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IMPORTANT REVOLUTIONS
REVOLUTION
LEADERS
MAJOR CHANGES
BROUGHT ABOUT
IMPACT
Neolithic Revolution
(8000 BC)

Early hunters &
gatherers

Change from hunting
& gathering to settled
agriculture and
domestication of
animals

Birth of civilization
Scientific Revolution
(1500 - 1700)


Galileo
Sir Isaac Newton

Use of scientific
methods
Inventions

Changed peoples'
thinking leads to
enlightenment questioning;
inventions
Shift in trade center
to Atlantic
Mercantilism
Capitalism rises
Banking


Global Trade
Interdependence


Parliament controls
government in
England
English Bill of Rights
Important step in
evolution of British
democracy
Constitutional
monarchy


Commercial Revolution
(1600 - 1750)




Glorious Revolution
(1689)
French Revolution
(1789)


Robespierre
Napoleon
Bonaparte


Limited monarchy
Late French Republic
Latin American
Revolutions
(1800 - 1825)



Simon Bolivar
Hildalgo
San Martin

Independence from
Spain and Portugal



ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 1
In many Latin
American countries
strong military
leaders seized
control of the
governments.
U.S. intervened on
several occasions to
limited European
intervention in the
Western hemisphere
GEOGRAPHIC FEATURES - IMPACT
RIVERS
ex: Nile River - Egypt
Tigris - Euphrates
River
Indus River - India
MOUNTAINS
Himalyas
IMPACT
 provided transportation
for trade
 fertile soil
 water for irrigation
 personal use & food
 protection; divides India
from China
DESERTS
ex: Sahara Desert N. Africa
Gobi Desert - China

GRASSLANDS
Savannahs

ISLANDS
Japan - near Asia
Great Britain - near
Europe


CLIMATE
Tundra Frigid near North Pole
Tropical near equator
Monsoons - seasonal
winds
India and SE Asia




Aryan invaders
came through
Khyber Pass
African Kingdom

cultural diffusion
irregular coastline for
harbors and trading
protection from armies
and war (invasion)




sparsely populated


tropical rainforests
summer monsoons bring
rainfall for farming in
India and SE Asia
LOCATION
Mediterranean Sea

Atlantic Ocean

center of trade - Roman
Empire
became center of trade;
at time of commercial
Revolution
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 2
early river valley
civilizations
dry - lack water for
farming
sparsely populated
growing desertification
due to overuse
Mongols in Central Asia

Indian Ocean

Mongols used
horses to expand
their empire
Japan influenced
by Chinese
culture
W. W. II
Peter the Great of
Russia sought ice
free ports
NATURAL RESOURCES
Germany - iron ore,
coal
Great Britain - iron ore,
coal
Middle East - oil
South Africa - gold,
diamonds
Africa
Japan lacks resources
so became imperialist in
W.W. II and trades
extensively today
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 3

