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The GEISA-03 sub-database on Microphysical and Optical
Properties of Atmospheric Aerosols
1- References for archived refractive indices of basic
atmospheric aerosol components
Biermann, U.M., B.P. Luo, and Th. Peter, "Absorption Spectra and Optical Constants
of Binary and Ternary Solutions of H2SO4, HNO3, and H2O in the Mid Infrared at
Atmospheric Temperatures", J.Phys.Chem. A 104, 783793 (2000).
Carlson, T.N. and Benjamin ST.G., “Radiative heating rates for saharan dust”. J.
Atmos. Sc. 193-213 (1980).
Clapp, M.L., R.E. Miller, and D.R. Worsnop, "FrequencyDependent Optical
Constants of Water Ice Obtained Directly from Aerosol Extinction Spectra",
J.Phys.Chem. 99, 63176326 (1995).
Dorsey, N. E., "Properties of ordinary water-substance in all its phases: water vapor
and all the ices", American Chemistry Society, Monograph Series, Reinhold
Publishing Corp., New York, NY, 332-338 (1940).
Downing H.D., and Williams D., "Optical constants of water in the infrared",
J.Geophys.Res., 80, 1656-1661 (1975).
Drummond, D. G., "Absorption coefficients of crystal quartz in the infrared", Proc.
Roy. Soc. (London)-Series A,153, 328-338 (1936).
Eldridge, J. E. and Palik, E. D., "Sodium Chloride", in "Handbook of Optical
Constants of Solids", Edited by E. D. Palik, Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, FL, 775793 (1985).
Fenn, R. W., Clough, S. A., Gallery, W. O., Good, R. E., Kneizys, F. X., Mill, J. D.,
Rothman, L. S. and Shettle, E.P.,"Optical and infrared properties of the atmosphere",
Chapter 18 in Handbook of Geophysics and the Space Environment, Edited by A.S.
Jursa, Air Force Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, MA (1985).
Galuza, A. I., Eremenko, V. V. and Kirichenko, A. P., "Analysis of hematite
reflection spectrum by the Kramers-Kronig method", Sov. Phys. Solid State, 21, 654656 (1979).
Gray, D. C., "American Institute of Physics Handbook", McGraw-Hill, New York,
NY, 1963, 2nd Edition.
Hale, G. M. and Querry, M. R., "Optical constants of water in the 200 mm to 200 um
wavelength region", Appl. Opt.,12, 555-563 (1973)
Hummel, J. R., Shettle, E. P. and Longtin, D. R., "A New Background Stratospheric
Aerosol Model for Use in Atmospheric Radiation Models", AFGL-TR-88-0166, Air
Force Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, MA, August 1988.
Kerker, M., Scheiner, P., Cooke, D. D. and Kratohvil, J.P., "Absorption index and
color of colloidal hematite", J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 71, 176-187 (1979).
Kou L., Labrie D., and Chylek P., "Refractive indices of water and ice in the 0.65 to
2.5 micron range", Appl.Opt., 32, 3531-3540 (1993).
Longtin, D. R., Shettle, E. P., Hummel, J. R. and Pryce, J. D., "A Wind Dependent
Desert Aerosol Model: Radiative Properties", AFGL-TR-88-0112, Air Force
Geophysics Laboratory, Hanscom AFB, MA, April 1988.
Niedziela, R.F., M.L. Norman, C.L. deForest, R.E. Miller, and D.R. Worsnop, "A
Temperature and Composition-Dependent Study of H2SO4 Aerosol Optical Constants
Using Fourier Transform and Tunable Diode Laser Infrared Spectroscopy",
J.Phys.Chem. A, 103, 8030-8040 (1999).
M.L. Norman, M.L., R.E. Miller, and D.R. Worsnop, “Ternary H2SO4/HNO3/H2O
Optical Constants: New Measurements from Aerosol Spectroscopy under
Stratospheric Conditions", J. Phys. Chem. A, 106, 6075-6083 (2002).
Onari, S., Arai, T. and Kudo, K., "Infrared lattice vibrations and dielectric dispersion
in - Fe2O3", Phys. Rev. B, 16, 1717-1721 (1977)
Palmer K.F. and Dudley Williams, "Optical constants of sulfuric acid: Application to
the clouds of Venus", Appl.Opt., 14, 208-219 (1975).
