Download Biology 1500 Ch 14-18, 32, 33 Exam 3 Review Always select the

Biology 1500
Ch 14-18, 32, 33
Exam 3 Review
Always select the BEST answer.
Ch. 14 “Evolution and Natural Selection”
 What is the definition of fitness?
 Review the Miller-Urey Experiment.
 How old is Earth believed to be?
 When did the first organisms appear on Earth?
 What is a homologous structure? Give an example of two organisms that share
homologous structures.
 Who is the naturalist that first suggested a mechanism for evolution?
 What was the mechanism for evolution proposed by this naturalist?
 Distinguish between mutualism, parasitism, and commensalism.
 What are the five conditions for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
 What causes a population to evolve?
Ch. 15 “How We Name Living Things”
 Who developed the system of binomial nomenclature?
 Why is binomial nomenclature more practical than the polynomial classification system?
 How many taxons are in the current system of classification?
 List the taxonomic categories from the most inclusive (largest) to the most specific
(smallest).
 How is an organism’s scientific name written?
 Define species.
 What kind of information may be gathered from a cladogram?
Ch. 16 “Prokaryotes: The First Single-Celled Creatures”
 What is the difference between a eukaryotic and a prokaryotic cell?
 Why do scientists believe that chloroplasts and mitochondria evolved from a prokaryote?
 How do bacteria reproduce?
 What is the difference between a photoheterotroph and a chemoheterotroph?
 What is the difference between a photoautotroph and a chemoautotroph?
 What are the two Domains of prokaryotes?
 What is the difference between Archaea and Bacteria?
 Where would you find organisms in the Domain Archaea?
 Why are bacteria important?
 Are viruses living organisms? Why or why not?
 Distinguish between the lytic and lysogenic cyles.
Ch. 17 “Protists: Advent of the Eukaryotes”
 What is the difference between sexual and asexual reproduction?
 When did eukaryotes evolve?
 What is the endosymbiotic theory?
 What are dinoflagellates?
 What is a colonial organism?
 Are all organisms in the kingdom Protista unicellular?
 Why is the kingdom protista considered to be the most diverse of all kingdoms?
 Which group of protistans is believed to be the ancestors to plants?
Ch. 18 “Fungi Invade Land”
 Define a fungus.
 Do organisms in the kingdom Fungi digest their food externally or internally?
 What are mycorrhizae?
 Distinguish between ectomycorrhizae and endomycorrhizae.
 What are lichens and why are they considered to be pioneer species?
 What kind of feeders are organisms in the kingdom Fungi?
 What are hyphae?
 What is the relationship between hyphae and mycelium?
Ch. 32 “Evolution of Plants”
 What is the difference between a monocot and a dicot? List the characteristics of each.
 List the adaptations plants have evolved to prevent desiccation.
 What adaptation did plants evolve to enable them to transport water great distances?
Ch. 33 “Plant Form and Function”
 What is the difference between xylem and phloem?
 What type of vascular tissue is dead at functional maturity?
 Seeded vascular plants produce pollen grains. Are the pollen grains male or female
gametophytes?
 What were the first seeded plants?
 Where does primary growth occur in plants?
 What is the function of stomata?
 What is the difference between primary and secondary growth?
 Review the parts of a flower.
 Where does gas exchange occur in the leaf?
 What is transpiration?
 What is the significance of cohesion and adhesion in water transport in a plant?
 What does the vascular cambium produce?
 Does water enter the plant as liquid or vapor?
 Does water leave the plant as liquid or vapor?