Download Science TCAP review (after A

Science TCAP Review
4.1.2 Recognize the basic structure of plant and animal cells.
1. Name six parts that make up both plant and animal cells. The first letters are given.
N__________________, C____________________, C_________________________,
C__________________, V____________________, M_________________________
2. What are the two parts found only in plant cells? _____________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. What color are most plant cells? __________________________________________
4. Are plant cells or animal cells box-shaped? _________________________________
5. The outermost layer of an animal cell is the _________________________________
6. The outermost layer of a plant cell is the ___________________________________
4.1.3 Identify animal and plant cell structures and function.
1. The large cell part that controls cell activities is the ___________________________
2. This is the thin outer covering in an animal cell; it is inside of a plant cell’s wall.
______________________________________________________________________
3. The jelly-like cell filling made of water and chemicals is the _____________________
4. The cell’s power plant (it gives the cell energy) is the _________________________
5. The storage space for food, water, and waste is the __________________________
6. The structures in the nucleus that control traits are ___________________________
7. The thick structure that protects and supports a plant cell is the _________________
8. The plant cell’s food factory, containing chlorophyll, is the ______________________
1
4.6.3 Recognize the effects of predation and competition on an
ecosystem.
1. Extinctions can also be caused by changes in the ___________________________,
such as competition, loss of habitat, climate change, or disruptions in the food
chain.
List examples of each:
Overpopulation ________________________________________________________
Overhunting __________________________________________________________
Competition for resources ________________________________________________
Population increase in the Predators _______________________________________
Population decrease of the Producers ______________________________________
Loss of Habitat_________________________________________________________
What would happen if the grass population decreased? ________________________
What would happen if the grasshoppers increased? ___________________________
What would happen if rabbits were introduced into this food chain?________________
_____________________________________________________________________
What would happen if a new species of snake were introduced ?__________________
_____________________________________________________________________
2
Determine how a physical adaptation can be an advantage to an
animal or plant found in a specific environment. Review some
animals commonly found on the test.
Write the ecosystem from the box where the listed plant and animal would be found.
desert
rain forest
taiga
tundra
mild forest
grassland
lake/pond
ocean
1. banana plant, chimpanzee ______________________________________________
2. algae, newt __________________________________________________________
3. cotton grass, caribou __________________________________________________
4. aloe, gila monster _____________________________________________________
5. kelp, sponge _________________________________________________________
6. spruce, lynx __________________________________________________________
7. oak, raccoon _________________________________________________________
8. coneflower, prairie dog _________________________________________________
Choose an environment for each adaptation: arctic, underwater, or forest
1. Gills to take in oxygen __________________________________________________
2. Insect resembling a leaf ________________________________________________
3. Thick, white fur _______________________________________________________
4. Animals can hide by blending in with its surroundings using ____________________.
5. When one animal imitates another, it’s called _______________________________.
6. Name an animal that protects itself with quills. _______________________________
7. Name an animal that protects itself by rolling into a ball. _______________________
8. Name an animal that protects its organs with a hard outer shell. _________________
3
Determine how different organisms function within an environment in
terms of their location on the energy pyramid.
1. How does a producer get food? __________________________________________
2. What does a first-level consumer eat? _____________________________________
3. What does a decomposer feed on? _______________________________________
4. What does a second-level consumer eat? __________________________________
5. An animal that eats only meat is called a ___________________________________
6. An animal that eats only plants is called an _________________________________
7. An animal that eats both plants and animals is called an _______________________
8. What is the source of a producer’s energy? __________________________
Examine the following energy pyramid. Determine which animal could belong at each
number.
Grasshopper _________
Robin _________
Grass __________
Snake ___________
Which level contains the
MOST energy?___________
Which level contains the
LEAST energy? ___________
4
Draw conclusions about the relationship between reproduction and
the survival of a species.
1. If cats could no longer reproduce, what would happen to the cat population?
______________________________________________________________________
2. What are two ways that living things reproduce? _____________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. Is there any way that a plant or animal species could survive without reproduction?
Infer the possible reasons why a species became endangered or
extinct.
