Download historia-U.S.A-sciaga - kultura i historia USA

historia-U.S.A-sciaga.doc
(64 KB) Pobierz
A
16th Amendment authorized Congress to levy an income tax.
1913 - 17th Amendment gave the power to elect senators to the people. Senators had previously been appointed by the
legislatures of their states.
1919 - 18th Amendment prohibited the manufacture and sale of alcoholic beverages.
assembly line is a manufacturing process in which parts (usually interchangeable parts) are added to a product in a
sequential manner using optimally planned logistics to create a finished product much faster than with handcrafting-type
methods. The assembly line developed by Ford Motor Company,
Al Capone was an American gangster who led a crime syndicate dedicated to smuggling and bootlegging of liquor and
other illegal activities during the Prohibition Era of the 1920s and 1930s.
Alphabet agencies- AAA, NRA, TVA, CCC, SEC
AAA - Agricultural Adjustment Act
NRA - National Recovery Administration, 1933
TVA - Tennessee Valley Authority, 1933
CCC - Civilian Conservation Corps, 1933
CCC - Commodity Credit Corporation, 1933
SEC - Securities and Exchange Commission, 1934
atlantic charter- was negotiated at the Atlantic Conference (codenamed Riviera) by British Prime Minister Winston
Churchill and U.S. President Franklin D. Roosevelt, aboard warships in a secure anchorage in Ship Harbour,
Newfoundland, and was issued as a joint declaration on 14 August 1941.
alger hiss- was an American lawyer, civil servant, businessman, author and lecturer. He was involved in the
establishment of the United Nations both as a U.S. State Department and UN official. Hiss was accused of being a
Soviet spy in 1948.
B
beats- is a term used to describe a group of American writers who came to prominence in the 1950s, and the cultural
phenomena that they wrote about and inspired (later sometimes called "beatniks"). Central elements of "Beat" culture
include a rejection of mainstream American values, experimentation with drugs and alternate forms of sexuality, and an
interest in Eastern spirituality.
Black Panther Party African-American org. established to promote Black Power and self-defense. Active in US 1960s1970s.TBPP achieved national and international presence through their deep involvement in the local community.
TBPMovement was one of the most significant social, political and cultural movements in U.S. history.
Blue Eagle, a blue-colored representation of the American "thunderbird," with outspread wings, was a symbol used in
the United States by companies to show compliance with the National Industrial Recovery Act.
Banking act of the United States Congress spearheaded by President Franklin D. Roosevelt during the Great
Depression. It was passed on March 9, 1933. The act allowed a plan that would close down insolvent banks and
reorganize and reopen those banks strong enough to survivewagner act.
brown vs. board of education 1954- Court case-; Kansas; Am. Family sued the Board of Education They wanted for
daughter to go to good school, but school was only for white children (exclusive); Board of Education refused; Supreme
Court’s decision: daughter was allowed to go to school for white children... It was connected with Jim Crow Laws
(Blacks are equal but should be separated from Whites)
battle khe sahn- was conducted in northwestern Quang Tri Province . April 1968 during the Vietnam War. The
combatants were elements of the United States III Marine Amphibious Force (III MAF), elements of the South
Vietnamese Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) and two to three division-size elements of the People's Army of
Vietnam (PAVN). The American command in South Vietnam gave the defense of the base the nickname Operation
Scotland
bay of pigs invasion- (known as La Batalla de Girón, or Playa Girón in Cuba), was an unsuccessful attempt by a
CIA-trained force of Cuban exiles to invade southern Cuba with support from US government armed forces, to
overthrow the Cuban government of Fidel Castro.The plan was launched in April 1961
C
César Chávez 1927-1993 Mexican American farm worker, labor leader, and civil rights activist who, with Dolores
Huerta, co-founded the National Farm Workers Association, which later became the United Farm Workers
Chinese Exclusion Act - US federal law signed into law by Chester Arthur May 8, 1882, following revisions made in
1880 to the Burlingame Treaty of 1868. Those revisions allowed the U.S. to suspend immigration, and Congress
subsequently acted quickly to implement the suspension of Chinese immigration, a ban that was intended to last 10
years.
