____________ (small village that was supposedly sheltering Viet Cong) U.S. soldiers found only __________________, _______________________, and _______ ___________ in the village the U.S. soldiers massacred these civilians More than 400 INNOCENT Vietnamese died until a U.S. _________________________ crew stepped in to halt the slaughter Political Divisions The country became ________________ _______________________ over the Vietnam War. Some Americans _______________________________ the American military and the war effort, hoped for military victory Other Americans believed the war was ___________________ _________________, urged immediate withdrawal Student Activism Active opposition to the war occurred especially on _______________________ campuses Students were among the first to speak out against the Vietnam War: • “__________________________” • ___________ ________________________ • _____________________________ Nixon and “Vietnamization” After Johnson declined to seek re-election, President __________________________ was elected on his pledge to bring the war to an _________________________ _________. He instituted the policy of “_____________________________” ___________________________ American troops and replacing them with South Vietnamese soldiers, while maintaining military aid to the South Vietnamese End of the War January 1973: U.S., South Vietnam, North Vietnam, and Viet Cong signed _______________ ________________ ______________________ Nixon ____________________ out of office by the ________________________ scandal (1972-1974) • Break-in at Democratic National Convention headquarters • Nixon part of illegal cover-up • Nixon impeached, then resigned Ultimately “Vietnamization” ________________________ when South Vietnamese troops were ___________________________ to resist_________________________ by the Sovietsupplied North Vietnamese Army April 30, 1975 North Vietnam completed its ____________________________ of South Vietnam North and South Vietnam _________________________ under communist control Impact of Vietnam War More than 58,000 Americans dead 300,000 Americans wounded More than 2,500 MIA (_______________ _____ ___________________) and POWs (________________________ ________ ______________________) _______________________ and _________________successful war in American history United States spent at least $150 billion on the Vietnam War ________________________ bombs dropped on Vietnam than on all the Axis powers in WWII __________________________ the nation more than any other war besides the Civil War