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RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES
KARNATAKA, BANGALORE
COMPLETED PROFORMA FOR REGISTRATION OF SUBJECT
(SHAREER RACHANA) FOR DISSERTATION IN M.D. (AYURVEDA)
ANATOMICAL STUDY OF PRUSHTA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE
TO MAMSARAJJU
BY
DR.KAVITA S.BUTALI
MD (AYU) SCHOLAR
DEPT .OF P.G.STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA
S.D.M.COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA
HASSAN.
GUIDE
DR. UMA B. GOPAL
M.D (AYU)
DEPT.OF P.G.STUDIES IN SHAREERA RACHANA
S.D.M.COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA
HASSAN
2012 - 2013
S.D.M.COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA
THANNIRUHALLA, HASSAN-573201
From,
DR.KAVITA S.BUTALI
Preliminary M. D. (Ayu) Scholar
Dept.of P.G.Studies in Shareera Rachana
S.D.M. College of Ayurveda & Hospital,
P.O. Box 164, Hassan – 573201
To,
The Registrar
Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences
Karnataka, Bangalore
Through,
The Principal and
Head of the Department (Shareera Rachana)
S.D.M.College of Ayurveda
Thanniruhalla, Hassan-573201
Respected sir,
Subject: Submission of completed pro-forma for registration of topic for dissertation.
I request you to kindly register the below mentioned topic against my name for the
submission of dissertation to the Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences, Bangalore for
the partial fulfillment of M.D.(AYU) in Shareera Rachana
.
Title of Dissertation:
ANATOMICAL SYUDY OF PRUSHTA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE
TO MAMSARAJJU
Herewith I am enclosing completed Pro-forma for registration of topic for dissertation.
Thanking you,
Yours Sincerely,
Place: Hassan
Date:
( DR.KAVITA S.BUTALI)
RAJIV GANDHI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH SCIENCES,
KARNATAKA, BANGALORE.
ANNEXURE II
COMPLETED
PROFORMA
FOR
REGISTRATION
OF
TOPIC
FOR
DISSERTATION
1. NAME OF THE
:
KAVITA S.BUTALI
CANDIDATE
ADDRESS
(IN BLOCK LETTERS)
:
PRELIMINARY M.D (AYU) SCHOLAR
DEPT.OF P.G.STUDIES IN SHAREERA
RACHANA. S.D.M.C.A
THANNIRUHALLA,HASSAN.
PERMANENT ADDRESS
:
DR.KAVITA S .BUTALI
D/O S. K. BUTALI
NEAR SANGOLLI RAYANNA CIRCLE
BIJAPUR ROAD
ATHANI DIST: BELGAUM 591304
2. NAME OF THE
: SRI DHARMASTHALA MANJUNATHESHWARA
INSTITUTION
COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA, HASSAN-573201
3. COURSE OF STUDY
AND SUBJECT
4. DATE OF ADMISSION
:
M.D (AYURVEDA)
SHAREERA RACHANA
: 22 /12 /2012
TO COURSE
5. TITLE OF THE TOPIC
: ANATOMICAL STUDY OF PRUSHTA WITH
SPECIAL REFERENCE TO MAMSARAJJU
6. BRIEF RESUME OF THE INTENDED WORK
6.1 NEED FOR THE STUDY
Acharya Sushruta has mentioned the term Mamsarajju, its position and enumeration
while explaining the Paribhasha of various structures like Snayu, Kandara etc in dentifying a
particular structure.1 Prushta means Pashcchatbhaga of Shareera.2which helps in standing
forth prominently. 3
Mamsarajju is a structure which are four in number found on either side of
Prushtavamsha and helps in binding the muscle. Two each internally and externally.4,5,6 The
term Mamsarajju includes two words, Mamsa and Rajju. The word Mamsa refers to third
Dhatu among Saptha Dhatu which helps in Shareera and Meda Pusthi.7,8 The word Rajju has
been correlated with rope ,cord ,a lock of braided hair or tendon proceeding from vertebral
column.9 and one which helps in binding.10 Peshi is a type of structural component which are
formed by the division of Mamsa by the influence of Vayu.11In the body Sira, Snayu,
Parvasandhi are said to be covered by Peshi which is responsible for strength and stability.12
Snayu is a structure which helps in binding the Mamsa , Asthi, and Meda and makes the
body as Sudrudha.13 Kandara is such a structure which is said to involve in Akunchana and
Prasarana of various part of body and has been called as Mahasnayu.14,15 More or less there
are three different structures like Mamsarajju, Snayu and Kandara involved in binding the
Mamsa. Hence there is need to differentiate Mamsarajju from Snayu and Kandara.
