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Florida FFA Association
Livestock Evaluation & Selection
Career Development Event
State Exam
2006
******Do Not Open Until Instructed to Begin******
Florida FFA Association
Livestock Evaluation & Selection Career Development Event
2006 State Exam
The following exam has fifty (50) multiple choice questions. Pick the selection that best
answers the question. Make sure to mark your scantron card completely without leaving
any stray marks. You have forty-five (45) minutes.
1. Which species was the first to be domesticated?
A. Cattle
B. Horses
C. Sheep
D. Swine
2. Feeds such as hay, silage, and pasture grass are referred to as:
A. Concentrates
B. Roughages
C. Supplements
D. None of the above
3. The process by which digested nutrients are taken into the bloodstream is referred to
as?
A. Absorption
B. Antimicrobial
C. Evaporation
D. Mastication
4. Which ruminant stomach compartment is known as the true stomach, where ingested
food is mixed with gastric juices?
A. Abomasum
B. Cecum
C. Omasum
D. Reticulum
5. Which term refers to mating two animals from different families within a breed?
A. Inbreeding
B. Linebreeding
C. Linecrossing
D. Outcrossing
6. Which term refers to the physical appearance of an animal?
A. Genotype
B. Heterosis
C. Meiosis
D. Phenotype
7. The process of giving birth is referred to as:
A. Fertilization
B. Gestation
C. Ovulation
D. Parturition
8. This term refers to the yield of closely trimmed, boneless retail cuts that come from the
major wholesale cuts of an animal carcass.
A. Cutability
B. Leanness
C. Quality
D. Palatability
9. The main objective of livestock waste management is to prevent ________________.
A. air pollution
B. financial losses
C. reproductive disorders
D. water pollution
10. Which type of livestock is the most efficient at converting feed to meat?
A. Beef
B. Goats
C. Sheep
D. Swine
11. Which term refers to an animal that naturally does not have horns?
A. castrated
B. dehorned
C. polled
D. halter broke
12. Which of the following is not a U.S.D.A. Beef Quality Grade?
A. Canner
B. Choice
C. Good
D. Utility
13. Which of the following is not used to determine the grade of feeder cattle?
A. Age
B. Frame size
C. Thickness
D. Thriftiness
14. Which is the U.S.D.A.’s highest degree of marbling?
A. Excessive
B. Moderate
C. Prime
D. Very Abundant
15. Which is the lowest U.S. Slaughter Beef Quality Grade?
A. Commercial
B. Cutter
C. Select
D. Utility
16. On a beef carcass, which of the following is considered a high-value wholesale cut?
A. Chuck
B. Flank
C. Rump
D. Shank
17. When evaluating a steer the term “finish” refers to:
A. Amount of fat cover on the animal
B. Amount of muscling on the animal
C. General structure and proportion of an animal’s body
D. Soundness of feet and legs
18. Which of the following is not considered a beef by-product?
A. Horns
B. Leather
C. Steaks
D. Tankage
19. Which term refers to the growing and feeding of calves from weaning until they are
ready to enter the feedlot?
A. Backgrounding
B. Conditioning
C. Fattening
D. Preconditioning
20. Which group of feeder cattle is between one and two years of age and 550 to 700
pounds?
A. Calves
B. Large framed
C. Older feeders
D. Yearlings
21. Which breed of beef cattle is red, white, or roan and known for its excellent milking
ability?
A. Angus
B. Brahman
C. Hereford
D. Shorthorn
22. Which species of cattle are more resistant to some diseases, parasites, and heat?
A Bos indicus
B. Bos scrofa
C. Bos taurus
D. Sus vittatus
23. Which type of beef production system involves feeding and fattening cattle for the
slaughter market?
A. Cattle feeders
B. Cow-calf producers
C. Farrow to finish producers
D. Purebred producers
24. Which of the following is a disease causing cows to abort late in their pregnancy?
A. Brucellosis
B. Ringworm
C. Roundworm
D. Shipping fever
25. Which beef evaluation term reflects the structural correctness of an animal’s feet and
legs?
