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Name ________________________ Period __________________ Date ______________________ _______________________________________________________________________________ The Language of Science Applying Concepts _______________________________________________________________________________ Etymology is the study of the origin and the development of words. Many scientific words are made up of roots, prefixes, and suffixes that have Latin and Greek origins. In this activity, you will examine the parts of some scientific words. You can often out find the meaning of a scientific word by recalling the meanings of each of these parts. For example, the word biology comes from the Greek word bio, meaning “life,” and –ology, meaning “the study of.” Therefore, the word biology means “the study of life.” Below is a chart that shows the prefixes, suffixes, and the meanings of some scientific words. Complete the chart by filling in the blanks. Scientific Word Latin Prefix English Meaning Latin Suffix English Meaning English Definition Ana- Away -tomy cut study of parts of the body record drawing of the heart's movements Cardiogram Cardio- Encephalitis Encephal- Exoskeleton Herbivorous Brain Outside inflammation -skeleton Herbi- bony support system eating plant eating maintenance of stable internal environments Homeostasis Same. Like -stasis standing, stopping Hypertension Above -tension stress, pressure Hypo- Below, less than normal -dermic skin Intra- Within -stellar within a star Protozoan First -zoan first animal Pseudopod False foot Sarcoplasm Sarco- Flesh, muscle Formation Tonsillectomy Tonsil- Tonsil cut out injection beneath the skin false foot Scientific Word Latin Prefix English Meaning Latin Suffix English Meaning tissue -ology study of Psycho- mind, mental process kinetic movement of objects movement of objects by the mind Aero- air active force study of air acting on bodies of motion hardening hardening of the arteries Histology Aerodynamics Neurology Microscope Arterio- -scerlosis Neuro- -ology Cytology study of the nervous system instrument for viewing Microcell English Definition -ology instrument for viewing small objects study of cells Protoplasm Proto- Biology Bio- life Hemologist Hemo- blood -ologist Archeo- ancient, primitive -ology Arthro- joint, jointed foot jointed foot Anthro- of man study of study of man Arthritis formation Arthr- killing Carni- -vore Hepatitis Liver Ecology Environment Dermatologist one who studies inflammation of Herbicide Carnivore first formation Derma a meat-eater inflammation of the liver Study of the environment -ology -ologist one who studies Using the Roots Reference Sheet word lists, figure out the meanings of the following words: Example: cardiology – heart study or science (study of the heart) 1. arthritis— 2. arthropod— 3. echinoderm— 4. epiglottis— 5. dysplasia— 6. hypodermic— 7. anthropology— 8. hypothermic— 9. gymnosperm— 10. pseudopod— 11. photograph— 12. hypertrophy— 13. neuralgia— 14. decapod— 15. hepatitis— 16. cytology— 17. zoology— 18. microbiology— 19. geology— 20. biology— Notice that several prefixes can mean the same thing: 21. What are two prefixes that mean ONE or SINGLE? __________ __________ 22. What are two suffixes that mean CUT or CUT OUT? __________ __________ 23. What are two prefixes that mean ABOVE or ON? __________ __________ 24. What are two prefixes that mean TWO? __________ __________ Just knowing one part of a word gives you a clue to the whole word: 25. 26. 27. 28. 29. 30. 31. 32. 33. 34. 35. 36. 37. Would you want to be careful when touching an animal called an ECHINDNA? Yes No What does a CARNIVORE eat? _______________ Is a NEONATE a tiny baby or an old person? ____________________ Is a CRANIOTOMY a serious surgery? Yes No An ALBINO rabbit is what color? _______________ Does an AMPHIBIAN live on land or water? _______________ If a medicine is CONTRAINDICATED for you, should you take it? Yes No A DERMATOLOGIST works with what part of the body? _______________ How does a tiny animal called a ROTIFER travel through the water? _____________________ (hint: look up roto-) If you visited the Elysian Park ARBORETUM, what would you expect to see? _______________ In 1969, where did the LUNAR mission land? _______________ What is another name for a CHRONOMETER? _______________ Why do they call this symbol (*) an ASTERISK? __________________________________
