Download Unit 4 Lab 1

Unit 4 Lab 1
A&P 242
Brain and Spinal Cord
G Blevins/G Brady
Winter 2006
Human Brain Structures:
Primary Embryonic structures:
Prosencephalon
Mesencephalon
Rhombencephalon
Secondary Embryonic structures:
Telencephalon
Diencephalon
Metencephalon
Myelencephalon
Mesencephalon
Cerebral Meninges:
Dura mater (*)
Pia mater (*)
Subarachnoid space (*)
Arachnoid mater (*)
Cerebral Hemisphere Lobes:
Frontal (*)
Parietal (*)
Temporal (*)
Insula
Occipital (*)
Cerebral Hemisphere Grooves and Ridges:
Longitudinal Fissure (*)
Precentral Gyrus
Postcentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital groove
Gyrus (*)
Sulcus (*)
Central sulcus
Lateral sulcus
Cerebral Hemisphere Surface Anatomy:
Cerebellum (*)
Corpora Quadrigemina (*)
Inferior Colliculus (*)
Medulla Oblongata(*)
Cerebral Peduncles (*)
Olfactory Bulb (*)
Pituitary (Hyopophysis) (*) Infundibulum (*)
Cerebral Peduncles (*)
Superior Colliculus (*)
Pons (*)
Olfactory Tract (*)
Mammillary Body (*)
Cerebral Hemispheres Functional areas:
Motor Association (pre)motor area
Somatosensory Association area
Visual Association area
Auditory Association area
Primary motor
Primary Somatosensory area
Primary Visual area
Primary Auditory area
Internal Anatomy of the brain:
Corpus Callosum (*)
Intermediate Mass (*)
Pineal gland (*)
Septum Pellucidum (*)
Thalamus (*)
Arbor Vitae (*)
Fornix (*)
Hypothalamus (*)
Folia (*)
Structures Involved with Cerebrospinal fluid:
Choroid Plexuses
Third ventricle (*)
Lateral apertures
Arachnoid Villi
Lateral ventricles (*)
cerebral aqueduct (*)
median apertures
Superior sagittal sinus
Interventricular Foramen
Fourth ventricle (*)
Subarachnoid space (*)
Cranial Nerves: (see detail on next pages)
(1) Olfactory (*)
(4) Troclear
(7) Facial
(10) Vagus
(2) Optic (*)
(5) Trigeminal(*)
(8) Vestibularcochlear
(11) Spinal Accessory
(3) Oculomtor (*)
(6) Abducens
(9) Glossopharyngeal
(12) Hypoglossal
Arachnoid mater
Subarachnoid space
Spinal Cord Menings:
Dura mater
Pia mater
External Anatomy of Spinal Cord:
Ventral root
Doral root
Doral root ganglion
Internal Anatomy of Spinal Cord:
Ventral horn
Dorsal Gray commissure
Posterior column
Anterior Median Fissure
Doral horn
Ventral gray commissure
Lateral column
Posterior Median Sulcus
Lateral horn
Central canal
Anterior column
Organization of tissue in Brain and Spinal Cord:
White Matter – Nerve fibers, Myelin Sheath, Neuroglia nuclei
Gary Matter - Motor neuron cell bodies, nerve fibers, Neuroglia nuclei
Spinal Nerve Plexuses:
Cervical
Brachical
Lumbar
Sacral
Axillary
Genitofemoral
Pudendal
Ulnar
femoral
Median
Sciatic
Spinal Nerves:
Phrenic
Radial
Peroneal
Skull Review:
Internal acoustic meatus
Cribriform plate
Foramen rotundum
Jugular foramen
chiasmatic groove
Olfactory foramen
Foramen Ovale
Hypoglossal canal
Optic foramen
Superior Orbital Fissure
Internal Acoustic meatus
Foramen magnum
Muscles to review:
Sternocleidomastoid
Diaphragam
Triceps branchii
Trapezius
Genioglossus
Deltoid
Teres minor
Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
(*) = Structures to be observed on the Sheep brain.
Styloglossus
Cremester