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Kingdom Fungi 1. General Fungi Structure a. hyphae tube-shaped mass of cytoplasm with many nuclei. *some have cross-walls that form cells , some don’t b. Mycellium mat of filaments (hyphae) * most mycelium is in the soil or tissues of host 2. General Fungi Reproduction a. thick walled spores formed by mitosis or meiosis. b. Most use mitosis with spores located at the ends of specialized hyphae. c. Classification of various fungi is based on the way they produce spores during sexual reproduction. Zygote fungi hyphae from two different organisms fuse and form a zygote zygote thick walled spore : Zygospore (resistant to harsh conditions) can also form stolons spread along surface rhizhoids anchor fungus to food source Ex: bread molds Nutrition includes: - most saprophytes (absorb foodm from dead tissues of other organisms) - some parasitic (absorb food from living host) Club Fungi grow club-shaped structures called basidia in which sexual spores are formed Ex: typical mushroom, shelf fungi, usuts, smuts, puffballs Nutrition – saprophytic and parasitic Sac Fungi grow sac like structures called Ascus in which sexual spores are formed. Ex: Yeasts, cup fungi, Powdery mildew. Lichens Dual organisms – mutualisms = fungus and blue green bacteria or green alga.