Download Cells and Cellular Processes: EOI Practice Test

EOI Review 5 & 9 Test
1. According to this simplified water cycle, the process of transpiration is the process that —
a. releases water vapor from plants
b. increases the rate of the water cycle
c. speeds the evaporation of water
d. causes photosynthesis in plants
2. Unlike other animals, mammals can perspire. The main benefit of perspiring is that it —
a. removes dirt from the surface of the skin
b. cools the skin with evaporation
c. relaxes the muscles
d. removes extra water from the cells
3. Which of these is the best model of a prokaryotic cell?
a. F
b. G
c. H
d. J
4. A microorganism which releases water into its environment to regulate its salinity during osmosis is
undergoing a process that is similar to a human being who releases moisture on a hot day. This process
that helps keep both the microorganism and the human body fluids in balance is known as —
a. heredity
b. homeostasis
c. mutation
d. cell division
5. A student was studying the responses of cells to solutions of varying salt concentrations. Which solution below would cause no change in cell size?
a. F
b. G
c. H
d. J
6. The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells is that —
a. eukaryotic cells have a smaller cell nucleus
b. prokaryotic cells are always much larger
c. prokaryotic cells do not have a plasma membrane
d. eukaryotic cells have a more advanced cellular organization
7. When there is a lower concentration of water outside of a plant cell rather than inside a plant cell, the
plant will tend to —
a. grow toward the sun
b. lose water and wilt
c. gain water and become rigid
d. increase its rate of photosynthesis
8. What characteristic do all living things share?
a. They reproduce by mitosis.
b. They are made up of many parts.
c. They contain DNA.
d. They need oxygen to survive.
9. Which of these is capable of moving quickly in response to its environment?
a. F
b. G
c. H
d. J
10. Which of these functions most like the “brain” of a cell?
a. The Golgi apparatus
b. The mitochondrion
c. The nucleus
d. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum
11. The concentration of glucose must be maintained within a fairly narrow range in most vertebrates.
This statement is an example of —
a. homeostasis
b. fermentation
c. excretion
d. glycolysis
12. What is the purpose of the flagellum?
a. Movement
b. Catching prey
c. Circulation
d. Attachment
13. What structure is common to all five kingdoms of living organisms?
a. Cell wall
b. DNA
c. Nucleus
d. Mitochondria
14. Which of these statements best summarizes the cell theory?
a. Cells contain a nucleus and other parts.
b. Cells come in different shapes and sizes.
c. Cells can be seen through a microscope.
d. Cells are the building blocks of living things.
15. Which pair of structures best shows that plant cells have functions different from animal cells?
a. Chloroplasts and cell walls
b. Cytoplasm and mitochondria
c. Ribosomes and cell membranes
d. Nuclei and centrioles
16. Which characteristic of prokaryotic organisms makes them different from eukaryotes?
a. Prokaryotes are made of cells.
b. Prokaryotes do not have chromosomes.
c. Prokaryotes have DNA.
d. Prokaryotic cells do not have membrane-bound organelles.
17. In the human body, muscle cells have an increased need for energy during exercise. To help supply
this energy, the body will immediately increase:
a. activity in the nervous system to stimulate intake of carbon dioxide
b. the breathing rate to supply more oxygen to cells for the release of energy
c. the need for waste products to be retained
d. food intake to increase the substances available for respiration
18. The one-celled eukaryotic organisms above are often found in freshwater ponds. What is one characteristic they all have in common?
a. Nucleus
b. Pseudopodia
c. Cilia
d. Flagellum
19. How is the prokaryotic bacterium in the diagram different from a eukaryotic cell?
a. It stores its genetic information in DNA.
b. It has ribosomes to make proteins.
c. It has a cell membrane.
d. It has no membrane-bound nucleus.
20. Cells from which of the following organisms would be expected to contain cell walls?
a. Sponge
b. Water lily
c. Cricket
d. Paramecium
21. Which of the following organelles is present in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
a. Endoplasmic reticulum
b. Ribosome
c. Golgi body
d. Nucleus
22. If transpiration stopped completely, how would a plant’s homeostasis first be affected?
a. Water molecules would not be released from leaves.
b. Carbohydrates would no longer be formed.
c. Fewer sugars stored in roots and stems would diffuse into the soil.
d. More carbon dioxide molecules would be taken in by leaves.
23. Compared to a skin cell, a muscle cell is likely to have more —
a. golgi bodies
b. chloroplasts
c. cell membranes
d. mitochondria
24. Bacteria are tremendously successful unicellular organisms, yet all large organisms are multicellular.
Unicellular organisms cannot grow very large because the —
a. diffusion of nutrients into the cell’s interior would be too slow
b. locomotion of the organisms would be too slow
c. respiratory rate would be too high
d. energy expenditures would be too great
25. A student wrote this description of a cell after looking at it under a microscope. Which type of cell was
the student most likely describing?
a. Bacterium cell
b. Fungus cell
c. Animal cell
d. Plant cell
26. Some peeled pieces of apple were placed in distilled water and some in very salty water. The cells in
the apple pieces will —
a. lose water in both solutions
b. gain water in the distilled water and lose water in the salty water
c. gain water in both solutions
d. lose water in the distilled water and gain water in the salty water
27. The eukaryotic organism described above should be classified as —
a. an animal
b. a plant
c. a bacterium
d. a fungus
28. A cell with numerous ribosomes is probably specialized for a. cell division
b. energy production
c. protein synthesis
d. enzyme storage