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Who Am I? Insects Insects • Phylum Arthropoda (means jointed foot) • Class Insecta includes all the true insects • Class Arachnida spiders, mites, ticks Classification of Insects Phylum Arthropoda: • Segmented body • Exoskelton • Open circulatory system • Ventral nervous system • Paired segmented appendages • Respiration by gills or trachea • Separate sexes Insect characteristics • Six legs • Three body regions (head,thorax,abdomen) • Antennae • Wings (most) • Chewing or piercingsucking mouthparts Insect Anatomy Exoskelton • Protection and support • Receptor of stimuli • Movement Body region functions • Head taste, feel, eat • Thorax walk,jump,fly • Abdomen breathe, digest, excrete, reproduce Head • Antennae- sensory • Eyes- sight compound or simple • Mouthparts: piercing/sucking, rasping/sucking, sponging,chewing/lapping, cutting/sponging, siphoning Examples of Mouthparts • • • • • • • Chewing: beetle, wasp, caterpillar, ant Siphoning: butterfly, moth Piercing/sucking: flea,mosquito,aphid Rasping/sucking: thrip Sponging: housefly Chewing/lapping: honeybee Cutting/sponging: deerfly, horsefly Thorax Legs- movement -3 pairs Wings- movement & air/blood transport - one pair of wings: mosquitoes - two pairs of wings: dragonflies - no wings: fleas Abdomen • Copulation, egg-laying and stinging • Includes spiracles for gas exchange • Ovipositor for egg-laying -may be modified as a stinger • Prolegs -not true legs but outgrowths of abdomen Life Cycle • Complete • Incomplete • None/Ametabolous Complete Life Cycle • Stages – Egg – Larvae – Pupa – Adult • Examples: – Ant – Bee – Beetle – Weevil – Flea http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/topics/growth.htm Incomplete Life Cycle • Examples – Cricket – Aphid – Grasshopper – Cicada http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/topics/growth.htm No Life Cycle -Ametabolous • Examples – Silverfish – Springtail http://www.ndsu.nodak.edu/entomology/topics/growth.htm Economic Damage • • • • None/Predatory Destroys Fruit/Flower Destroys Vegetative Parts (roots/leaves) Destruction by Plant Fluid Removal None/Predatory • Examples- – Honeybee – Lady Beetle Destroys Fruit/Flower • Examples – Bean leaf beetle – Corn earworm ipmworld.umn.edu/chapters/hammond.htm USDA, ARS Destroys Vegetative Parts (roots/leaves) • Examples – Japanese beetle – European corn borer USDA, ARS Destruction by Plant Fluid Removal • Example: – Aphids – Leafhopper USDA, ARS Slide Credits • Phil Nixon • Monica David, UIUC
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