Download Fill in the columns by identifying the organelle and then

Instructions: Fill in the columns by identifying the organelle and then find its function.
Image of organelle
Name of organelle
Function of organelle
Plasma membrane, also
Regulates passage of
known as cell membrane materials in and out of the
(less specific) and
cell. Glycoproteins and
Plasmalemma (more
glycolipids are used for cell
specific)
recognition (e.g. in the
immune response)
Found in all organisms.
Chloroplast (often
confused with
mitochondria, which also
have internal membrane
systems. In chloroplasts
the internal membranes
are organized into discs,
called grana, which
contain photosynthetic
pigments such as
chlorophyll.
Site of photosynthesis –
where light is used for energy
to drive the conversion of
low-energy Carbon dioxide
and Water into energy rich
Carbohydrates, at the same
time releasing Oxygen as a
by-product.
Found only in Eukaryotic
plants and plant protists
(algae)
Smooth (on the right) and
rough (on the left)
Endoplasmic reticulum.
The presence of
ribosomes (those little
black dots) distinguishes
one from the other.
Smooth ER—site of lipid
(fats and oils) synthesis
Rough ER—site of protein
synthesis.
The ER also transports
synthesized molecules
around in the cell.
Golgi Apparatus, also
known as Golgi Body
Distinguished by their
‘stack of pancakes’
arrangement of
membranes and budding
of vesicles along their
margins
Sorts and packages proteins
for export (transport out of
cell) of proteins. Found
therefore mostly in cells that
are secreting proteins. E.g.
Salivary glands are packed
with Golgi, as they secrete
the protein enzyme called
salivary amylase.
Mitochondria
This electron microscope
photo clearly shows
interior folded
membranes called cristae.
It is on these that
enzymes involved in
cellular respiration are
located.
Site of cellular respiration. In
this process high energy
carbohydrates and O2 are
converted to low energy CO2
and H2O. The energy
released from this process is
used to create ATP from
ADP and Pi (more about this
process later.)
Nucleus
Consists of a porous
membrane surrounding
chromatin (dark brown)
and protein (lighter
areas). Chromatin is
unwound chromosomes.
Nucleolus is missing
because this section
(think slice, like a slice of
bread) did not contain
one. (Imagine baking an
orange into a loaf of
bread. Would every slice
contain a piece of
orange?)
Nucleus controls the protein
synthesis of the cell. It does
this by sending out of the
nucleus a coded message
(mRNA) that is ‘read’ at the
ribosome, which translates
the code, into specific
proteins.
The nucleus doesn’t ‘think’,
so don’t get the idea that it
‘knows’ what to do, either. It
is under chemical control—
when a particular process or
structural protein is required,
it is triggered into releasing
the correct mRNA. This is a
complex process, beyond
what you need to know for
Bi. 12.
Side Note: Using terms like
‘think’ and ‘know’ is a
classic mistake made by
beginning biologists,
imparting a human quality
where none exists—called
anthropromorphism (useful if
you want to impress your
friends or family) E.g. “The
bee wanted to collect nectar”
rather than “The bee
instinctively collected
nectar”.