Philipp, H. R., "Silicon dioxide (SiO2), type-(crystalline)", in "Handbook of Optical
Constants of Solids", Edited by E. D. Palik, Academic Press, Inc., Orlando, FL, 719747 (1985).
Querry, M.R., and I.L. Tyler, "Reflectance and complex refractive indices in the
infrared of aqueous solutions of nitric acid", J.Chem.Phys. 72, 24952499 (1980).
Ray, P. S., "Broadband complex refractive indices of ice and water", Appl. Opt.,
11,1836-1844 (1972).
Remsberg E.E., Lavery D., and Crawford B., "Optical constants for sulfuric and nitric
acids", J.Chem. and Engin. Data, 19, 263-255 (1974).
Richwine, L.J., M.L. Clapp, R.E. Miller, and D.R. Worsnop, "Complex refractive
indices in the infrared of nitric acid trihydrate aerosols", Geo.Res.Lett. 22, 26252628
(1995).
Shettle, E. P. and Volz, F. E., "Optical constants for meteoric dust aerosol models" in
"Atmospheric Aerosols: Their Optical Properties and Effects", a Topical Meeting on
Atmospheric Aerosols sponsored by the Optical Society of America and NASA
Langley Research Center, Williamsburg, VA, 13-15 Dec. 1976.
Shettle, E. P. and Fenn, R. W., "Models for the Aerosols of the Lower Atmosphere and
the Effects of Humidity Variations on Their Optical Properties", AFGL-TR-79-0214,
20 Sept 1979, ADA085951.
Sokolik, I.N., A. Andronova, and T.C. Johnson, “Complex refractive index of
atmospheric dust aerosols”, Atmos. Env., 27A, 2495-2502 (1993).
Spitzer, W. G. and Kleinman, D. A., "Infrared lattice bands of quartz", Phys. Rev.,
121, 1324-1335 (1961).
Steyer, T. R. "Infrared optical properties of some solids of possible interest in
astronomy and atmospheric physics",Graduate Thesis, Department of Physics,
University of Arizona (1974).
Tisdale, R.T., D.L. Glandorf, M.A. Tolbert, and O.B. Toon, "Infrared optical
constants of low temperature H2SO4 solutions representative of stratospheric sulfate
aerosols", J.Geophys.Res. 103, 25353-25370 (1998).
Toon, O. B., Pollock, J. B. and Khare, B. N., "The optical constants of several
atmospheric aerosols species: ammonium sulfate, aluminum oxide and sodium
chloride", J. Geophys. Res., 81, 5733-5748 (1976).
Toon O.B., Tolbert M.A., Koehler B.C., Middlebrook A.M., and Jordan J., "The
infrared optical constants of H2O-ice, amorphous nitric acid solutions, and nitric acid
hydrates", J. Geophys. Res., 99, 25631-25654 (1994)
Twitty, J. T. and Weinman, J. A., "Radiative properties of carbonaceous aerosols", J.
Appl. Meteor., 10, 725-731 (1971).
Volz F.E., "Infrared refractive index of atmospheric aerosol substances", Appl. Optics,
11, 755-759 (1972a).
Volz, F. E., "Infrared absorption by atmospheric aerosol substance", J. Geophys. Res.,
77, 1017-1031 (1972b).
Volz F.E., "Infrared optical constants of ammonium sulfate, Sahara dust; volcanic
pumice and flyash", Appl. Optics., 12, 564-568 (1973).
Warren S.G., "Optical constants of ice from the ultraviolet to the microwave",
Appl.Opt., 23, 1206-1225 (1984).