The TCAP will throw these types of LOGIC questions at you:
Explain why (a) is the best choice, use evidence from the question:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
5
Explain why (g) is the best choice, use evidence from the question:
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Distinguish between complete and incomplete metamorphosis
1. Which of the following organisms does NOT lay eggs as part of its life cycle?
a. robin
b. frog
c. bat
d. snake
e. all of these lay eggs
Classify each insect as undergoing complete metamorphosis, incomplete
metamorphosis, or neither:
Grasshopper ___________________
Ladybug ________________________
Chicken ______________________
Ant ____________________________
Butterfly ______________________
Damselfly _______________________
Beetle _______________________
Praying Mantis ___________________
Frog ________________________
Housefly ________________________
What is the difference between complete and incomplete metamorphosis?
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
Organize the phases of the moon in the correct sequence.
#1-5: Fill in the missing name or drawing of moon phases in the correct order.
________ _________
_______ _______
Waxing First
Waxing
Waning Last
Waning
New Moon Crescent Quarter
Gibbous _________ Gibbous Quarter Crescent
6. Write a mnemonic to help you remember the phases of the moon in order:
N________________ C__________________ F_______________ G______________
F________________ G__________________ L_______________ C______________
6
Label each moon phase shown below:
1. __________________
2. __________________
3. __________________
4. __________________
Explain the relationship of the sun, the earth, and the moon during a full moon.
Explain the relationship of the sun, the earth, and the moon during a new moon.
Explain the relationship of the sun, the earth, and the moon during a lunar eclipse.
Explain the relationship of the sun, the earth, and the moon during a solar eclipse.
**Why do we observe different moon phases from the Earth?
Design a simple model to illustrate how the wind and movement of
water alter the earth’s surface.
Draw a model for wind.
Draw a model for water.
7
Recognize specific geological features.
1. A large mass of ice and snow that moves over land is a _______________________.
2. How were many lakes and valleys created? _________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
3. How did the Earth’s mountains form? ______________________________________
4. What type of landform builds as layers of lava erupt and cool? __________________
5. How are caves formed? ________________________________________________
6. Rivers usually flow from ______________ elevations to ______________ elevations.
Determine how wind and water change the Earth’s geological
features.
1. Running water ____________ particles of rock and soil and drops them downstream.
2. As water carries rocks away, they may cut a _________________ in the bedrock.
3. Pounding waves cause rocks and shells to ________________________.
4. Particles of _____________________ in the wind wear down exposed rocks.
5. Sediments that settle at the mouth of a river form a ____________________.
Identify the basic characteristics of soil.
Use pages 201-202 to answer the following questions,
1. Which of the following is soil made of (more than one answer)?
a. water and air
b. tiny rock particles
c. oil and magma
d. minerals and humus
2. Write these soil layers in the correct order, from top to bottom:
broken-down bedrock, topsoil, bedrock, subsoil
______________________________________________________________________
8
Analyze how different earth materials are utilized to solve human
problems or improve the quality of life.
Read the description and use of each common earth material. Use the word bank to fill in the
blanks.
WORD BANK: steel, iron, plastic, rubber, fabric, aluminum, copper
1. ___________________, Light weight, used as an insulator for clothing and heat
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
protection.
____________________, heavy, not flexible, can support things, does not rust, conducts
heat, used as a building materials.
____________________, lightweight, very flexible, cannot support things, used for
building aircraft and spacecraft.
___________________, flexible, metal, great conductor of electricity or heat, used for
making pots, pans, and electrical wires.
____________________, very strong, tends to rust when exposed to water, has magnetic
qualities, used for building, furniture, and electro-magnets.
___________________, extremely malleable (able to be shaped in different ways), is an
insulator for heat and electricity, used for bottles, wire coverings, and many everyday
tools.
___________________, not flexible or malleable, but extreme insulator for heat and
electricity, causes friction between objects and most surfaces, used for switches in
electrical circuits and brakes on bicycles, cars, and roller skates.
Recognize that various materials conduct heat.
1. An insulator does not transfer heat very well, while a _________________ transfers
heat quickly.