industrialization

industrialization

trade for other products

attracted European
imperialists

helped Industrial
Revolution to
start in England
PHYSICAL SETTING - REVIEW
AREA
Europe
Some Countries:
1. Great Britain
2. France................
Germany............
Spain.................
Greece...........................
Eastern Europe
Poland, Czech Republic,
Slovakia
Middle East
Countries:
Israel
Jordan
Syria
Lebanon
Saudi Arabia
Iran, Iraq, etc.
PHYSICAL FEATURES
1) irregular coastline
2) European Plain 1,2000 miles eastward
from Belgium to old Soviet
Union
1. Good harbors, ports
Good for trade
2. Invasions - Hitler and
Napoleon invaded Russia
along this Plain
3) SEAS - Mediterranean
Baltic, North Sea
3. Renaissance started in
Italy because of its
strategic location in
Mediterranean
1) Deserts - Sahara (acts
as a physical barrier North & South Africa.
2) Strategic waterways
Suez Canal, Persian Gulf
3) Resources - oil
1. Lack of water
influence where people
live
2. political struggles in
the Middle East.
3. Persian Gulf war - Iraq
invades Kuwait.
Iran - Iraq war 1980's
World (UN) involvement
4. Earliest civilization
began along the Nile,
Tigris and Euphrates.
4) River ValleysTigrus/Nile/Euphrates
Africa
1) Sahara Desert
Northern Africa considered
part of the Middle East
2) Coastline - regular,
lacks natural
Subsaharan Africa ne
Countries:
3) Nile (World's longest
Angola, Kenya, S. Africa
river)
4) Rich in minerals
Resources diamonds, gold, etc.
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 4
HISTORICAL IMPACT
1. Divides Africa into 2
distinctive areas
2. Made trade difficult.
Protection from SEA
invasion.
3. River Civilization Egypt's great civilizations.
4. Attracted European
Imperialists (Boer War) in
South Africa.
AREA
East Asia
China
Southeast Asia
Some countries are:
Thailand, Cambodia,
Vietnam
Indonesia
Philippines
PHYSICAL FEATURES
1) Mountains - Himalayas
(Highest in the world)
HISTORICAL IMPACT
1. Isolated China from the
rest of the world Ethnocentric
2) Gobi - Desert................ 2. China believed they
were superior to others Middle Kingdom
3) Yellow River Hwang
He), Yangtze River.............
3. Earliest civilizations
started in this area.
Eastern 1/3 of China holds most of the
population.
1) Monsoons - winds that
bring rain
2) Strategic location.........
1. Farming important
3. European Imperialism
1500's - spices
2. Shortest trade route
between Pacific and Indian
Oceans
Traders and merchants
3. Resources - lumber
India
1) Himalaya Mountains
2) River Valleys Indus
Ganges
3) Deccan Plateau
(Population centers)
4) Monsoons - winds that
blow over the region and
bring rain in the summer.
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 5
1. Separates India from
the rest of Asia. Different
language, culture, etc.
2. Early civilization
developed along Indus;
Ganges sacred to Hindus
3. India's food supply has
been impacted.
The monsoons - too much
= flooding,
too little = drought.
AREA
Russia
Latin America
PHYSICAL FEATURES
1) Climate - Long cold
winters, short mild
summers
Short growing season
2) Rich in natural
resources - oil, lumber,
iron, coal
3) Plains/steppes.............
1) Mountains - Andes
2) Grasslands and Plains
(Pampas - Argentina)
3) Rainforests in Brazil
4) Amazon River (2nd
longest)
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 6
HISTORICAL IMPACT
1. Frozen waterways
influenced Russia to seek
warm water ports. Peter
the Great.
2. Developed distinctive
culture - primary
influence: Byzantine
Empire.
3. Invasion by Napolean
and Hitler.
Ukraine - farming
1. European Exploration seeking gold, glory, and
God.
2. Good farming areas
3. Provide lumber and
other resources.
4. Hinder transportation
and commerce.
MIGRATION OF PEOPLES
People/dates
Germanic tribes
Barbarian Invasion
of Roman Empire
Nomadic groups from
Central Asia on Han
Dynasty
Crusaders
Mongols
Africans in Slave Trade
Irish During Famine
Farm Workers during
Industrial Revolution
Workers moving to cities
in LDC today
Hindus and Muslims on
Indian Subcontinent
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 7
Reason for moving
(voluntary or forced)
"Forced" 300's
Hun move west from
Central Asia forcing
Germanic Tribes into
Roman Empire
Impact on the region
moved to
Turmoil - Dark Ages - rise
of feudalism
Rome sacked 476
Decline of Roman Empire