According to commentary of Gayadasa, Mamsarajju are eight in number, four each on
either side of prusthavamsha.16This needs further rectification as per count of Mamsarajju. It
has been correlated with strong and long muscles present on either side of vertebral column
17
or rope like muscular structure.18Sushruta while explaining chikitsa of Parshukasthi
Bhagna, has used the word Mamsa Nibandhani. Dalhana has commented that the word
Mamsanibandhani is used with respect to Mamsarajju.19 The recent Ayurvedic scholars like
Vd. Atavale has stated, Mamsarajju as longissimus dorsi,17 B G Ghanekar as longissimus,
spinalis and illiocastalis20 and Prof K.R.Srikantamurthy as prevertebral and postvertebral
muscles of back.21
As there is no uniformity in the opinion of these authors, still there is a need to
understand for which structural component related to Prushta has been termed as
Mamsarajju. The exact meaning of Bahya and Abhyantara needs further evaluation whether
it should be taken as superficial and deep, anterior and posterior, internal and external or
lateral and medial to the vertebral column. According to anatomy textbooks of contemporary
science, there is elaborate explanation regarding structures present on the back of body in the
form of muscles, ligaments, bones, joints, fascia and related neurovascular structures. By
critically analyzing these structures, from Rachana point of view there is need to identify and
determine specific anatomical structure as Mamsarajju.
6.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Acharya Sushruta has explained the term Mamsarajju,as four in number, lie on either
side of the Prustavamsha two Bahya and Abhyantara, that which helps in binding the
Mamsa.1,4 Vruddha Vagbhata and Vagbhata also mentioned, these are four in number lie
either side of Prustavamsha.5,6 Mamsa is that structure which helps Shareera and Meda
Pusthi. 7,8 The word Rajju has been correlated with rope ,cord ,a lock of braided hair9 and the
structure which helps to bind.10 Peshi are structures which confer strength and working
capacity to the body.22 Snayu helps in binding Mamsa, Asthi, Meda,13 A simile has been said
by Sushruta as the planks of boat tied properly with ropes becomes capable of carrying load,
likewise all Sandhi in the body are tied with Snayu by which persons are capable of bearing
loads.23 Kandara are sixteen in number which does Akunchana and Prasarana of various parts
of the body.14 While enumerating Peshi, Sushruta has said that there are five Peshi on either
side of Prushta Urdwabhaga.24 Prushta, as the part which helps in standing forth
prominently.2
The supportive Marma points related to demarcation of Prushta, are fourteen in
number said in caudo cranial sequence25 Katikataruna situation in Shronikanda.26Amsa
Marma situated in between Skandha and Griva.27
According to modern science the structures on back of the body especially on either side
of vertebral column are in the form of muscles, ligaments, fascia, tendons and neurovascular
structures. The muscles of back are Splenius capitis, Splenius cervicis, Erector spinae,
Transverse spinalis Interspinalis Intertransversarii, Longus colli,Longus capitis,etc.29 The
Ligaments attached to vertebral column are anterior longitudinal ligament, posterior
longitudinal ligament, supraspinous ligament, Interspinous ligament, ligamentum flavum 29
There are 31 pairs of spinal nerves as 8 cervical, 12 thoracic, 5 lumbar, 5 sacral and 1
coccygeal pairs. each roughly corresponding to a segment of the vertebral column. The spinal
nerves are part of the peripheral nervous system and are emerges from spinal cord by through
lateral intervertebral foramina and divide immediately into anterior and posterior primary
rami on each side of it.29
The arteries which supplies blood to the back region are cervical branches of vertebral
artery, anterior and posterior spinal arteries,and radicular arteries28
Veins of the vertebral column from intricate plexuses along the entire column, external
vertebral venous plexuses, internal vertebral venous plexuses, basivertebral veins,
intervertebral veins.29
Thoracolumbar fascia covers the deep muscles of the back and the trunk. It passes
anterior to the serratus posterior inferior. In the lumbar region it present in three layers,
posterior, middle and anterior layers. The posterior and middle layers unite at the lateral
margin of erector spinae and at the lateral border of quadrutus lumborum they are joined by
the anterior layer to form the aponeurotic origin of transverses abdominis.29
Growth of the vertebral column is approximately 24 cms in length. Its growth is
influenced by sexual, hormonal, genetic, biomechanical and other factors.29
6.3 AIMS & OBJECTIVES
 Anatomical study of prushta and determination of specific structure as Mamsarajju.
7. MATERIALS & METHODS
7.1 SOURCE OF DATA
1. Conceptual study:
Literature related to Prushta and Mamsarajju, will be collected from classical texts,
modern anatomy text books, books and articles written by recent Ayurvedic scholars.
2. Observational study:
Three adult cadavers available in Department of Shareera Rachana, S.D.M. College of
Ayurveda, Hassan.
7.2 METHODS OF COLLECTION OF DATA
Dissection will be carried out on the back of the body specifically related with
structures which lie on either side of Prushtavamsha and correlating it with features of
Mamsarajju. Photograph of structures found in various layers will be taken and observation
will be critically analyzed as per the classical description of Mamsarajju.
7.3 Does this study requires any investigations or intervention to be
Conducted on patients or other humans or animals?
