Download 1 - Mrs Miller`s Blog

1.
Look at the diagram of a plant.
A
B
C
D
(a)
The table shows the jobs of some of the plant parts.
Finish the table by writing the correct letter next to the job it does.
job it does
plant part
reproduction
anchorage
[2]
(b)
The plant photosynthesises.
The plant needs chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
Describe the job of chloroplasts during photosynthesis.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[1]
Macmillan Academy
1
(c)
Water is lost from the plant by evaporation from the leaves.
Describe how water moves from the soil to the leaves.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 5 marks]
2.
Kathy grows her own tomato plants.
(a)
The soil Kathy uses does not have enough nitrate.
Some of her plants show signs of nitrate deficiency.
Describe two signs of nitrate deficiency the plants would show.
1 .....................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................
[2]
(b)
Kathy decides to use fertiliser on her soil.
Look at the picture of the bag of fertiliser.
handle
with care
special
CAMFERT
fertiliser
N : P : K
3 : 1 : 1
50 kg
The bag contains nitrogen.
Write down the name of one other element shown on the bag.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
Macmillan Academy
2
(c)
Kathy adds 1000 g of fertiliser to some water.
The fertiliser contains 3% nitrogen.
Work out how many grams of nitrogen she uses.
Put a
ring
0.3 g
around the correct answer.
3g
30 g
300 g
3000 g
[1]
(d)
The plants grown by Kathy use the nitrates.
What do the plants make using the nitrates?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(e)
Kathy has grown too many tomatoes to eat all at once.
Suggest two ways she could preserve the tomatoes.
1 .....................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 7 marks]
3.
Look at the diagram. It shows a food chain.
40 lettuces
Macmillan Academy
100 caterpillars
10 blue tits
3
(a)
The lettuces are producers. They make biomass.
(i)
What is meant by biomass?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
What is the source of energy for the lettuce plants?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
(i)
Finish the pyramid of numbers to include the caterpillars and blue tits.
Make sure the bars are drawn to scale.
40 lettuces
[1]
(ii)
A pyramid of biomass for this food chain would be a different shape.
Describe how the shape would be different.
You may use a diagram to help you answer.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
Macmillan Academy
4
(c)
Energy is ‘lost’ from each stage of the food chain.
Write down one way in which energy is lost.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 5 marks]
4.
Look at the picture.
It shows a farmer spraying crops with chemicals.
(a)
The farmer uses different chemicals to do different jobs.
Draw a straight line from each chemical to its job.
Macmillan Academy
chemical
job
fungicide
kills weeds
herbicide
kills beetles
insecticide
kills fungus
5
[2]
(b)
Some farmers control pests without using chemicals.
Ladybirds can be used to eat pests called aphids.
Write down the name given to this type of pest control.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 3 marks]
5.
This question is about Intensive Farming.
(a)
(i)
Look at the list of chemicals.
bactericide
fungicide
herbicide
insecticide
pesticide
What type of chemical would farmers use to kill weeds?
Choose your answer from the list.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Using chemicals to kill weeds and animal pests can cause harm to other
living things.
Explain how.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[2]
Macmillan Academy
6
(b)
Some farmers do not use manufactured chemicals to kill weeds.
(i)
What is the name of the type of farming that does not use manufactured
chemicals?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Describe one technique this type of farmer could use to stop weeds.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 5 marks]
6.
This question is about decay.
When dead plant material decays it makes gases.
One of the gases is methane.
The methane can be collected using a methane generator
Methane can be used as a fuel.
Methane
Decaying plant material
(a)
Look at the list of plant materials.
dry straw
coconut shells
grass cuttings
tree bark
wooden branches
Macmillan Academy
7
(i)
Chris wants to make methane more quickly.
Which material would be best to use in the methane generator?
Choose your answer from the list.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Explain your answer.
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
There are living things in the methane generator.
These organisms make the plant material decay.
What kind of living things makes the plant material decay?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
The methane generator is not making much methane.
Suggest two things Chris could do to the generator to make more methane.
Explain your answers.
1. What Chris could do:..................................................................................
Explanation: ...................................................................................................
[1]
2. What Chris could do:..................................................................................
Explanation: ...................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 5 marks]
Macmillan Academy
8
7.
Mr. Jones has a hedge of conifer trees. The trees grow quickly.
(a)
When it rains, puddles of water form on Mr. Jones’ garden.
Mr. Jones notices that there are no cracks in the soil near to the trees.
He also notices that the puddles near to the trees are always in shadow.
The puddles near to the trees disappear faster than the other puddles.
Suggest why.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
(b)
The table shows some information about the trees.
It also shows some information about the conditions in the garden.