Cultural Diffusion
Voluntary 1096-1291
Attempt by Christians to
regain the "Holy Land"
War
Cultural Diffusion - new
ideas
Trade
Renaissance
War
Tolerant of conquered
people
Trade
Cultural Diffusion
Cultural Diffusion
Economic systems
Provided labor on
plantations in Latin
America, Caribbean
Islands
Provided labor on U.S.
railroads, in shops and on
farms.
Labor in England's
factories
Voluntary 1200's
Mongols seeking to
expand empire from
Central Asia into - India,
China, eastern Europe
Forced 1500-1800
Africans removed from
villages to areas in South,
Central, and North
America
Voluntary
Blight on potato led to loss
of land and food starvation.
People emigrated to U.S.
and England to get jobs
and a new start in life
Voluntary
Due to Agricultural
Revolution fewer farmers
needed so they moved to
cities to get jobs in the
factories.
Urbanization
Voluntary
At the time of
independence from U.K.
(1947) India was
partitioned - Hindus in
India and Muslims in
Pakistan
Cities grew - at first
workers lived in slums and
poor living conditions but
later worked way up to
improved housing.
There is still unrest in
both countries on the part
of the minority religions.
People/dates
Arabs and Jews and
creation of Israel
Kurds in Iraq and Turkey
Hutus and Tutsi in Africa
Refugees moving due to
civil wars
Yugoslavia
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 8
Reason for moving
(voluntary or forced)
Voluntary
Both want the same land
for homeland.
Jews came to Israel in
greater numbers after
W.W. I and II - Holocaust
Arabs there claim the
land.
Voluntary
Kurds want a homeland
but Iraq and Turkey will
not give them land in the
area where they are a
majority.
Civil wars forced ethnic
groups to move as they
search for safety and a
right to a place for their
group.
Impact on the region
moved to
Conflict in Middle East.
Since both Arabs and
Jews want homeland
Led to conflict and wars
over territory and
Jerusalem.
Conflict
Saddam Hussein has
attempted to eliminate
them and stop their
pressure for Kurdistan homeland.
Refugees often are located
in camps until more
permanent residence can
be found.
Relocation - hardship
NATIONALISM
Historically, Nationalism has been a force that united ethnic groups and nations of
people with common languages and history and divided empires comprised of
various ethnic groups.
Nationalism can mean loyalty to or pride in ones country
OR
Nationalism can mean I want to rule my own nation and not be ruled by another
country or group of people, this leads to independence movements.
NATIONALISM AS
A UNIFYING
FORCE
Unification of
Germany
1871
Unification of Italy
1859-1870
Nationalism leads
to conflict in World
War I
Conflict in World
War II
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 9
DESCRIBE THE
EVENT/FORCE
Bismarck
"blood & iron" to
unite Germany
Prussia vs Austria
Prussia vs France
Cavour - "brains"
wants to unify Italy
 Mazzini - "soul"
 Garibaldi "sword" - North
unifies with South
 Slavic groups in
Balkans want to be
united and
independent of
Austria
 Germany and
France hate each
other because of
Franc's defeat in
Franco Prussian
War
 Germans united
in desire to get
revenge for defeat
in W.W. I
 Nazi plan to take
over Europe
MAJOR CHANGES
BROUGHT ABOUT
Unification of
Germany
IMPACT
Germany gains
power - militarily
and economically
Rivalries between
 regions
 had to deal with
pope
 a cause of W.W. I
 a cause of W.W. II
NATIONALISM
DIVIDES
Austrian Empire
Austria-Hungary
DESCRIBE THE
EVENT/FORCE
 AustroHungarian Empire
- many ethnic
groups brought
together (Austrian,
Serbs, Slavs)
 Split into two
independent states
(Austria and
Hungary) 1866
 Nationalist
disputes continued
MAJOR CHANGES
BROUGHT ABOUT
 After W.W.I
Austria-Hungary
Empire separated
into nations-states.
Czechoslovakia
Yugoslavia
Hungary
Austria
Ottoman Empire
 Many ethnic
groups under the
control of Sultan
Yugoslavia:
Bosnia/Kosovo
1990's
 Ethnic tensions
flare up between
Serbs, Muslims,
and Croats
 Each republic
wants
independence
 Due to
Gorbachev's
reforms in U.S.S.R.
- republics declare
independence
 U.S.S.R. tries to
stop, but does not
work
 Changes in USSR
under Gorbachev
(Glasnost,
Perestroika) create
fever for positive
change
 Republics and
Satellite countries
feel nationalism want their own
country.
 After defeat in
W.W. I, Ottoman is
