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Science Study Guide
Unit D The Body’s Systems = Pages D4 – D31
Test on Thursday, April 26th
A. Know these vocabulary words:
1. system – a group of body parts that work together to perform a job
2. organ – a body part that does a special job within a body system
3. tissue – a group of cells that look alike and work together to do a certain job
4. cell – the basic unit of all living things, including the human body
5. cartilage - a tough, rubbery tissue that makes up parts of the skeleton
6. joint – the place where two bones come together
7. ligament – a strong, flexible tissue that holds bones together at a joint
8. muscle – body tissue that moves parts of the body
9. tendon – a strong cord of tissue that attaches a muscle to a bone
10. voluntary muscles – the kind of muscle that a person can control
11. involuntary muscles – the kind of muscle that works without a person’s control
B. Know these facts for the test:
1. To see a cell, you must look through a microscope like the one on this page.
2. Muscle cells form muscle tissue.
3. Nerve cells form nerve tissue.
4. Bone cells form bone tissue.
5. Your brain controls what you think and do.
6. About 200 bones make up your body’s skeleton, also called the skeletal system.
7. Once you are grown, cartilage remains in your ears and the tip of your nose.
8. Pictures called X-rays help doctors see broken bones.
9. A cast holds a broken bone in the correct position while it mends (heals).
10. Your body’s muscular system includes more than 600 muscles.
11. The top muscle in each upper arm is called the biceps and the muscle opposite the biceps is the
triceps.
12. Blood brings oxygen and nutrients to cells.
13. Your heart and blood vessels make up your circulatory system.
14. Your brain and nerves work together to make up the nervous system.
15. Your lungs and the tubes leading to them make up your respiratory system.
16. Your stomach and intestines make up your digestive system.
17. Carbon dioxide leaves your body when you breathe out.
18. The long, very thick bundle of nerves that goes from the brain down the back is called the spinal
cord.
19. Your heart is the strongest muscle that you have.
20. Hinge joints work like door hinges; they let your arms and legs bend in one direction.
21. The ribs form a cage that protects your heart and lungs.
C.Be able to label the 6 body systems.
1. Nervous System
2. Digestive System
3. Skeletal System
4. Circulatory System
5. Muscular System
6. Respiratory System