Charles Lindbergh was an American aviator, author, inventor and explorer. Lindbergh, then a 25-year old U.S. Air
Mail pilot, emerged from virtual obscurity to almost instantaneous world fame as the result of his Orteig Prize-winning
solo non-stop flight in 1927
court-packing plan was a legislative initiative to add more justices to the Supreme Court proposed by U.S. President
Franklin Roosevelt shortly after his victory in the 1936 presidential election. Although the bill aimed generally to
overhaul and modernize all of the federal court system, its central and most controversial provision would have granted
the President power to appoint an additional Justice to the U.S. Supreme Court for every sitting member over the age of
70½, up to a maximum of six.
Cold War- (1945–1991) was the continuing state of political conflict existing after World War II (1939–1945),
primarily between the USSR and its satellite states, and the powers of the Western world, including the United States.
Although the primary participants' military forces never officially clashed directly, they expressed the conflict through
military coalitions, strategic conventional force deployments, a nuclear arms race, espionage, proxy wars, propaganda,
and technological competition, such as the Space Race.
cuban missile crisis- was a confrontation between the United States, the Soviet Union, and Cuba in October 1962,
during the Cold War. In October 1962, the Soviet Union and the United States went eyeball-to-eyeball and were on the
brink of nuclear war
che guevarra- was one of the main figures taking part in the Cuban revolution.
civil rights- Rights protected by the U.S. Constitution. These rights can be enforced by court action. Among them are
the right to own property, to utilize the courts, to marry, to contract, and to obtain other benefits set out by law, including
all rights set out in federal statutes.
Â
civil rights Act 1964- was a landmark piece of legislation in the United States that outlawed racial segregation in
schools, public places, and employment. Conceived to help African Americans, the bill was amended prior to passage to
protect women, and explicitly included white people for the first time. It also created the Equal Employment
Opportunity Commission.
D
detente - is the easing of strained relations, especially in a political situation. The term is often used in reference to the
general easing of relations between the Soviet Union and the United States, a thawing of the Cold War
dwight Eisenhower- most famous U.S. Army general of World War II and the 34th president of the United States. After
the war he served as president of Columbia University.
D-Day- In U.S. military history, any designed day for the commencement of a major operation, The most celebrated DDay occurred on June 6, 1944, the first day of the Anglo-American invasion of Europe in World War II.
E
elvis presley-(January 8, 1935 – August 16, 1977; middle name sometimes spelled Aron) was an American singer,
actor, and musician. A cultural icon, he is commonly known simply as Elvis and is also sometimes referred to as "The
King of Rock 'n' Roll" or "The King."
F
flappers- in the 1920s referred to a "new breed" of young women who wore short skirts, bobbed their hair, listened to
jazz, and flaunted their disdain for what was then considered acceptable behavior. Flappers were seen as brash for
wearing excessive makeup, drinking, treating sex in a casual manner, smoking, driving automobiles and otherwise
flouting social and sexual norms.
Â
Fundamentalism refers to a belief in a strict adherence to a set of basic principles, sometimes as a reaction to perceived
doctrinal compromises with modern social and political life.The term f was originally coined to describe a narrowly
defined set of beliefs that developed into a movement within the Protestant community of the United States in the early
part of the 20th century, and that had its roots in the Fundamentalist-Modernist Controversy of that time.
fireside chats were a series of thirty evening radio speeches given by United States President Franklin D. Roosevelt
between 1933 and 1944.
father Coughlin - was a Canadian-born Roman Catholic priest at Royal Oak, Michigan's National Shrine of the Little
Flower Church. He was one of the first political leaders to use radio to reach a mass audience, as more than forty million
tuned to his weekly broadcasts during the 1930s.
fascism - is a political ideology that seeks to combine radical and authoritarian nationalism with a corporatist economic
system. Scholars generally consider it to be on the far right of the traditional left-right political spectrum.
fidel castro- is a Cuban politician, one of the primary leaders of the Cuban Revolution he was the Prime Minister of
Cuba President of the Council of State of Cuba. He is currently the First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba.
freedom rides- activists rode in interstate buses into the segregated southern United States. The first Freedom Ride left
Washington D.C. on May 4, 1961 Riders want to long distance busses , and sitting in front of the busses they were
arrested The Freedom Rides followed on the heels of dramatic "sit-ins" against segregated lunch counters .
freedom summer- known as the Mississippi Summer Project) was a campaign in the United States launched in June
1964 to attempt to register to vote as many African American voters as possible in Mississippi, which up to that time had
almost totally excluded black voters. The project was organized by COFO, a coalition of four established civil rights
organizations: NAACP, CORE, SCLC, SNCC, SNCC.