divided protectorates are
established
 war torn
 Republics break
from Yugoslavia
U.S.S.R.: 1990
Lithuania Estonia,
Latvia (Baltic
states)
Ukraine
Georgia
Eastern European
Nations
Poland
1989
Hungary
1989
Bulgaria
1989
Czechoslovakia
1989
Romania
E. Germany 1989
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 10
IMPACT
 Austrian empire
is disbanded
 Turkey emerges
and begins to
modernize
 Ethnic cleansing
(Serbs kill 1,000's
of non-serbs)
Bosnia
 U.S.S.R. breaks
up
 15 independent
republics break
from U.S.S.R.
form CIS
 no more U.S.S.R.
 Gorbachev
resigned in 1991
 USSR breaks up
 many new
European
countries spring up
 USSR backs out
of Eastern
European controls
 End of USSR
control of Eastern
Europe
 Market economy
 Fragile democracy
NATIONALISM
LEADS TO
INDEPENDENCE
MOVEMENT
India
1947
DESCRIBE THE
EVENT/FORCE
MAJOR CHANGES
BROUGHT ABOUT
IMPACT
 after W.W.II
nationalism
movement gains
momentum
 Gandhi led fight
against British
imperialism
 method -nonviolent, non-
 partition of
British India into
India (Hindus)
Pakistan (Muslims)
 Independent
India continued to
show impact of
British rule in
government
(parliamentary
democracy)
 gained
independence after
W.W.II
 face many
problems
 fragile
governments
 developing
economies
 Civil war between
N. Vietnam backed
by communist
USSR and S.
Vietnam backed by
French and USA.
 long war
 Vietnam is united
under Communism
1975
 foreign influence
is pushed out.
cooperation
-passive resistance
-boycott of British
goods
-Salt march
African nations
Kenya
Ghana
Zimbabwe
Vietnam
Ho Chi Minh
1954-1973
 Kenyatta
NKurmah led
independence
movement against
European
imperialism
Conclusion:
What 3 conclusions can you draw from the information about nationalism?
1.
2.
3.
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 11
New Imperialism
What: developed countries (mother country) take over less developed areas
after the Industrial Revolution (19th century)
Compare to old imperialism: Spain, England, France  New World - 16th
century
Who: England
France
Belgium
Germany
When: 19th century
- after Industrial
Revolution
Why: Economic - raw materials for factories, markets
Political - (Power struggle) National pride
White man's burden
Spread religion
Social Darwinism - racist- thought they were superior
Technology - made it possible to control and develop
New Imperialism
Where
Africa- Dark
Continent
Before Europeans
explored coastdifficult to penetrate
of interior due to
smooth coastline
and unnavigable
rivers
 1870-1914 renewed interest
due to
industrialization 
scramble for Africa
 Result-all of Africa
(except Ethiopia &
Liberia) claimed by
European countries:
England, France,
Germany
RhodesBerlin Conference
drew boundaries by
European power.
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 12
India - 1800's British East India
Co. controlled
much of India
 Sepoy Mutiny
- 1857 - Indian
soldiers rebelled
against British
officers.
Crushed and
British government
took control.
Nationalist
movements start in
1880's
China - advanced
civilization - but
isolated and fell
behind Europe.
 Opium War 1839-1842.
British defeated
China. China was
forced to allow
sale of opium and
to open ports to
trade.
 "Spheres of
influence"
Japan
France
Britain
China
China weak
Boxer Rebellion
Chinese try to
drive out
foreigners but fail
Southeast Asia French, Dutch,
English take
control of islands
and areas in SE
Asia for the
resources and
trade stations.
Evaluation of imperialism: List POSITIVE effects of imperialism
on mother country
European countries got cheap raw
materials, labor and markets for their
manufactured goods.
on colony
1) Europeans introduced modern
transportation and communication
(r.r., telephone, steamships)
2) Also improved medical and nutrition
3) Improved education and economic
opportunities for a small minority
Evaluation of imperialism: List NEGATIVE effects of imperialism
on mother country
Cost to maintain army and navy and to
provide government administrators
on colony
Africa carved up with no regard for
tribal boundaries. This led to conflict
in many countries.
Africans/Indians treated as inferior to
Europeans.
Native people worked long hours, low
pay.
Europeans had little regard for native
culture and traditions.
Identify:
Perry's opening of Japan - ended Japanese isolation; opening of Japanese