A. Stronger top
B. Heavier muscled
C. More uniform finish
D. Freer moving
26. On a beef carcass, which of the following is not considered a high-value wholesale
cut?
A. Brisket
B. Loin
C. Rib
D. Round
27. What region of the United States produces over half of all hogs raised in the nation?
A. East
B. Midwest
C. South
D. West
28. Which breed of swine originated in England and is known for their muscling and
carcass leanness?
A. Duroc
B. Hampshire
C. Landrace
D. Yorkshire
29. Which of the following are U.S.D.A. Swine Slaughter Grades?
A. Prime, Choice, Select, Standard
B. Prime, Choice, Good, Utility, Cull
C. U.S. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
D. U.S. 1, 2, 3, 4, Utility
30. Which is the most commonly used method of swine identification?
A. Branding
B. Ear notching
C. Ear tagging
D. Tattoos
31. Which feed stuff is the most commonly used source of protein in swine rations?
A. Corn
B. Cottonseed meal
C. Rye
D. Soybean meal
32. The U.S.D.A. Grades of slaughter hogs are based on carcass quality and yield of the
following four lean cuts?
A. Belly, Boston butt, ham, and picnic shoulder
B. Boston butt, ham, picnic shoulder, and rump
C. Boston butt, ham, loin, and picnic shoulder
D. Belly, ham, loin, and shoulder
33. Which of the following is not a wholesale cut of pork?
A. Jowl
B. Picnic shoulder
C. Rack
D. Spareribs
34. Which of the following wholesale cuts of pork come from the belly?
A. Bacon
B. Chuck
C. Jowl
D. Loin
35. The four primal cuts of a hog carcass represent _____ percent of the total retail value
of the carcass.
A. 25
B. 50
C. 75
D. 95
36. Which term refers to the period before marketing in which medications should not be
given to swine?
A. disease resistance
B. specific pathogen free
C. medication free time
D. withdrawal time
37. From the illustration below determine this pig’s litter number based on the standard
swine ear notching system.
A. 4
B. 12
C. 38
D. 42
38. Which swine evaluation term refers to an animal that is freer of fat through its lower
body?
A. Larger structure
B. Sounder feet and legs
C. Trimmer underline
D. Wider top
39. Which swine evaluation term refers to an animal that has more internal body
capacity?
A. Cleaner over the loin edge
B. Deeper, wider sprung
C. Longer sided
D. More natural thickness
40. This health problem resulting in the sudden death of heavily muscled hogs is referred
to as:
A. (IDS) Instant Death Syndrome
B. (PSS) Porcine Stress Syndrome
C. (PSD) Porcine Stress Disorder
D. (SSS) Swine Stress Syndrome
41. A deficiency of ________ in baby pigs results in a condition called Anemia.
A. Calcium
B. Iron
C. Selenium
D. Phosphorus
42. Which breed of swine originated in England and is black in color with six white
points?
A. Berkshire
B. Chester White
C. Hereford
D. Poland China
43. Which ruminant stomach compartment contains millions of microbes that convert low
quality protein into amino acids needed by the animal?
A. Esophagus
B. Cecum
C. Omasum
D. Rumen
44. Which government agency regulates the use of feed additives and hormone implants?
A. American Medical Association
B. Federal Food and Drug Administration
C. Food Production and Inspection Branch
D. United States Department of Agriculture
45. Which term is used to describe the process of chewing and crushing of food?
A. Absorption
B. Mastication
C. Rumination
D. Regurgitation
46. Farrowing is the term used for the birthing process of which of these species?
A. Beef
B. Sheep
C. Swine
D. None of the above
47. Ruminants have ___________ stomach compartments.
A. one
B. two
C. three
D. four
48. Which term refers to the record of the ancestors of an animal?
A. Diary
B. Breeding log
C. Pedigree
D. Registration
49. Which is a tool used to administer a pill or bolus to an animal?
A. balling gun
B. disposable syringe
C. dose syringe
D. hypodermic needle
50. Which form of cattle identification is not permanent?
A. Branding
B. Ear tagging
C. Freeze branding
D. Tattooing
Before turning in your exam, double check that you have ended on number fifty (50) and
that your scantron card is free of eraser marks.