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Summer School Quiz # 3 Imperialism to Russian Revolution **** Please don’t write on this test. **** Review 1. Martin Luther’s Ninety-Five Theses were a call for a) b) c) d) religious revolt against the German princes reforms within the Roman Catholic Church greater papal authority crusades to spread Christianity 2. In Western Europe, a major immediate effect of the Reformation was a 6. According to the European policy of mercantilism, colonies should a) benefit the mother country b) trade openly with various countries c) be left alone to manage their own affairs d) attempt to gain independence as soon as possible 7. Simon Bolivar and Miguel Hidalgo, leaders of Latin American independence movements, were inspired by successful revolutions in a) renewed domination of the Catholic Church over the German states a) the Untied States and France b) greater tolerance of religions other than Christianity b) the Soviet Union and China c) decrease in educational opportunities for the c) Cuba and Costa Rica middle class d) Egypt and Kenya d) decline in religious unity and in the power of the Catholic Church 8. One similarity in the leadership of Latin Americas Jose de San Martin, Toussaint l’Ouverture, Bernanrdo O’Higgins, and Pedro I was that each leader 3. Which of these options is not an effect of the English a) opposed United States intervention in Haiti Civil War? b) led a struggle to gain freedom for the people of his nation a) Charles I was beheaded c) opposed membership of his nation in the League b) the English Bill of Rights of Nations c) Oliver Cromwell becomes Leader of England d) established an absolute monarchy in his nation d) Signing of the Magna Carta 9. The French people supported Napoleon Bonaparte 4. Peter the Great and Catherine the Great changed because they hoped he would Russia by a) adopt the ideas of the Protestant Reformation a) abolishing all social class distinctions b) restore Louis XVI to power b) becoming constitutional monarchs c) provide stability for the nation c) preventing wars with neighboring nations d) end British control of France d) introducing western ideas and customs 10. Belief in the ideas of the Enlightenment and 5. Francis Bacon, Galileo, and Johannes Kepler promoted discontent within the Third Estate were causes of the idea that knowledge should be based on the a) French Revolution a) the experiences of past civilizations b) Counter Reformation b) experimentation and observation c) Industrial Revolution c) emotions and feelings d) Spanish Reconquista d) the teachings of the Catholic Church Summer School Quiz # 3 Imperialism to Russian Revolution 11. Nationalism is most likely to develop in an area that has 12. a) b) c) d) land suited to agriculture adequate industry to supply consumer demands a moderate climate with rivers for irrigation common customs, language, and history • • • Appointment of Otto von Bismarck as Chancellor Austro-Prussian War, 1866 Franco-Prussian War, 1870–1871 These events led directly to a) the unification of Germany b) foreign rule in Italy c) the rebellion of the Sepoys d) an alliance between Serbs and Russians 13. A major result of the Industrial Revolution was the a) concentration of workers in urban areas b) increased desire of the wealthy class to share its power c) formation of powerful craft guilds d) control of agricultural production by governments 14. According to the theories of Karl Marx, history can be viewed as a a) succession of famines that result in the destruction of civilizations b) repeating cycle of imperialism and colonialism c) listing of the accomplishments of the ruling classes d) continuous struggle between economic classes 15. - Europeans sought new markets for their goods. - Many Europeans migrated to the cities for work. - European middle class gained political power. What was the major cause of these changes in Europe? a) b) c) d) Industrial Revolution rise of feudalism Congress of Vienna French Revolution **** Please don’t write on this test. **** Imperialism 16. Which is an accurate statement about the partitioning of Africa by European imperialist nations during the 1800’s? a) new nations were based on old tribal boundaries b) the cultural and ethnic diversity of the African people was disregarded c) the continent was divided equally among the colonial powers d) African unity was encouraged 17. After 1880, European nations sought colonies in Africa primarily because the Europeans were a) in need of land for their surplus populations b) competing of raw materials and markets c) determined to bring Christianity to the Moslem world d) interested in completing their geographic knowledge of the world 18. British control over South Africa, French control over Indochina, and Spanish control over Mexico are examples of a) b) c) d) isolationism appeasement nonalignment imperialism 19. In the past, European nations have conquered other lands, made them into colonies, and controlled their economies. This statement describes a situation that resulted from the a) industrialization of Europe and the need for raw materials b) desire of Europeans to spread communism throughout the world c) European belief in human rights for all people d) requests of developing nations for modern machines and technology Summer School Quiz # 3 Imperialism to Russian Revolution 20. During the 18th and 19th centuries, increased contact between European and the continents of Africa, Asia, and South America resulted in **** Please don’t write on this test. **** 25. “Yesterday, your ambassador petitioned my ministers regarding your trade with