ports, trade.
Meiji restoration - Modernized (Western technology); Military built up.
Emperor has the power; feudalism abolished.
Reasons for Japanese imperialism - needed raw materials.
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 13
HUMAN RIGHTS VIOLATIONS
GROUP/VIOLATION
APARTHEID
SOUTH AFRICA
Separation of the
races
Legal
1944-1994
DISSIDENTS IN
SOVIET UNION
A person who
disagrees with the
government
GENOCIDE IN
YUGOSLAVIA
1995
GENOCIDE IN
CAMBODIA
1975
KURDS IN
IRAQ/TURKEY
1990's
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 14
DESCRIBE EVENT
 made into law
 blacks lived in
homelands or town ships
 blacks worked in
mines (did manual
labor jobs)
 use of passbooks
 poor/substandard
education
 blacks often jailed
 wrote articles and
books for
underground
newspapers
 underground
groups/organization
they belonged to
 Bosnia - a part of
the former
Yugoslavia;
wanted
independence.
Serbia did not want
this to happen.
They carried out
ethnic cleansing
against the Muslims.
Pol Pot tried to make
Cambodia selfsufficient. Moved
Cambodian to
countryside;
genocide
 Saddam Hussein
tried to get rid of this
group
 Launched poison
gas attacks against
their villages
 drained their water
supplies
CAUSES
 white minority
wanted all white rule
and to
 racism
 Social Darwinism
 no freedom under a
communist system
 desired a
democratic change
 Centuries of ethnic
problems between
1) Muslims
2) Croats
3) Serbs
 religious tension
 land disputes
 Pol Pot, a
communist leader
did not like foreign
influence and
U.S. bombing of the
nation during
Vietnam war
 Kurds desire selfdetermination
 they are a distinct
ethnic, language
group in Iraq and
Turkey
ACTIONS TAKEN
 Mandela and A.N.C.
urged non-violent
protests
 adapted violent
tactics eventually
 International
sanctions
- no trade
- businesses
divested
1994 - new
constitution gave
blacks right to vote
and Mandela elected
President
 Government
punished dissidents
by putting them in
work camps in
Siberia
 Exiled them to
other nations
 NATO sent in
peace-keeping troops
 U.S. sponsored a
peace treaty - Dayton
Peace Accord
 International
tribunal set up to try
suspects of human
rights violations
(ethnic cleansing)
 Vietnam invaded
Cambodia
 genocide ended
 today there is
discussion of setting
up a war crimes
tribunal of the
Khmer Rouge
 safe havens have
been created
 U.S. enters no-fly
zones against Iraqi
aircraft to protect the
Kurds from air
attacks
GROUP/VIOLATION
DESCRIBE EVENT
CAUSES
ACTIONS TAKEN
HOLOCAUST
GERMANY
1939-1945
Also killed other
groups:
E. Europeans
Gypsies
Handicapped
Homosexuals
 laws imposing legal
discrimination
 moving Jews to
ghettos
 moving Jews to
work camps
 The Final Solution:
extermination of all
Jews in Europe
 age-old
anti-Semitism
 scapegoating of
Jews after W.W.I
 Nuremburg Trials
POLITICAL
OPPRESSION
CHINA
1989
 Tianamen Square
Incident - students
protested and called
for democratic
change. Government
responded by jailing
and killing students
 lack of freedom
under communism
 desire for
democracy
 International
Community
responded with
expressions of
concern
 U.S. threatened to
not renew preferred
trade status to China
RELIGIOUS
PERSECUTION
Different religious
groups throughout
history have been
persecuted for their
beliefs
Examples:
 Anti-Semitism
against Jews.
 Hatred of
Christians by the
Romans
 Protestants vs.
Catholics in Middle
Ages ......................
 Stalin was fearful of
Ukrainian
nationalism
(continued)
 Protestants vs.
Catholics in
Northern Ireland
 Ethnic cleansing of
Muslims in Bosnia
(Yugoslavia) .............
(continued)
 Hatred of Muslims
by Christians during
the Crusades
 The farmer of the
Ukraine did not like
Stalin's collectivation
plan.
 The farmers
destroyed their
animals and crops in
anger over the plan.
 Ethnic tension and
hatred
 President of
Rwanda is killed in
plane crash
 Nothing
Many people/nations
did not realize what
had happened
because it was
covered up.
UKRAINIAN
FAMINE
SOVIET UNION
1930's
RWANDA
GENOCIDE
IN RWANDA
1990's
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 15
 Hutus begin
genocide of Tutsi
 Tutsi's get help and
attach Hutus
 Hutus become
refugees in
neighboring nations
 punished Hutus
who committed
genocide
 set up war crimes
tribunal to try
suspects
Global History
Name
UNIT I
4000 B.C. - 500 A.D.
