Download REVIEW 2 2003

Psychology 209
Brain and Behavior
REVIEW 2
Covers Chapters 5-7 in Kolb and Whishaw
Below is a list of terms or issues that were covered in the preceding readings or
lectures. When studying these terms, understand the concept completely. Don't
just memorize a simple definition of the words
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Know the structure of a chemical synapse
How are neurotransmitters synthesized, stored, released and broken down?
Be able to identify types of synapses
What are the chemical and anatomical differences between excitatory and
inhibitory synapse?
Be able to classify neurotransmitters and know examples of each
Define iontotropic receptors. How do they work?
Define metabotropic receptors. How do they work?
What are cholinergic neurons? Where are they found?
Define doubly gated channel.
What neurotransmitters are present in the autonomic nervous system?
Define each of these ascending activating systems: cholinergic, dopaminergic,
noradrenergic, serotoninergic. What behavioral effects are associated with each
system?
What is glutamate and GABA?
What is the neural basis of habituation?
What is the neural basis of sensitization?
Define the Hebb synapse.
What is Aplysia?
What is the NMDA receptor? How does it work?
What is long term enhancement and how is it demonstrated
In what ways can learning change the synapse?
What are possible routes for drug administration?
Describe how the blood brain barrier works. Where is it found and where is it
absent?
How do drugs act on synapses? (acetylcholine, dopamine, serotonin)
Define agonist/antagonist.
Know these drug classifications: antianxiety, antipsychotic, antidepressant,
narcotic analgesic, stimulants. Know drugs under each classification and their
actions.
What is cross-tolerance?
What is sensitization?
What is the dependency hypothesis?
Define incentive salience. What is incentive-sensitization theory?
What is alcohol myopia?
How does MDMA affect the brain?
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What are hormones? Define homeostasis.
What are homeostatic hormones, reproductive hormones and stress hormones?
What is the the stress response?
Who is Robert Sapolsky?
What is cellular, metabolic and learned tolerance?
Know the features and stages of brain development including neural plate, neural
tube.
What occurs during neurogenesis? What are stem cells, progenitor cells,
neuroblasts and glioblasts?
What is stem cell research? What is its current status?
What are radial glial cells?
What occurs during cell migration, cell differentiation, and cell maturation?
how do growing axons reach their targets?
What are growth cones-filipodia?
What is synaptogenesis?
What is apoptosis, synaptic pruning and neural Darwinism?
What are Piaget’s stages of cognitive development?
What is plasticity?
How does environment influence brain development? What is the experimental
support?
How do hormones influence brain development? What is the experimental
support?
What is a critical period, imprinting?
What is the chemoaffinity hypothesis?