Download Pre-Lecture sheet Ear

Biology 2121 – Pre-Lecture Questions – The Ear and Hearing – Chapter 15
1. The shell-shaped part surrounding the opening of the external acoustic meatus is called the _________________.
2. The rim of the ear is called the _____________and the _____________ is the dangling lower part.
3. The ______________________________ or the auditory canal is about _______________ long and extends to the ______________.
4. What are the function(s) of the ceruminous glands? __________________________________________________________________
5. The tympanic membrane is the boundary between the _______________ and _______________ ears.
6. State the function of the tympanic membrane. ____________________________________________________________________________
7. The middle ear is composed of the three tiny bones or ossicles (in order) called the __________________,
___________________ and _________________________.
8. The stapes is attached to the ______________ muscle. The malleus is attached to the __________________ muscle. Both
are made of ______________________ muscle tissue.
9. The stapes is attached to the ___________________ window.
10. What is the function of the pharynogotympanic or auditory tube? __________________________________________________
11. A middle ear infection is referred to as _____________________.
12. The inner ear is made up of the following structures: __________________________canals, ____________________ and
_______________________ which contains the organ of hearing.
13. The inner ear is also called the _________________________.
14. The ___________________ labyrinth contains three regions called: _________________________________________________________.
It is filled with __________________ fluid.
15. The _________________ labyrinth are a series of membranous sacs contained within the bony labyrinth. It is filled
with ____________________ fluid.
16. The saccule and utricles are part of the ___________________ of the ear.
17. What are the functions of the saccule and utricle: _____________________________________________________________________
18. What do the ampulla in the semi-circular canals contain? What is their function? _________________________________
19. What is the function of the spiral organ of corti? ___________________________________________________________________
20. What is sound? ____________________________________
21. What is frequency? ________________________________________. The frequency range of human hearing is ________________
22. How are loudness and decibels related? ________________________________________________________________________________
23. Compare conduction deafness and sensorineural deafness.
24. Tinnitus is ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
25. What is Meniere’s syndrome? ___________________________________________________________________________________________
26. Impulses produced in the cochlea pass through the _______________ ganglion and along afferent fibers of the
_____________ nerve to the _________________ nuclei of the medulla. Impulses are sent on to the _____________________
nucleus in the medulla and then to the ______________________ of the midbrain. From there impulses move on to the
__________________________ of the thalamus and finally to the primary ___________________ cortex in the temporal lobe.
II. Olfaction and Gustation
1. The olfactory epithelium is made of ___________________ epithelium and is located in the ____________________________.
2. What is the function of olfactory supporting cells? _____________________________________________________________________
3. What is the function of the basal cells? _________________________________________________________________________________
4. Cranial nerve ____________ is the olfactory nerve.
5. Filaments of the olfactory nerve pass through the ________________ plate of the _______________ bone of the skull.
6. These filaments then synapse with the _________________ cells in the glomeruli. Mitral cells then form the
_______________________ tract.
7. What are the olfactory bulbs? ________________________________________________________________________________________
8. The olfactory pathway to the brain begins with olfactory nerves synapsing in the overlying ______________ bulbs,
where these filaments synapse with the _________________ cells in the glomeruli. Mitral cells send impulses via the
__________________ tracts which travels to the _________________ lobe of the ____________________ cortex, and to the frontal
lobe above the orbit where the smells are _____________________________________________________________________________
9. The large taste buds on the anterior of the tongue are called ___________________ papillae. The larger papillae in a V
shape on the posterior part of the tongue are called _____________________ papillae.
10. In a taste bud, the taste bud contains ________________ hairs which extends outside of the taste bud.
11. What are the functions of the basal cells? ____________________________________________________________
12. The cranial nerves involved with taste are CN ______________________, __________________________ and __________________.