Federal Reserve Act enacted December 23, 1913 is the act of Congress that created the Federal Reserve System, the
central banking system of the United States of America, which was signed into law by President Woodrow Wilson.
G
great society- was a set of domestic programs proposed or enacted in the United States on the initiative of President
Lyndon B. Johnson. Two main goals of the Great Society social reforms were the elimination of poverty and racial
injustice.
gulf of Tonkin- is the name given to two separate incidents involving naval forces of the Democratic Republic of
Vietnam and the United States in the waters of the Gulf of Tonkin. On 2 August 1964, the destroyer USS Maddox
engaged three North Vietnamese P-4 torpedo boats, resulting in damage to the three boats. days later the Maddox
reported a second engagement with North Vietnamese vessels. This second report was later concluded to be incorrect.
Together, these two incidents prompted the first large-scale involvement of U.S. armed forces in Southeast Asia.
green berets- Elite unit of the U.S. Army specializing in counterinsurgency. The Green Berets (whose berets can be
colours other than green) came into being in 1952. They were active in the Vietnam War, and they have been sent to
U.S.-supported governments around the world to help combat guerrilla insurgencies.
G.I. bill of rights - provided for college or vocational education for returning World War II veterans) as well as one
year of unemployment compensation. It also provided many different types of loans for returning veterans to buy homes
and start businessesThe bill which President Franklin D. Roosevelt initially proposed was not as far reaching. The G.I.
Bill was created to prevent a repeat of the Bonus March of 1932 and a relapse into the Great Depression after World
War I ended. The American Legion was essentially responsible for many of the bill's provisions. The Legion, led by
Atherton, managed to have the bill apply to all who served in the armed services, including African Americans and
women.
great depression - severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the
Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or
early 1940s.the longest, most widespread, and deepest depression of the 20th century.
H
henry ford was the American founder of the Ford Motor Company and father of modern assembly lines used in mass
production. His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry.
Herbert Hoover 31st President 1929–33. As the United States Secretary of Commerce in the 1920s under Presidents
Warren Harding and Calvin Coolidge, he promoted government intervention under the rubric "economic
modernization". In the presidential election of 1928, Hoover easily won the Republican nomination, despite having no
previous elected office experience. To date, Hoover is the last cabinet secretary to be directly elected President of the
United States.
huey long - nicknamed The Kingfish, served as the 40th Governor of Louisiana from 1928 to 1932 and as a U.S. senator
from 1932 to 1935. A Democrat, he was noted for his radical populist policies. Though a backer of Franklin D.
Roosevelt in the 1932 presidential election, Long split with Roosevelt in June 1933 and allegedly planned to mount his
own presidential bid.
Hiroshima i Nagasaki- Hiroshima and Nagasaki, bombings of (1945). The atomic bombing of the Japanese cities in
August 1945 represents the most important development in warfare in the 20th century. In mid-1942 a programme codenamed the Manhattan Project was set up to develop a bomb. On 16 July 1945 the first atomic bomb was tested at a site
called Trinity in New Mexico. Hiroshima became the target of the first weapon at 08.15 on 6 August 1945. It caused
death on a huge scale.
Harry S. Thruman- was the 33rd President of the United States . As the 34th vice president, he succeeded Franklin D.
Roosevelt, who died less than three months after he began his fourth term.During World War I Truman served as an
artillery officer, making him the only president to have seen combat in World War I. Truman replaced vice president
Henry A. Wallace as Roosevelt's running mate in 1944
hollywood ten- (1950) is an American 16mm short documentary film. In the film, each member of the Hollywood
Ten made a short speech to denounce McCarthyism and the Hollywood Blacklisting.
The film was directed by John Berry
ho chi minh- was a Vietnamese Communist revolutionary and statesman who was prime minister (1946–1955)
and president (1945–1969) of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam).
