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The Civil War: Powerpoint Notes
1. The capital of the Confederacy was Richmond, VA
2. The capital of the Union was Washington, D.C
3. The four slave states loyal to the Union were called Border States.
4. In 1861, West Virginia seceded from Virginia, created their own state, and joined the Union.
5. What were the North’s advantages at the beginning of the war?
1. Larger population (22 million to 9 million)
2. Industry
3. Abundant Resources
4. Banking System
5. Shipyards & Navy
6. Railway System and Telegraphs
7. Abraham Lincoln
6. What were the North’s disadvantages at the beginning of the war?
1. Needed to invade and hold the South
2. Strong Southern war support
7. What were the South’s advantages at the beginning of the war?
1. Strong support of the white population
2. Fighting on their own ground- defending their way of life
3. Superior military leaders like Robert E. Lee and Stonewall Jackson
8. What were the South’s disadvantages at the beginning of the war?
1. Smaller population (9 million: 3 million of which were slaves)
2. Few factories to make weapons
3. Half as much food as the North
4. Few railroads
5. The south was a confederation, creating a weak central government.
9. What was the main goal of the North? To bring the South Back to the Union
10. Their war plan was called the Anaconda Plan With it they would:
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Blockade Southern ports (no supplies)
Gain control of the Mississippi River and cut the South in half
Capture the Confederate capital, Richmond, Virginia.
11. The main goal of the South was to be Recognized as an independent Nation
12. The South’s plan was:
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Defend their homeland and tire out the North
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Get Great Britain or France to join them against the North
13. Confederate soldiers were called Rebels
14. Union soldiers were called Yankees
15. The first major battle of the war was the First Battle of Bull Run which was a victory for the Confederates
16. Lincoln ordered a Naval Blockade of Southern ports to keep the South from:
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Exporting cotton
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Importing needed war supplies
17. On March 9, 1862, the Merrimack and the Monitor met in the first battle between two ironclads, changing
naval warfare forever.
18. The Union plan in the West was to (Anaconda Plan) was to gain control of the Mississippi River and split
the Confederacy in half.
19. The Union general in the West was Ulysses S. Grant.
20. Two of the bloodiest days of the war occurred during the Battle of Shiloh.
21. The North lost the Second Battle of Bull Run in August 1862.
22. Davis hoped a victory in Northern territory would convince Britain and France to recognize and support the
Confederacy.
23. The two sides met in Maryland in the Battle of Antietam on September 17, 1862.
24. The Battle of Antietam was the single Bloodiest day of the war.
25. From the beginning, the North’s goal was to Preserve the Union but that began to change as the war dragged
on.
26. Lincoln signed the Emancipation Proclamation on January 1, 1863 declaring that all slaves in the
Confederate states only were from now on free.
27. It applied only to the Confederate States and therefore freed no slaves
28. In 1865 the 13th amendment was ratified, Truly freed all slaves.
29. The most famous African American army regiment was the 54th Massachusetts regiment
30. During the war, Clara Barton founded the American Red Cross
31. “Copperheads” were Northern Democrats that favored negotiating with the Confederates to end the war and
leave slavery in the South, they became Lincoln’s political enemies.
32. Confederate General Stonewall Jackson died at the Battle of Chancellorsville after being accidentally shot by
his own men.
33. Union troops surprised Rebels in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania raiding the town for shoes.
34. For the next three days, the Battle of Gettysburg was fought. The Confederates were led by Robert E. Lee
while the Union forces were commanded by Geroge Meade. The North (Union) will win this important
battle.
35. Lee’s defeat at Gettysburg ended his attempts at victory in the North.
36. The capture of Vicksburg, Mississippi by Union general Ulysses S. Grant allowed the North to accomplish
the Anaconda Plan.
37. Union victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg were the turning point of the Civil War.
38. In March 1864, Lincoln placed Ulysses S. Grant in charge of all Union armies.
39. Who won the presidential election of 1864? Lincoln
40. In Lincoln’s Second Inaugural Address he said “with malice toward none, with charity for all… let us
strive… to bind the nation’s wounds.”
41. Union General Sherman burned Atlanta to the ground and marched to Savannah, Georgia on his famous
“march to the sea.”
42. On April 9, 1865 Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox Court House, in Virginia.
43. Grant’s terms of surrender were Generous.
44. There were several consequences of the Civil War:
1. 600,000 soldiers died
2. Caused billions of dollars of damage
3. Many angry Southerners, would remain angry for generations
4. Saved the Union and strengthened the federal government
5. Freed millions of African Americans
REVIEW OF MAJOR BATTLES/EVENTS
A. The first battle of the Civil War was when Confederate forces attacked Fort Sumter in Charleston,
South Carolina.
B. A major turning point occurred in the Battle of Gettysburg in Pennsylvania where Robert E. Lee’s
attempt at winning in the North was repelled.
C. The North’s victory at the Battle of Vicksburg gave the Union control of the Mississippi River.
D. Robert E. Lee surrendered the Confederates to Ulysses S. Grant and the Union Appomattox Court
House in 1865, finally ending the American Civil War.