NO
7.4 Has the ethical clearance is obtained from your institution
YES
8. LIST OF REFERENCES
1. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia; 2011. p. 364
2. Bahadhur Radhakanthdeva. Shabdakalpadruma. 3rd ed. Varanasi: Chaukambha Sanskrit
Series Office; vol 3.1967. p. 231
3. Williams Monier M. A Sanskrit English Dictionary. New Delhi: Bharatiya Grantha
Niketan;2007 p.863
4. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia; 2011. p. 365
5. Sharma SP. Astanga Samgraha of vrddha vagbhata with sasilekha commentary of Indu,
Reprinted ed.Varanasi(india): chawkambha sanskrit series office; 2008 p.305
6. Sharma PV.Ashtang hrudayam of Vagbhata with Sarvanga sundara commentary of sri
Arunadatta & Ayurveda rasayana of Hemadri Reprint ed.Varanasi(India) Chaukambha
Orientalia;2011 p.388
7. Sharma PV.Ashtang hrudayam of Vagbhata with Sarvanga sundara commentary of sri
Arunadatta & Ayurveda rasayana of Hemadri Reprint ed.Varanasi(India) Chaukambha
Orientalia;2011 p.10
8. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia;2011. p. 67
9. Williams Monier M. A Sanskrit English Dictionary. New Delhi: Bharatiya Grantha
Niketan;2007.863
10.
Taranath
Tarkavachaspati
bhattacharya.Vachaspatyam
chowkhambha Sanskrit series office;1970 p. 4790
vol
6.ed.Varanasi(India)
11. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri
Dalhanacharya & the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by
Reprint ed. Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia;2011. p. 67
12. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri
Dalhanacharya & the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by
Reprint ed. Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia;2011. p. 67
13. Parsuram Shastri. Sharangadhara samhita with Dipika commentary of Adamalla &
Gudartha dipika of Kasirama vaidya vol 1ed.Varanasi(India):chawkhambha Orientalia;2002
p.52
14. Parsuram Shastri.Sharangadhara samhita with Dipika commentary of Adamalla &
Gudartha dipika of Kasirama vaidya vol 1ed.Varanasi(India):chawkhambha Orientalia;2002
p.56
15.Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia;2011. p. 678.
16.Shastri Ambikadatti k. Sushruta Samhita ed.Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Sanskrit
Sansthan; 2010. p. 365.
17. Atavale PG .Drushtartha Shareera. 1st ed. Hariyana: Natha Pustaka Bandara; vol 1 1980
p.84
18. Ramasundar Rao M. Shareera Rachana anatomy in ayuveda ed.Vijayawad(A.P) 2003 p.
437
19. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukhambha Orientalia;2011.p.417
20.Ghanekar B G. Sushruta Samhita. New Delhi (India): Meharchand Lachmandas
Publications; 1997. p. 154.
21. K.R.Srikantamurthy.Sushruta Samhita Vol 1
ed. Varanasi (india) Chaukambha
Orientalia; 2008. p. 83
22.Pandit Parsuram Shastri. Sharangadhara Samhita with Dipika commentary of Adamalla &
Gudartha dipika of Kasirama vaidya vol 1ed.Varanasi(India):chawkhambha Orientalia;2002
p.56
23.Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukhambha Orientalia;2011.p.367
24. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia;2011. p. 67
25. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia;2011. p. 374
26. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia;2011. p. 374
27. Sharma PV. Sushruta Samhita with Nibandhasangraha commentary of Sri Dalhanacharya
& the Nyayachandrika Panjika of Sri Gayadasacharya on Nidanasthana by Reprint ed.
Varanasi(India): Chaukambha Orientalia;2011. p. 373
28. Datta A K. Essentials of Human Anatomy. 5th ed. Kolkata (India): Current Books
International; part 2. 2010. p. 279.
29. Williams L Peter &warwick roger, Gray’s Anatomy.38th ed.Edinburgh: Churchill
livingstone;2000 p.809-812 p.1595 p.512 p.1258-62 p.536 p.814
9. SIGNATURE OF CANDIDATE
:
10. REMARKS OF GUIDE
:
11.
11.1. NAME AND DESIGNATION
GUIDE (IN BLOCK LETTERS)
: DR. UMA. B. GOPAL M D (AYU)
ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR
DEPARTMENT OF P.G. STUDIES IN
SHAREERA RACHANA
S.D.M.C.A & H, HASSAN
11.2. SIGNATURE
:
11.3. HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
: DR. B G KULKARNI M D (AYU)
ASSOCIATE PROF AND HEAD
DEPARTMENT OF P.G. STUDIES IN
SHAREERA RACHANA
S.D.M.C.A& H, HASSAN
11.4. SIGNATURE
:
12.
12.1. REMARKS OF THE CHAIRMAN
AND PRINCIPAL
12.2. PRINCIPAL
:
: DR. PRASANNA. N. RAO M. S. (AYU), Ph.D.
S.D.M. COLLEGE OF AYURVEDA AND
HOSPITAL HASSAN - 573 201
12.3. SIGNATURE WITH SEAL
: