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APUSH Chapter 29 The Cold War Essential Terms Origins of the Cold War – (Differing views of international relations (look at Atlantic Charter, Casablanca Conference, Yalta Conference) Potsdam Conference Containment Policy George Kennan Truman Doctrine George Marshall Marshall Plan Selective Service System National Security Act of 1947 Central Intelligence Agency Soviet explosion of atomic bomb Servicemen’s Readjustment Act (GI Bill of Rights) John L. Lewis United Mine Workers Fair Deal Fair Employment Practices Commission Taft-Hartley Bill (1947) Closed Shop Right-to-work laws Union shops “Cooling off period” (in relation to labor) Thomas Dewey 1948 Election Nuclear weapons/power in popular culture Korean War Defense perimeter Douglas MacArthur 38th parallel Removal of General MacArthur Office of Defense Mobilization House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) Hollywood Ten Alger Hiss McCarran Internal Security Act Julius and Ethel Rosenberg Joseph McCarthy 1952 Presidential Election Adlai Stevenson Dwight D. Eisenhower Richard Nixon Multiple Choice Questions 1. During the Cold War, which of the following was one of the main tenets of the American foreign policy approach towards the spread of communism recommended by George Kennan and first implemented by President Truman in 1947? a. contain the spread of communism as one would a contagion to prevent a domino effect of affected nations b. discover and eliminate internal communist spies in the State Department c. match any Soviet buildup in its nuclear arsenal with equal or superior American systems d. develop the Strategic Defense Initiative, a "Star Wars" type of missile defense system e. use the Voice of America and other propaganda weapons to counter communism's claims 2. The Truman Doctrine was developed in the Cold War period following World War II in an attempt to prevent communist expansion in a. the Korean peninsula b. c. d. e. Southeast Asia Eastern Europe Latin America Greece and Turkey 3. Alger Hiss a. was accused of being a communist and stealing state secrets in the 1930s and was convicted of lying under oath b. charged that Whittaker Chambers had given him State Department documents to give to the Soviets c. was exposed as a communist by Senator Joseph McCarthy d. strongly supported Richard Nixon's California Senate campaign e. testified before the House Un-American Activities Committee during the Hollywood Ten hearing 4. Which of the following statements about the World War II Potsdam Conference is not accurate a. Prime Minister Winston Churchill left the meeting following his party's defeat in an election in Great Britain b. the Allied leaders decided to defeat Germany first, then focus on Japan c. it was decided that Nazi leaders would be tried as war criminals d. Pres. Truman officially informed Soviet Premier Stalin of the existence of the atomic bomb e. all of the statements are accurate 5. Which of the following were justifications made for the dropping of the atomic bomb on Hiroshima in August 1945? I. A land invasion of Japan would cause huge casualties, as many as one million American soldiers. II. The bomb provided an opportunity to demonstrate U.S. capabilities in the postwar world to the Soviet Union. III. Other cities, such as Tokyo and Dresden, had been bombed extensively, so Hiroshima represented an extension of wartime practices. IV. Pres. Roosevelt had authorized billions of dollars in financing the Manhattan Project without consulting Congress. Successfully dropping the bomb might be the only acceptable defense once the secret was revealed. a. I, II, and III only b. I and III only c. I, II and IV only d. II and III only e. all of the statements were justifications made for the dropping of the Hiroshima bomb 6. All but which of the following statements about Joseph McCarthy are true? a. he led a campaign to expose communists in the American government b. his methods of intimidation and ridicule during committee hearings gave him tremendous influence c. he was the chair of the House Un-American Activities Committee d. he was formally censured by the Senate following the Army-McCarthy hearings e. he continually changed the number of communists he claimed to have discovered and refused to identify his sources 7. Following World War II, British, French, Soviet, and American officials convened the Nuremberg Tribunal in 1945. Which of the following was not a charge applied to German defendants at Nuremberg? a. crimes against peace b. war crimes c. genocide d. conspiracy to wage aggressive war e. crimes against humanity