Characteristics
CIVILIZATION
Impact of Geography
River Valley Civilizations
& Contributions
Indus
Nile/Egypt
India
Tigris & Euphrates
Mesopotamia
Rise and Fall of
Classical Civilization
Rome
Greece
Contributions
Huang He
Contributions
Fall of Roman Empire
China
Athens
Han Dynasty Mauryan
(China)
Empire
(India)
Sparta
Contributions
Daoism
Confucianism
Major Belief Systems
(Religions)
Buddhism
Shintoism
Animism
Jainism
Hinduism
Judaism
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 16
Mayans
Contributions
Christianity
Islam
UNIT II & III
Change & Interaction 500 - 1500
Rise of Empires
Golden Ages
 African
empire - trade
Maps of empires,
trade routes
Middle Ages
Mongol Empire
 Byzantine  Gupta
(E. Europe- (India)
Asia)
 Islamic
(Middle
East)
Interaction - Trade & Travel
 Tang/Song
(China)
 Resurgence Marco
of trade in
Polo
Europe
 Portugese
space trade
 Commercial
Revolution
following the
feudalism
Compare to
to Japan Tokugawa
shogunate
role of Church
Decline
1300
Crusades
causes
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 17
Europe
Ibn
Battuta
global impact
Black Death
UNIT III & IV
Connecting Hemispheres
1200 - 1650
Spain Before
Europe's Age of Transition
The Encounter
Renaissance
Causes
Reformation
Scientific
Revolution
Exploration
Causes Results
Pre-Columbian
Civilization in the
Americas
Important
People
Aztec
Maya Inca
(earlier)
African Kingdoms prior
to the arrival of
Europeans
Benin
West Africa
Mali
Ghana
Colombian Exchange
& Global Impact of
Encounter
colonialism
encomienda
system
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 18
triangular trade
mercantilism
(earlier
500-1600)
East African
cities trade
Songhai Axum
Atlantic Slave Trade &
Its Impact
UNIT IV & IVA: Age of revolution: Political Revolutions,
Absolution to Revolution and Democracy
Latin American
Independence
Movements
Dictators
and landed
elite's rule
causes leaders impact
Important
documents
Evolution of
Democracy in
England
Absolutism to Revolution to
Democracy
Scientific Revolution
Divine Right
Absolutism
Enlightenment
French Revolution
Philip II
Akbar
Elizabeth I
Louis XIV
Sulieman
(Ottoman)
Peter
the
Great
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 19
Causes
(Mughal)
Reaction to
revolution Congress of Vienna
Impact
on France and
other countries
Napolean and his impact
Global History
Mrs. Noonan
Post World War II
Cold War in Europe
Define: Cold War:
UN established
Arms Race
Confrontations
A-bomb
nuclear power
threat
Berlin blockade &
airlift
“Iron Curtain”
The Cold War
Space Race
Division of Europe
U.S. &
U.S.S.R. &
Soviet satellites
Eastern Europe
Yugoslavia
- Marshall Plan
Western - containment
Powers - Truman
Doc
NATO
Tito
nonaligned
W arsaw Pact
Problems
Hungary
Czechoslovakia
Comparison of Superpowers
U.S.
Political
system &
Rights
Economic
System
Alliances empire
Goals
Confrontations
Berlin
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 21
U.S.S.R.
Cold War in Asia (1945 Korea
China
Indochina
Communist Rev. of 1949
2 Chinas
Viet Nam War
Korean War (1950-53)
N. Korea (China)
invaded S. Korea (UN & U.S.)
Present: Divided at 38
(N. Korea - Communist
S. Korea)
Ho Chi Minh led N. Viet Nam
vs
S. Viet Nam
support by U.S.
_
Republic of China
Nationalist
- Chiang Kaishek
- supported by U.S.
- Taiwan
People’s Republic of China
Communist
- Mainland
- supported by USSR (until 1959)
- Mao Zedong
Cold War in Developing Nations/Nonaligned Nations/LDC
Latin America
 Cuban Revolution (1959
Castro - communist support
- U.S. Opposition
(Bay of Pigs)
 Cuban Missile Crisis (1962)
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 22
Middle East
 Afghanistan
Soviet invasion to
support Afghan Communist
vs
Rebels - U.S. support with
grain embargo
(similar to Viet Nam)
GLOBAL HISTORY
NAME
Mrs. Noonan
Illustrated Timeline 500 - 1200
Use p. 336 in textbook + (add)
for Europe
500 - Germanic tribes dominate Western Europe
732
- Franks stop Muslims at Tours
800
- Charlemagne crowned Holy Roman Emperor
900
- Feudalism, and Manorialism develop. Viking attack.
Pope Gregory VII excommunicates HRE Henry IV
1095-1295 - Crusades
1100 - Ec. revival, towns, guilds
1271 - Marco Polo leaves Venice for China
1347 - Black Death breaks out in Italy
for Eastern Europe
527 - (Byzantine Emperor) Justinian’s reign begins
1054 - Split in Christian Church
for China
