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Transcript 
THE CHROMOSOME
MS. VITALE
AP BIOLOGY
WALTER SUTTON vs. GREGOR MENDEL
1866- MENDEL’S FACTORS
1903- SUTTON’S CHROMOSOME THEORY
OF INHERITANCE
FACTORS
CHROMOSOMES
Occur in pairs
Occur in pairs
Segregate in gamete production
Segregate during meiosis
Pairs sort independently
Pairs sort independently
Thomas Hunt Morgan
Fruit flies are ideal for genetics
 Breed rapidly
 Prolific
 Small
 Intricately and precisely built
 4 pairs of chromosomes
Sex chromosomes
Hemizygous
Sex linked genes
LINKED GENES
red eye = pr+
purple eye = pr
normal wing = vg+
vestigial wing = vg
He began with pr+pr+vg+vg+ x prprvgvg = pr+prvg+vg
He crossed the pr+prvg+vg with prprvgvg
45%
5%
5%
45%
CONCLUSION
 Alleles don’t assort independently
 The pr+vg+ stayed together and the prvg stayed together
 He thought they stayed together because they were on the same chromosome
 Genes assort independently when they are on separate chromosomes
GENETIC LINKAGE
Alfred Sturtevant
Map unit
Sex linked disorders

Duchenne Muscular dystrophy

Colorblindness

Hemophilia
Chromosomal mutations
Nondisjunction
aneuploidy
polyploidy
Chromosomal disorders
 Down syndrome

Klinefelter syndrome

Turner’s syndrome

Cri-du-chat

CML – chronic myelogenous leukemia
Imprinting
GENOMIC IMPRINTING
EXTRANUCLEAR GENES
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