Â
I
immigration Act 1924 - was a United States federal law that limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted
from any country to 2% of the number of people from that country who were already living in the United States in 1890,
according to the Census of 1890
J
Jim Crow laws - state and local laws in US enacted between 1876 and 1965. They mandated racial segregation in all
public facilities, "separate but equal" status for black Americans. In reality, this led to treatment and accommodations
that were usually inferior to those provided for white Americans, systematizing a number of economic, educational and
social disadvantages.
john f. kennedy- was the 35th President of the United States, serving from 1961 until his assassination in 1963.
Kennedy defeated then Vice President and Republican candidate Richard Nixon in the 1960 U.S. presidential election,
one of the closest in American history. To date, he is the only Catholic president
K
korean war- was a military conflict between the Republic of Korea, supported by the United Nations, and the
Democratic People's Republic of Korea, supported by the People's Republic of China and the Soviet Union. The war
began on 25 June 1950 and an armistice was signed on 27 July 1953.
L
Lusitania - ocean liner She was torpedoed by a German U-boat on 7 May 1915 and sank in eighteen minutes, 15 km off
the Old Head of Kinsale, Ireland, killing 1,198 of the 1,959 people aboard. The sinking turned public opinion in many
countries against Germany, and was instrumental in bringing the United States into World War I.
lyndon b. Johnson- often referred to as LBJ, served as the 36th President of the United States from 1963 to 1969
after his service as the 37th Vice President of the United States from 1961 to 1963. He served in all four federal elected
offices of the United States: Representative, Senator, Vice President, and President.Johnson, a Democrat, succeeded to
the presidency following the assassination of President John F. Kennedy
Los Alamos- Town of north-central New Mexico northwest of Santa Fe. It was chosen in 1942 as a nuclear research
site(miejsce badań nuklearnych) to produce the first atomic bombs. (The Atomic Energy Commission governed the
town from 1947 to 1962.)
M
Malcolm X- also known as El-Hajj Malik El-Shabazz was an African-American Muslim minister, public speaker, and
human rights activist. To his admirers, he was a courageous advocate for the rights of African Americans. He has been
described as one of the greatest and most influential African Americans in history.
Martin Luther King Jr- was an American clergyman, activist and prominent leader in the African-American civil
rights movement. His main legacy was to secure progress on civil rights in the United States, and he has become a
human rights icon: King is recognized as a martyr by two Christian churches.[1]Â A Baptist minister, King became a
civil rights activist early in his career(Montgomery Bus Boycott ,Southern Christian Leadership Conference in
1957,March on Washington, "I Have a Dream")
my lai massacre (1968) the most notorious incident of U.S. brutality in the Vietnam War. On March 16, U.S. soldiers,
with orders to burn and destroy, entered My Lai. Finding no enemy soldiers, they brutally raped several women and
killed everyone, mostly old men, women, and children. The incident was covered up until mid 1969, when word
unofficially reached Pentagon officials
model t, is an automobile that was produced by Henry Ford's Ford Motor Company from 1908 through 1927. The
Model T set 1908 as the historic year that the automobile came into popular usage. It is generally regarded as the first
affordable automobile, the car that "put America on wheels"
Marshall Plan- was the primary program, 1948–52, of the United States for rebuilding and creating a stronger
economic foundation for the countries of ...
Plik z chomika:
kati_lady_92
Inne pliki z tego folderu:
Ameryka. Historia USA 12 Nowe tysiÄ…clecie-America. The Story Of The US 12
Millennium.avi (639982 KB)
 Ameryka. Historia USA 10 II Wojna Åšwiatowa-America. The Story Of The US 10 World
War II.avi (587848 KB)
 Ameryka. Historia USA 09 Krach-America. The Story Of The US 09 Bust.avi (587814 KB)



Ameryka. Historia USA 08 Boom-America. The Story Of The US 08 Boom.avi (588762
KB)
Ameryka. Historia USA 07 Miasta-America. The Story Of The US 07 Cities.avi (593886
KB)
Inne foldery tego chomika:




Zgłoś jeśli naruszono regulamin







Strona główna
Aktualności
Kontakt
Dla Mediów
Dział Pomocy
Opinie
Program partnerski




Regulamin serwisu
Polityka prywatności
Ochrona praw autorskich
Platforma wydawców
Copyright © 2012 Chomikuj.pl
02 - PET Practice Tests
03 - FCE Practice Tests
04 - CAE Practice Tests
05 - CPE Practice Tests
 American Studies