Song golden age begins
Genghis Khan
1279 - Mongol (under Kublai Khan) conquest of China completed.
for Africa
600’s - Islam spread to North Africa
Emperor Mansa Musa’s pilgrimage to Mecca
for Middie East
622 - Muhammad’s hejra
750 - Abassid dynasty begins
Ibn Battuta
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 23
BELIEF SYSTEMS
RELIGION
WHERE IT
IS FOUND
MAJOR BELIEFS
IMPACT
Traditional
Africa
Spirits exist in nature.
Interpret and view natural
forces and patterns of nature.
Started in
India, spread
to China &
Korea &
Japan
Achieve nirvana (complete peace & harmony).
Four Noble Truths - eliminating attachment to
worldly things.
Eightfold path - right speech; right meditation.
Meditation important.
Cultural diffusion - spread
from India.
Europe & N &
S. America.
One God; Jesus Christ, son of God, died to
save humanity.
Follow the teachings of Christ in bible.
10 Commandments & love neighbor + God.
Ancient China
Natural order, harmony, and good government.
Strong family relationships.
Relationships - superior and inferior.
Respect for parents & elders (for superior).
Love and responsibility (for inferior).
Unified people in Latin
America.
Led to conflict in the
Crusades; Protestant
Reformation.
Medieval & Renaissance art &
architecture.
Influenced Chinese
government; education
Mandate of Heaven.
China; East
Asia
Philosophy based on thinking of Laozi
People are guided by the dao (universal force or
the way).
Live simply and in harmony with nature.
Influenced some ancient
Chinese leaders.
Study of natural world led to
advances in science.
India;
Southeast
Asia
Reincarnation - soul never dies but is
continually reborn.
Karma behavior in life.
Achieve happiness and enlightenment after
freeing self from earthly desires - which comes
from a lifetime of worship, knowledge, virtuous
acts.
5 Pillars
There is one God, Allah; Mohammad is his
prophet
Prayer 5 times a day facing Mecca
Pilgrimage to Mecca
Fasting during month of Ramadan
Almsgiving
Monotheistic - there is one God who loves and
protects his chosen people.
Serve God by studying the Torah and living by
its teachings
Caste system.
Conflict in Partition of India.
Sacred object - Ganges River,
Cow (don't eat beef).
ANIMISM
BUDDHISM
CHRISTIANITY
CONFUCIANISM
DAOISM
HINDUISM
ISLAM
JUDAISM
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 24
Middle East;
Africa,
Pakistan, S.E.
Asia
Israel
U.S.
began in
Canaan (ME)
2000 B.C.
Unified people in Middle East
Conflict in Crusades; partition
of India.
No alcohol and pork.
Diaspora - Jews spread.
Anti-Semitism in Med.
Europe.
Jews persecuted. ex:
Holocaust, pogroms in
Russia.
1948 - Israel created &
conflict.
GLOBAL HISTORY II
Mrs. Noonan
Characteristics
Causes
Political (gov't)
Social (class)
Economic
Name
COMPARING REVOLUTIONS
French
Russian
Chinese
Revolution
Revolution
Revolution
1789-1814
1917
1949
-Louis XVI
-absolute monarch
-divine right
-no rights for the
people
-rigid class system
-unfair tax system
-3rd estate paid
gov't was bankrupt
-Czar Nicholas II
was absolute
monarch
-noble wealth - gap
peasant poor
peasants wanted land
-weak Manchu
emperors-overthrown
in 1911-12 rev.
revolution - Sun Yatsen - heads Chinese
Republic
-opposition from war
lords
Iranian
Revolution
1979
Shah Pahlavi
absolute monarch
tried to westernize
-losses in W.W.I
-peasants poorlandowners wealthy
Role of
New Ideas
-John Locke
-Enlightenment ideas
Moderate Phase
-3rd estate-middle class
-bourgeoisie
-Dec. of Rts of Man
-limited monarchy
Radical Phase
-Robespierre - led
Reign of Terror
-1st French Republic
democratic gov't.
Results
strong man rule
-Emperor Napolean I
-Nationalism rose
-Code Napolean
-defeated 1814
-Nov. Revolution
-Lenin & Communist
party
- takes Russia out of
W.W. I
-land owned by gov't
-Stalin - communist
dictator
-5 Year Plans
-purges opposition
Other
(you choose)
-"Liberty, equality and
fraternity"
-Lenin - "Peace, Bread,
Land"
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 25
-Karl Marx's
Communist
Manifesto
-everyone equal econ.
-March Revolution
-provisional gov't.
-ideas of Marx Communism
Islamic clerics urge
a return to Islamic
fundamentalism
-Chiang Kai-shek &
Nationalist split - Mao
who leads
communists on Long
March (1934-35)
Nationalists &
Communists stopped
fighting each other
during WWII to face
Japan. After WWII