2. Why are pan handles usually made of wood or plastic instead of metal?
______________________________________________________________________
Circle the material that conducts heat better:
3. rubber / aluminum
4. copper / plastic
5. straw / iron
9
Choose the appropriate use for an earth material.
1. Name three things that can be made from trees. _____________________________
______________________________________________________________________
2. What are fossil fuels used for? ___________________________________________
3. Name thee things that rocks can be used to make. ___________________________
______________________________________________________________________
4. Medicine, food, dye, and clothing can be made from different types of ____________.
Distinguish between renewable and nonrenewable resources.
1. A resource that occurs in limited amounts and may take millions of years to replace is
a _______________________________________ resource.
2. A resource that may be replaced by nature in a relatively short time span is a
________________________________ resource.
Write “R” if the resource below is renewable; write “N” if it is non-renewable.
3. ______ trees
4. ______ natural gas
5. ______ water
6. ______ animals
7. ______ soil
8. ______ sunlight
9. ______ coal
10. _____ oil
10
Identify the basic features of the water cycle.
The continual movement of water from the Earth’s surface, into the air, and back
again is known as the _________________________. Energy from the ___________
causes liquid water on the Earth to change to water vapor, a gas. This process is called
_________________________. When the water vapor rises and cools, it turns back
into a liquid through the process of ___________________________. These droplets
form ____________________, and the water falls to the earth again as sleet, snow,
rain, or hail, also known as ______________________________. The change of water
from liquid to solid is called ________________________, and the change of water
from solid to liquid is called ________________________. Through the process of
photosynthesis, plants also release water vapor into the atmosphere. That process is
called __________________________________.
Choose the appropriate instrument for measuring a given
atmospheric condition.
Write rain gauge, hygrometer, anemometer, thermometer, barometer, or weather vane.
1. ________________ measures wind speed using cones that spin on a base
2. ________________ measures air pressure; is often round like a compass
3. ________________ measures rain fall; tube-shaped
4. ________________ measures wind direction; has an arrow and the letters N, S, E, W
5. ________________ measures humidity by determining rate of evaporation
6. ________________ measures air temperature; contains a tube with alcohol/mercury
11
Distinguish between weather and climate.
Classify each situation as WEATHER or CLIMATE.
___________________ Glaciers are melting faster than in the past because air
temperatures surrounding them have increased over the years. The temperature
around glaciers over a period of years.
___________________The yearly rainfall average for Nashville, TN, is 122 cm.
___________________Knoxville, TN, had 10.2 cm of rain today.
___________________Memphis, TN, had 7.6 cm of rain in October.
___________________The temperature was 10degrees C in Jackson, TN, on Monday.
___________________Students are collecting data for the number of days it has rained
in the past month. The number of rainy days is would be an example of ___.
___________________The local forecast predict it will be cold and rainy today.
Determine how various types of matter change state.
1. What must be added to change ice to water? _______________________________
2. Adding ________________ makes particles in a solid, liquid, and a gas move faster.
3. When water vapor is cooled, what substance forms? _________________________
4. Changing from a solid to a liquid is called __________________________________.
5. Changing from a liquid to a gas is called ___________________________________.
6. Changing from a gas to a liquid is called ___________________________________.
7. Changing from a liquid to a solid is called __________________________________.
8. Changing from a solid directly to a gas is called _____________________________.
9. Can all solids change to a liquid? ________________________________________
12
Choose features associated with physical changes.
1. A ______________________ change begins and ends with the same type of matter.
2. Some kinds of physical changes include (see p. E45): a change in s_____________,
s______________, p__________________, t_________________, or s____________.
Write “P” for physical change and “C” for chemical change.
3. Using a cookie cutter on raw dough __________
4. Baking cookies in the oven ____________
5. Breaking a cookie in half ______________
6. Chocolate chips melting ____________
7. A molding cookie ____________
Select an investigation that could be used to answer a specific question.
SPI 0407.T/E.1 Select a tool, technology, or invention that was used to solve a human problem.
SPI 0407.T/E.2 Recognize the connection between a scientific advance and the development of
a new tool or technology.
SPI 0407.9.1 Choose an appropriate tool for measuring a specific physical property of matter.
SPI 0407.9.2 Determine the mass, volume, and temperature of a substance or object using proper
units of measurement.