China…our Celestial Empire possesses all things in great abundance and lacks no product within its own borders. There is, therefore, no need to import any product manufactured by outside barbarians in exchange for our own goods.” a) closer cultural cooperation between Europe and these continents b) the exploitation of the labor and resources of these continents c) a return to the political and economic systems of feudal -Emperor Ch’ien Lung of China to King George III of Britain, Europe 1793 d) preservation of the rights of the indigenous peoples 21. During the 18th and 19th centuries, Europeans improved roads and bridges and built railroads in their colonies primarily to a) provide jobs for the colonists b) obtain raw materials needed for industrialization c) impress the colonists with their technological knowledge d) help missionaries spread Christianity 22. The borders that were established for many African nations during the late 1800’s were based primarily on a) b) c) d) natural geographic barriers easy access to natural resources territorial claims of colonial rulers cultural differences between ethnic groups Chinese Isolation 23. In 19th-century China, the Opium War resulted in a) b) c) d) the control of Hong Kong being returned to China the removal of all British naval forces from China an increase in European spheres of influence in China the rejection of Buddhism by the Chinese people 24. During the 19th century, Europeans were able to divide China in Spheres of Influence mainly because the a) b) c) d) Chinese were eager to adopt western culture Europeans had technologically superior military forces Europeans were willing to adopt Chinese customs Chinese lacked raw materials and resources In the view of the Emperor, which foreign policy action was in the best interest of China in 1793? a) b) c) d) maintaining economic isolation expanding foreign trade increasing international interdependence developing into a colonial power Meiji Restoration 26. In Japan, the Meiji Restoration resulted in the a) b) c) d) division of the nation between the European powers modernization of the nation’s industry abolition of the position of emperor government being controlled by the samurai 27. An immediate result of Commodore Matthew Perry’s visit to Japan in 1853 was a) an alliance between Japan and Russia b) the development of trade between Japan and the West c) a war between Japan and the United States d) the continued isolation of Japan 28. The arrival of Commodore Matthew Perry in Japan in 1853 signaled the end of Japanese a) b) c) d) cultural contacts with the West policies of isolationism militarism in Southeast Asia trade relations with the United States Summer School Quiz # 3 Imperialism to Russian Revolution 29. The modernization of Japan during the Meiji Restoration resulted in a) b) c) d) a return to a feudal system of government the rise of Japan as an imperialistic nation an alliance between China, Korea, Russia, and Japan a strengthening of Japan’s isolationist policies **** Please don’t write on this test. **** 34. Which development occurred in Germany as a result of the terms imposed by the Treaty of Versailles? a. Soviet occupation b. political instability c. overseas expansion d. economic prosperity Russian Revolution World War I 30. A major cause of World War I was a) b) c) d) a decline in the policy of imperialism the existence of opposing alliances an increase in acts of aggression by England the spread of communism throughout Europe 31. The major impact of the Treaty of Versailles on Germany was that the treaty led to a) an era of peace and international good will in Germany b) a stable Germany that was both democratic and strong c) an increase in Germany’s desire to regain its power and prestige d) a leadership position for Germany in the League of Nations 32. “Archduke Franz Ferdinand Assassinated!” “Germany Declares War on Russia and France!” “Peace Treaty Signed at Versailles!” Which event is referred to in these headlines? a) b) c) d) Franco-Prussian War Crimean War World War I Cold War 33.The immediate cause of World War I was the a) assassination of Archduke Ferdinand b) Japanese alliance with Germany c) treaty agreement at Versailles d) German invasion of Poland 35. Which is generally a characteristic of a communist economy? a) investment is encouraged by the promise of large profits b) the role of government in the economy is restricted by law c) government agencies are involved in production planning d) entrepreneurs sell shares in their companies to the government 36. A major cause of the Russian Revolution of 1917 was the a) defeat of Germany in the Russian campaign b) marriage of Czar Nicholas II to a German princess c) existence of sharp economic differences between social classes d) appeal of Marxism to the Russian nobility 37. The Russian peasants supported the Bolsheviks in the 1917 Revolutions mainly because the Bolsheviks promised to a) b) c) d) establish collective farms maintain the agricultural price-support system bring modern technology to Russian farms redistribute the land owned by the nobility 38. Which statement best describes the relationship between World War I and the Russian Revolution? a) World War I created conditions within Russia that helped trigger a revolution b) World War I postponed the Russian Revolution by restoring confidence in the Czar c) the Russian Revolution inspired the Russian people to win World War I d) World War I gave the Czar’s army the needed experience to suppress the Russian Revolution Summer School Quiz # 3 Imperialism to Russian Revolution **** Please don’t write on this test. ****