fighting returned. In
1949 Communist
victorious.
-Mao & Communist
controls mainland
China
Chiang Kai-shek and
Nationalist forced to
Taiwan
Mao sets up
communist system communes
Great Leap Forward
-Moderates lose to
Khomieni and the
Islamic
fundamentalist
-Ayatollah Khomeini
established Islamic Republicopposed
westernization,
reduced women's
rights, took
American embassyhostages taken
Constitution based
on the Koran
Global History
Name
The First Global Age - Connecting Hemispheres -
1200 - 1650
Europe's Age of Transition
The Encounter
Renaissance
Causes
Reformation
Scientific
Exploration
Revolution
Causes Results
Pre-Columbian
Civilization in the
Americas
Important
People
Aztec
Maya Inca
(earlier)
African Kingdoms prior
to the arrival of
Europeans
Benin
West Africa
Mali
Ghana
Colombian Exchange
& Global Impact of
Encounter
colonialism
encomienda
system
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 26
triangular trade
mercantilism
(earlier)
(500-1600)
East African
cities trade
Songhai Axum
Atlantic Slave Trade &
Its Impact
Global History
Name
The First Global Age - Connecting Hemispheres -
1200 - 1650
Europe's Age of Transition
The Encounter
Renaissance
Causes
Reformation
Exploration
Causes Results
Pre-Columbian
Civilization in the
Americas
Important
People
Aztec
ssglohi9 / 06/29/17 / 27
Maya Inca
(earlier)
Colombian Exchange
& Global Impact of
Encounter
colonialism
encomienda
system
cultural
diffusion
Rise of
mercantilism
Transatlantic
slave trade
Global History
Rise of Empires & Golden ages 500 - 1500
Golden Age: period of peace, prosperity, trade; achievements in art, architecture, literature,
math, science, technology
 Byzantine Empire (Eastern Roman Empire)
Constantinople capital and center of trade
Emperor Justinian (absolute monarch golden age)
 preserved and modified Roman laws
(Code of Justinian)
 preserved Roman and Greek learning,
architecture, engineering
 Eastern Orthodox Christianity
 built Hagia Sophia
 Arts (mosaics, icons)
 spread culture and religion into Russia (Kiev) and Eastern Europe
 fell in 1453 - conquered by neighbors (Islamic Empire)
 Islamic Empire (Arab Empire)
 located North Africa, Middle East (Arabian Peninsula, Persia) into Spain)
 Islam introduced by Mohammed (- 622 Mecca to Medina and spread)
 Golden Age
 Greek and Latin texts
 math - developed Arabic numbers, borrowed concept of Zero, algebra, and
geometry.
 medicine, science, astronomy, navigation
 mosques, palaces, decorated with mosaics, calligraphy, geometrical designs
(Dome of Rock mosque)
 weakened by invasions
 Gupta Empire - India
 Golden Age of Hindu culture
 math, (zero) infinity, decimal system, physics, medical, literature, art
 built stupas (Buddhist shrines), Hindu temples
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 China
 Tang and Song dynasties
 after Han dynasty collapsed
 claimed mandate of heaven (divine right)
 expanded empire into Korea, Manchuria, and parts of Central Asia
 build roads, canals, trade
 redistributed land to peasants
 imperial bureaucracy - civil service exam reestablished
 Golden Age - block printing, porcelain, painting on silk paper, gunpowder,
Abacus, compass, poetry
 Influenced Japan - writing, Confucianism, Buddhism. Japan's Golden
Age - Heian Period - art and literature
 African Kingdoms
 West African Kingdoms:
 gold salt trade - North African caravans crossed the Sahara Desert to get gold
from West Africans who needed salt.
 Ghana - taxed the gold and salt trade
 Mali - controlled the gold mines
- Mansa Musa - Muslim - pilgrimage to Mecca - Arab schools
- Timbuktu
- Songhai - conquered Mali Kingdom and expanded trade
 Other African Kingdoms: Benin, Zimbabwe, Ethiopia
 Asian Empires
 Mongol Empire (Eurasia or Central Asia)
 Genghis Khan - united Mongol tribes and the Mongols conquered
1) China
Kublai Khan united China, Yuan dynasty
Italian - Marco Polo
Arab - Ibn Battuta
2) India
Mughal dynasty ( 1526-1707)
Akbar
Shah Jahon (Taj Mahal)
3) Russia
Mongols conquered Russia in
1200's and ruled for 200 years
until Tsar Ivan the Great declared
independence for Moscow in 1480.
4) Southwest and Central Asia
SS GH Review packets June 2000.doc
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SS GH Review packets June 2000.doc
started 6/19/00
06/29/17
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