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Average day
temperature
in °C
–1
3
5
8
11
16
14
15
13
10
7
4
Average hours
of daylight
per day
6
8
10
12
13
15
14
12
10
9
8
6
Growth rate of
trees in cm
per month
0
0
0
4
17
32
25
14
5
3
1
0
Macmillan Academy
9
Look at the table.
(i)
During which month did the trees grow fastest?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Suggest two reasons why the trees grow fastest in this month.
Use information from the table to help you to answer.
1 ............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
2 ............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 5 marks]
8.
This question is about plant cells.
The diagram shows some cells from inside a green leaf of a tree.
nucleus
cell
membrane
(a)
(i)
X...............................
Y...............................
Complete the labels X and Y on the diagram.
[2]
(ii)
Write down the job of part Y
...............................................................................................................
[1]
Macmillan Academy
10
(b)
These leaf cells also contain chloroplasts.
What is the job of chloroplasts?
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 5 marks]
9.
Look at the energy flow through a cow.
grass
3000 kJ per 1m 2
cow
growth
60 kJ
(a)
(i)
faeces and urine
1800 kJ
heat
For every 1 m2 of grass that a cow eats, how much energy is transferred as
heat?
answer …………………………… kJ
[1]
(ii)
What process in the cow’s cells releases heat?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
Macmillan Academy
11
(b)
What percentage of the energy in 1 m2 of grass is used for the cow’s growth?
answer …………………………… %
[1]
(c)
If humans use the milk and meat from a cow, what is the maximum amount of
energy they can get for every 1 m2 of grass?
Put a ring around the best answer.
30 kJ
300 kJ
1200 kJ
1860 kJ
3000 kJ
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
10.
Matt has a compost heap in his garden.
He fills it with dead leaves and grass cuttings which decay to form compost.
Macmillan Academy
12
(a)
Write down the name of one type of microorganism that causes the dead leaves
and grass cuttings to decay.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
Matt notices that the things in the compost heap decay faster at some times than
at others.
(i)
Why do things decay faster in the summer compared to the winter?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
Matt regularly digs the compost heap over with a spade.
Why does this make things decay faster?
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
Matt’s neighbour tells him he should put kitchen waste, such as vegetable
peelings, on the compost heap.
Matt is not sure whether to put other waste, such as plastic food containers, on
the compost heap.
Should he put plastic food containers on the compost heap? .......................
Explain your answer. .....................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
Macmillan Academy
13
11.
Chris is a farmer.
(a)
Chris has a problem because insects are eating her plant crops.
She is thinking about using a chemical to kill these insects.
Which type of chemical should she use?
Put a
ring
around the correct answer.
fungicide
herbicide
pesticide
[1]
(b)
Chris decides to use organic farming methods to stop the insects.
She decides to use biological control.
What is biological control?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
Chris also uses fertilisers. These help her crops grow.
Choose two substances you would expect to find in fertiliser.
Put
rings around the two correct answers.
carbon dioxide
chlorophyll
phosphate
potassium
sugar
[2]
[Total 4 marks]
Macmillan Academy
14
12.
Look at the food chain found in Africa.
grass
zebras
lions
(a)
(i)
Grass is the producer in this food chain.
What does the word producer mean?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
The zebras and lions are consumers in this food chain.
What does the word consumer mean?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
The diagram shows how a lion transfers energy.
heat from respiration
630 kJ
food eaten
1000 kJ
lion
growth
waste
260 kJ
Macmillan Academy
15
(i)
For every 1000 kJ of food energy, how much energy does the lion use for
growth?
........................................................... kJ
[1]
(ii)
For every 1000 kJ of food energy, the amounts of energy that a lion cub
transfers as heat, growth and waste are different from an adult lion.
Suggest one way that the amounts of energy a lion cub transfers would be
different from an adult lion.
...............................................................................................................
Explain your answer. ............................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
13.
The diagram shows a plant cell.
Macmillan Academy
16
What are the names of parts X, Y and Z?
Write your answers on the diagram.
Choose your answers from the list below.
cell membrane
cell wall
chloroplast
cytoplasm
nucleus
vacuole
[Total 3 marks]
14.
When Eileen cuts her grass, she puts the cuttings in a heap at the end of her garden.
The grass cuttings decay to form compost.
Eileen adds the compost to the soil in her garden.
(a)
Decay is caused by decomposers.
Write down one example of a decomposer.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
Decay happens faster in the spring than in the winter.
Suggest why.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
Macmillan Academy
17
(c)
The decomposers release carbon dioxide. This is part of the carbon cycle.
Put
rings around two processes that release carbon dioxide.
combustion
diffusion
photosynthesis
respiration
translocation
transpiration
[2]
[Total 4 marks]
15.
