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[Type text] CARBOHYDRATES 1. The grid below contains the names of various carbohydrates: A B C sucrose glucose starch Which box or boxes contains a carbohydrate that a. is a disaccharide? b. gives a blue / black colour with iodine solution? c. has the molecular formula C6H12O6? d. is a monosaccharide? e. reacts with Benedict’s solution and is a monosaccharide? f. is a disaccharide and does not react with Benedict’s solution? g. is a polysaccharide? h. is hydrolysed by acid to glucose only? i. is a polymer of glucose? j. has the molecular formula C12H22O11? k. has the formula (C6H10O5)n where n has the value of several thousand? l. does not react with either Benedict’s solution or iodine solution? ETHANOL 1. Ethanol is the second member of the homologous series of alkanols. The general formula for the members of this series is CnH2n+1OH, where n = 1, 2, 3, 4 etc. When ethanol burns heat is produced, the quantity of heat being 1367 kJ for every mole of ethanol burned. The following table gives the quantity of heat produced for the first four members of the homologous series of alkanols -1- [Type text] Name of alkanol Formula Quantity of heat produced on burning / kJ mol-1 726 1367 2021 2676 Methanol Ethanol Propan-1-ol Butan-1-ol a) Enter formulae for the above alkanols. b) Using graph paper draw a bar chart of “Quantity of heat produced on burning” against “Name of alkanol”. c) Estimate the quantity of heat that would be produced if 1 mole of pentan-1-ol was burned. ALCOHOLS, CARBOXYLIC ACIDS AND ESTERS 1. Name the following alkanols a) CH3CH2OH b) CH3CH2CH2CH2OH c) CH3CH2CH(OH)CH2CH2CH3 d) CH3CH(OH)CH2CH2CH2CH3 e) CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3 f) CH3CH(OH)CH(CH3)CH3 g) CH3CH(OH)CH2CH2CH2CH3 h) CH3CH(OH)CH3 -2- [Type text] 2. Name the following alkanoic acids a) CH3COOH b) CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH c) HCOOH d) CH3CH(CH3)CH2COOH e) CH3(CH2)4COOH 3. Name the following esters a) CH3COOCH3 b) CH3COOCH2CH3 c) CH3CH2CH2COOCH3 d) CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CH3 e) CH3CH2CH2COOCH2CH2CH3 f) CH3CH2OOCCH3 2. Draw shortened structural formulae for the following esters a) Ethyl ethanoate b) Propyl methanoate c) Butyl ethanoate d) Methyl pentanoate -3- [Type text] ESTERS 1. H O C H H C O H C H H The names the acid and alkanol used to prepare the above ester are 2. H H C O C O H H H C C H H H The names the acid and alkanol used to prepare the above ester are 3. H H H C C H H O O C H H C C H H H The names the acid and alkanol used to prepare the above ester are -4- [Type text] 4. Describe in detail how you would prepare a sample of the ester ethyl ethanoate. You should mention the chemicals used, the procedure and any safety considerations. -5-