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Transcript 
CHAPTER 6CELLS
P.156-172
THE CELL THEORY
 DETERMINED FROM USING BOTH
THE LIGHT AND ELECTRON
MICROSCOPES
1. CELLS ARE THE BASIC UNITS OF
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION IN
LIVING ORGANISMS
2.
ALL CELLS COME FROM
PREEXISTING CELLS
SCIENTISTS
1. ROBERT HOOKENAMED CELLS BY
OBSERVING CORK (THE CELL
WALL)
2.
ROBERT BROWN  OBSERVED
THE NUCLEUS
3.
M.J.SCHLEIDEN OBSERVED
PLANT CELLS
4.
THEODOR SCHWANN
OBSERVED ANIMAL CELLS
5.
ANTON VANLEEUWENHOEK
OBSERVED MICROORGANISMS
UNDER THE FIRST MICROSCOPE
6.
RUDOLF VIRCHOWSAID ALL
CELLS COME FROM OTHER CELLS
2 MAIN TYPES OF CELLS
1. PROKARYOTIC
 NO MEMBRANE-BOUND NUCLEUS
OR ORGANELLES
 NUCLEOID AREA FOR
CHROMOSOMAL DNA
 RIBOSOMES
 CYTOSOL OR CYTOPLASM
 BACTERIA (KINGDOM MONERA)
2.





EUKARYOTIC
HAS MEMBRANE-BOUND
NUCLEUS WITH ORGANELLES
DNA IN NUCLEUS
RIBOSOMES
CYTOPLASM
ANIMAL, PLANT, FUNGI, AND
PROTISTA KINGDOMS
EUKARYOTIC CELL STRUCTURES
1.
CELL/PLASMA MEMBRANE
 ALLOWS MATERIALS TO ENTER
AND EXIT THE CELL
2.
CELL WALL
 MADE OF CELLULOSE, IN
PLANTS FOR STRUCTURE AND
SUPPORT
3.
CYTOPLASM/CYTOSOL
 BETWEEN CELL MEMBRANE AND
NUCLEUS, JELLYLIKE MATERIAL
FOR CELLULAR METABOLISM
4.
NUCLEUS
 CONTROL CENTER AND ALLOWS
FOR CELL REPRODUCTION
 NUCLEAR MEMBRANE OR
ENVELOPE SURROUNDS IT
 HAS CHROMOSOMES
CONTAINING DNA
 SPHERICAL NUCLEOLUS WHICH
MAKES RIBOSOMES WITHIN IT
5.
CYTOMEMBRANE SYSTEM
 ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM (ER)
IS THE PASSAGEWAY FOR
CELLULAR TRANSPORT
 RIBOSOMES FOR PROTEIN
SYNTHESIS
 GOLGI APPARATUS TO MAKE
VESICLES WITH PACKAGED
PROTEINS AND CHEMICALS
FOR SECRETION, ALSO FOR
CELLULAR STORAGE
6.
LYSOSOMES
 VESICLES FILLED WITH
ENZYMES TO DIGEST
SUBSTANCES
(ANIMAL CELLS ONLY)
7.
VACUOLES
 IN PLANTS FOR CELLULAR
STORAGE OF WATER,
NUTRIENTS AND ENZYMES
8.
CENTRIOLES
 IN ANIMALS FOR CELL
DIVISION (MITOSIS)
9.
FLAGELLA/CILIA
 IN ANIMALS/PROTISTS FOR
CELLULAR MOVEMENT
10.
CYTOSKELETON
 MICROFILAMENTS AND
MICROTUBULES FOR CELLULAR
MOVEMENT AND SHAPE
11.
MITOCHONDRIA
 IN BOTH PLANT AND ANIMAL
CELLS FOR ENERGY (ATP)
PRODUCTION
12.
CHLOROPLASTS
 FOUND IN PLANT CELLS FOR
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
ORGANISM ORGANIZATION
CELLSTISSUESORGANORGAN
SYSTEMORGANISM
EXAMPLEHEART CELLSHEART
TISSUETHE HEARTCIRCULATORY
SYSTEM
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