SPI 0407.9.3 Interpret the causes and effects of a physical change in matter.
SPI 0407.10.1 Identify different forms of energy, such as heat, light, and chemical.
SPI 0407.10.2 Determine which surfaces reflect, refract, or absorb light.
SPI 0407.10.3 Determine whether a material is transparent, translucent, or opaque.
SPI 0407.11.1 Describe the position of an object relative to fixed reference points.
SPI 0407.11.2 Identify factors that influence the motion of an object.
SPI 0407.11.3 Determine the relationship between speed and distance traveled over time.
SPI 0407.12.1 Identify how magnets attract or repel one another.
SPI 0407.12.2 Determine how an electrically charged material interacts with other objects.
SPI 0407.12.3 Determine the path of an electrical current in a simple circuit.
13
SCIENCE TCAP REVIEW
4.11.1 Select factors that have the greatest effect on the motion of an
object.
1. What force causes objects to slow down on a rough surface? __________________
2. Which ball will stay in motion longer on the same surface: a ball that has been
tapped, or a ball that has been kicked? ______________________________________
3. What is the name of the force that pulls objects toward Earth? __________________
4. If the same amount of force is applied to two objects, which will move farther and
faster: the heavy object or the light object? ___________________________________
5. If you push a chair from the left, which direction will the chair move? _____________
6. If you pull a chair from the left, which direction will the chair move? ______________
7. If you push from the right as your friend pushes from the left, how will the chair
move? ________________________________________________________________
4.11.2 Recognize the effects of gravity.
1. Gravity, a pulling force between two objects, depends on how much matter is in the
two objects and _______________________________________________________.
2. When you weigh yourself, you measure the force of gravity between you and
____________________________________.
3. You weigh less on the moon because ____________________________________.
4. Why do the planets revolve around the Sun? _______________________________
5. What causes tides in the oceans? ________________________________________
6. Without gravity, what would happen to all of the objects in the classroom?
______________________________________________________________________
14
4.11.4 Determine how speed affects distance traveled over time.
1. To find the speed of an object, you must know how far the object traveled and
_____________________________________________________________________.
2. To calculate speed, use this formula: speed = distance ____ time.
3. If Annie and Abby travel the same distance, and Abby arrives first, who has the
greater speed? _______________________
4. If you ride your bike 14 miles in 2 hours, your average speed is 7 miles per hour (7
mph). What is your speed if you ride 18 miles in 3 hours? _______________________
5. Car A drove 35 miles in 30 minutes. Car B drove 28 miles in 30 minutes. Which had
the greater speed? _____________________________
4.14.1 Identify different forms of energy.
Use these words to fill in the blanks:
chemical
electrical
light
mechanical
sound
heat
1. You can see _____________ energy, which may come from lasers or the Sun.
2. The energy of moving objects, such as windmills, is _______________ energy.
3. Lightning and batteries are examples of ______________ energy, or the energy of
charged particles.
4. Energy stored in matter such as food is called ________________ energy.
5. __________ energy comes from the movement of tiny particles in matter, which
causes warmth.
6. Can one type of energy be transferred to another type? _______________________
7. Give an example of energy transfer. _______________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
15
Science TCAP review
Recognize simple machines (i.e., inclined plane, lever, pulley).
The six simple machines are: lever, pulley, wheel and axle, inclined plane, wedge,
and screw. Write the name of the simple machine that describes each object.
1. skateboard wheels __________________________________
2. mini-blind cord ______________________________________
3. knife _____________________________________________
4. crowbar ___________________________________________
5. lower part of light bulb ________________________________
6. wheelchair ramp __________________________________
How do simple machines make work easier? Do they reduce the weight, mass, or the
friction between two objects? _________________________
4.14.4 Select a simple electrical circuit.
*An electrical circuit is a closed pathway that electricity is able to flow through.
1. Can electricity flow through an open circuit? __________________________
2. A device called a _____________ opens and closes a circuit.
3.-5. The four materials needed to create a simple electrical circuit are a bulb (or similar
device), ____________________, ____________________, and ________________.
6. Draw a simple electrical circuit below.
16
17
18