Dale grows tomatoes.
Greenflies sometimes damage his tomato plants.
(a)
One way to control the greenflies is to use chemicals.
What type of chemical should Dale use to control greenflies?
Put a ring around the chemical that he should use.
fungicide
herbicide
insecticide
[1]
(b)
Another way of controlling greenflies is to use biological control.
What is biological control?
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[1]
Macmillan Academy
18
(c)
Dale does not grow his tomatoes in soil.
Instead he uses water to supply them with minerals.
What is this called?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(d)
Which part of Dale’s tomato plants takes in the minerals?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
16.
The diagram shows a plant.
Macmillan Academy
19
(a)
Write about how water moves through a plant.
In your answer include
•
where water enters a plant
•
where water leaves a plant
•
the processes involved.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[3]
(b)
In which part of a plant does most photosynthesis occur?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
17.
Look at the information about a farmland food chain.
number of
individuals
mass of an individual
in g
total biomass
in g
cabbages
8
250
……………
caterpillars
400
2
800
thrushes
5
80
400
hawks
……………
200
200
(a)
(i)
Complete the table.
[2]
Macmillan Academy
20
(ii)
Use the data in the table to complete the pyramid of biomass.
•
Use 1 cm square = 200 g.
•
Label the pyramid.
The bar for cabbages has been done for you.
cabbages
[2]
(b)
Some plant biomass can be used for fuel.
Write down one example of a fuel from plant biomass.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 5 marks]
18.
Chris is a farmer.
He grows cabbages in one of his fields.
Look at part of the food web in his cabbage field.
sun
hawthorn hedge
dandelions
cabbages
caterpillars
thrushes
Macmillan Academy
21
(a)
Chris puts pesticide on his cabbage field.
(i)
What is Chris trying to kill with the pesticide?
Choose your answer from the food web.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
How does using the pesticide improve the cabbage crop?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
Chris puts herbicide on his cabbage field.
(i)
What is Chris trying to kill with the herbicide?
Choose your answer from the food web.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(ii)
How does using the herbicide improve the cabbage crop?
...............................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
Macmillan Academy
22
19.
Look at the diagram. It shows some different types of household waste.
(a)
Grass cuttings can decay.
Write down one other type of household waste that can decay.
Choose your answer from the diagram above.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
(b)
Bob puts his grass cuttings into a compost bin.
(i)
The holes help the grass cuttings to decay.
Suggest how.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
Macmillan Academy
23
(ii)
Grass cuttings decay faster in the summer than in the winter.
Suggest why.
...............................................................................................................
[1]
(c)
When grass cuttings decay, carbon dioxide is made.
What makes this carbon dioxide?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
20.
Look at the diagram of a plant cell.
X
chloroplast
cell wall
(a)
What is part X?
Put a ring around the correct answer.
cell membrane
cytoplasm
nucleus
vacuole
[1]
Macmillan Academy
24
(b)
Chloroplasts are needed for plants to grow.
Explain why, as fully as you can.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
(c)
What is the job of the cell wall?
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
21.
Kate is investigating water loss in plants.
She sets up three flasks, A, B and C.
water
water
water
balance
A
Macmillan Academy
B
C
25
(a)
All the flasks weigh the same at the start.
Kate leaves the flasks for 24 hours.
Which flask would you expect to lose most weight after 24 hours? ...............
Explain your answer.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[3]
(b)
Kate leaves the plants in the flasks to grow.
She keeps the water filled up and makes sure the plants have enough light.
However, the plants don’t grow very well and the leaves become yellow.
Kate’s teacher says that this is because the plants are not getting something from
the water.
Suggest what Kate could add to the water to stop the leaves becoming yellow.
........................................................................................................................
[1]
[Total 4 marks]
Macmillan Academy
26
22.
Kate is growing geraniums in her garden.
flower
leaf
stem
roots
(a)
Draw a straight line to match each part of a plant with its job.
One has been done for you.
part of plant
job
flower
anchorage
leaf
photosynthesis
root
reproduction
stem
support
[2]
Macmillan Academy
27
(b)
Geranium leaves are adapted for efficient photosynthesis.
Describe two ways leaves are adapted for efficient photosynthesis.
1 .....................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
2 .....................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
(c)
Plants lose water from their leaves. This is called transpiration.
Describe how transpiration happens.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
(d)
Kate wants to put one of her geraniums in a pot.
She digs up one of them.
Unfortunately many of the roots break off.
She plants the geranium in a pot.
However, even though she waters it regularly, the geranium wilts (droops).
Explain why it wilts.
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
........................................................................................................................
[2]
[Total 8 marks]
Macmillan Academy
28