2- References for the aerosols database from LITMS
Rublev A.N., "Algorithms and calculations of aerosol phase functions", Internal note
IAE-5715/16 of the Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", 51 pp., 1994 (in
Russian)
World Meteorology Organization (WMO) publication. World Climate Research
Program, "A preliminary cloudless standard atmosphere for radiation computation",
WCP-112, WMO/TD-NO. 24 (1986)
Zolatarev V.M., Morozov V.M., and E.V. Smirnova, "Optical constants of natural and
technology media", 216 pp., Leningrad, 1984 (in Russian)
3- References for the database and associated software
package OPAC
d'Almedia, G.A., P. Koepke, and E.P. Shettle, "Atmospheric Aerosols: Global
Climatology and Radiative Characteristics", A. Deepak Publishing, 561 pp. (1991)
Deepak, A., and H. E. Gerber, Eds., “Report of the experts meeting on aerosols and
their climatic effects”, WCP-55, 107 pp. [Available from World Meteorological
Organization, Case Postale No. 5, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland.] (1983)
Diem, M., “Messungen der grösse von wolkenelementen II”, Meteor. Rundsch., 1,
261–273 (1948)
Fitzgerald, J. W., and P. A. Spyers-Duran, “Changes in cloud nucleus concentration
and cloud droplet size distribution associated with pollution from St. Louis”, J. Appl.
Meteor., 12, 511–516 (1973)
Hess M., and M. Wiegner, "COP: A data library of optical properties of hexagonal ice
crystals", Appl. Optics, 33, 7740-7746 (1994)
Hess M., P. Koepke, and I. Schult, "Optical properties of Aerosols and Clouds: The
software package OPAC", Bulletin of American Meteorological Society, 79, 831-844
(1998)
Heymsfield, A. J., and C. M. R. Platt, “A parameterization of the particle size
spectrum of ice clouds in terms of the ambient temperature and the ice water content”,
J. Atmos. Sci., 41, 846–855 (1984)
Hoffmann, H.-E., and R. Roth, “Cloud physical parameters in dependence on height
above cloud base in different clouds”, Meteor. Atmos. Phys., 41, 247–254 (1989)
Koepke P., M. Hess, I. Schult, and E.P. Shettle, "Global aerosol dataset", Report N
243, Max-Plank-Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg, 44 pp., September 1997
Leaitch, W. R., G. A. Isaac, J. W. Strapp, C. M. Banie, and H. A. Wiebe, “The
relationship between cloud droplet number concentrations and anthropogenic
pollution: Observations and climatic implications”, J. Geophys. Res., 97 (D2), 2463–
2474 (1992)
Quenzel H., and H. Müller, "Optical properties of single Mie particles: Diagrams of
intensity-, extinction-, scattering-, and absorption efficiencies", Universität München,
Meteorologisches Institut, Wiss. Mit., 34, 59 pp. (1978)
Shettle, E. P. and Fenn, R. W., "Models for the Aerosols of the Lower Atmosphere and
the Effects of Humidity Variations on Their Optical Properties", AFGL-TR-79-0214,
20 Sept 1979, ADA085951.
Squires, P., “The microstructure and colloidal stability of warm clouds”, Tellus, 10,
256–261 (1958)
Stephens, G. L., C. W. Paltridge, and C. M. R. Platt, “Radiation profiles in extended
water clouds III: Observations”, J. Atmos. Sci., 35, 2133–2141 (1978)
Strauss, B., R. Meerkoetter, B. Wissinger, P. Wendling, and M. Hess, “On the
regional climatic impact of contrails: Microphysical and radiative properties of
contrails and natural cirrus clouds”, Ann. Geophys., 15, 1457–1467 (1997)
Tampieri F., and C. Tomasi, "Size distribution models of fog and cloud droplets in
terms of the modified gamma function", Tellus, 28, 333-347 (1976)
Van de Hulst, H.C., “Light scattering by small particles”, 470 pp., New York: Dover
Publications (1981)
4- References for the Global Aerosol Data Set GADS
d'Almedia, G.A., P. Koepke, and E.P. Shettle, "Atmospheric Aerosols: Global
Climatology and Radiative Characteristics", A. Deepak Publishing, 561 pp. (1991)
Koepke P., M. Hess, I. Schult, and E.P. Shettle, "Global aerosol dataset", Report N
243, Max-Plank-Institut für Meteorologie, Hamburg, 44 pp., September 1997.
World Meteorology Organization (WMO) publication. World Climate Research
Program, "A preliminary cloudless standard atmosphere for radiation computation",
WCP-112, WMO/TD-NO. 24 (1986)