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9/8/98 Chapter 3 Chapter 3 Atomic Structure Electrical nature of Matter Charge – fundamental force of nature Ben Franklin 1 9/8/98 Chapter 3 2 Luigi Galvani Alessandro Volta Nicholson and Carlisle Humphrey Davy Michael Faraday Electrochemistry Electrolysis Electrolyte 9/8/98 Chapter 3 3 Electrodes Anode Cathode Anion Cation William Crookes J. J. Thomson -9 M/e = -6x10 g/coulomb 9/8/98 Chapter 3 4 Robert Millikan e= 1.60x10 m=9.1x10 -19 -28 coulomb g Eugene Goldstein Wilhelm Wien Thomson’s Plum Pudding model Radioactivity 9/8/98 Chapter 3 William Roentgen Henri Becquerel Marie & Pierre Curie Ernest Rutherford Alpha particles () Beta particles () Gamma rays () 5 9/8/98 Chapter 3 6 Gold foil Proton James Chadwick Neutron Electron 1/1837 Isotopes Niels Bohr Quantized energy levels 9/8/98 Chapter 3 7 Ground and excited states White light Electrons – particle (mass, charge) Schrodinger wave Heisenberg Shell Subshell – s, p, d, f 9/8/98 Chapter 3 8 Orbital – 2 electrons Degenerate orbitals Spin Quantum numbers Electron configuration Valence electrons Families or groups Periods 9/8/98 Chapter 3 9 Metals, nonmetals, metalloids I. Problems 3.1, 3.2, 4, 7, 8, 14, 16, 24, 26, 27, 30, 34, 36, 42, 45, 47, 48, 52, 61, 70