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Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Assessment Concept Review Section: Characteristics of Stars In the space provided, write the letter of the definition that best matches the term or phrase. _____ 1. absolute magnitude _____ 2. light-year _____ 3. parallax _____ 4. apparent magnitude _____ 5. Doppler effect a. the apparent shift in wavelength of light as the source moves away from or toward an observer b. an apparent shift in position of an object when viewed from different locations c. the brightness of a star as seen from Earth d. the brightness of a star if all the stars were at a uniform distance from Earth e. the distance light travels in a year MULTIPLE CHOICE In the space provided, write the letter of the answer choice that best completes each statement or best answers each question. _____ 6. What color are the coolest stars? a. orange b. blue c. white d. red _____ 7. Stars appear to move in the sky because a. the sky is rotating. b. Earth is moving. c. the universe is expanding. d. galaxies are forming. _____ 8. A star moving away from Earth has a spectrum that is a. losing its color. c. shifted toward red. b. shifted toward blue. d. unchanged. _____ 9. About how many stars are visible from Earth without a telescope? a. 6,000 c. 3 billion b. many billions d. a million _____ 10. Scientists determine the composition and temperature of stars a. by sampling matter on the surface of stars. b. by analyzing the vibrations that stars emit. c. through magnetic testing. d. by analyzing the spectra of the light that stars emit. Original content Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt McDougal Earth Science 29 Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe Name ______________________________ Class ___________________ Date __________________ Assessment Concept Review Section: Stellar Evolution MATCHING In the space provided, write the letter of the definition that best matches the term or phrase. _____ 1. nebula _____ 2. nova _____ 3. neutron star _____ 4. protostar _____ 5. black hole a. a dense, collapsed star whose electrons and protons smashed together to form neutrons b. a large cloud of gas and dust in space where stars are born c. a shrinking, spinning region in space with a central concentration of matter d. a large explosion on a star that makes it brighter e. an object so dense that even light cannot escape its gravity MULTIPLE CHOICE In the space provided, write the letter of the answer choice that best completes each statement or best answers each question. _____ 6. A small, hot, extremely dense core left after a star collapses is a a. red giant. c. nova. b. pulsar. d. white dwarf. _____ 7. During the main-sequence stage, how is energy generated in a star’s core? a. Hydrogen fuses into helium. b. Carbon fuses into hydrogen. c. Helium fuses into hydrogen. d. Carbon fuses into oxygen. _____ 8. How long would a star with the sun’s mass stay on the main sequence? a. a million years c. 10 trillion years b. a billion years d. 10 billion years _____ 9. After a protostar’s temperature rises to 10,000,000 °C, it becomes a star when a. nuclear fusion ends. c. nuclear fission begins. b. nuclear fusion begins. d. nuclear fission ends. _____ 10. A large, bright star whose hot core has used most of its hydrogen is a a. nova. c. giant. b. supernova. d. pulsar. Original content Copyright © Holt McDougal. All rights reserved. Additions and changes to the original content are the responsibility of the instructor. Holt McDougal Earth Science 30 Stars, Galaxies, and the Universe