Download CE Comprehensive NC Final Review

CIVICS NC Final REVIEW
Name____________________________
Unit 1 Founding Principles
1. What is mercantilism?
2. Enlightenment Thinkers
Main Ideas
Influence
Locke
Hobbes
Montesquieu
Rousseau
3. How did the Magna Carta limit the power of the English king?
4. How did the English Bill of Rights limit the power of the government?
5. What was salutary neglect?
6. How will colonists’ feelings toward this practice change in 1763?
7. How did the economic practice of mercantilism cause colonists to feel about mother England?
8. Know how each event led to calls for independence by the colonists:
Writs of Assistance
Quartering Act
Stamp Act
Tea Act
“No Taxation without Representation”
Boston Tea Party
Sons of Liberty
George Washington
9. How did boycotts play a role in colonial rebellion?
10. Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
11. Whose ideas influenced its content?
12. What was the purpose of the Declaration of Independence?
13. How did Shay’s Rebellion change people’s opinions about the Articles of Confederation?
14. What issue was at the center of the rebellion?
15. What were the weaknesses of the Articles of Confederation?
16. What was the purpose of the Constitutional Convention?
17. Constitutional Compromises
Issue
New Jersey plan-
The Great Compromise-
Representation
Virginia planSlavery
Electing the President
18. Compare the views of the Federalists and Anti-Federalists on government.
Federalists
People
People
Anti-Federalists
Who should have power?
Who should have power?
Strict or Loose Interpretation of the Constitution
Strict or Loose Interpretation of the Constitution
Do they want a Bill of Rights?
Do they want a Bill of Rights?
19. What was the purpose of the Federalist Papers?
20. How did the debates of Federalists and Anti-Federalists affect the US Constitution?
21. Explain the key principles included in the Constitution?
Separation of Powers
Checks and Balances
Rule of Law
Popular Sovereignty
Federalism
22. When was the Constitution ratified?
23. Write 5 examples of individual civil rights (think first 10 amendments.
24. KNOW THE BILL OF RIGHTS AND ALL AMENDMENTS
25. Types of Governments
Democracy-
Dictatorship/Totalitarian-
Representative democracyTheocracy-
Oligarchy-
Absolute Monarchy-
Constitutional Monarchy –
Unit 2: The Structure and Function of Government
1. What is stated in the Preamble?
2. What is “full faith and credit?”
3. How is the Constitution a “Living Document”?
4. What are implied powers?
5. What clause of the Constitution allows for them to be used?
6. Powers of government (see Chapter 6 Section 2 of your textbook)
Expressed Powers of Congress
Implied Powers of Congress
Nonlegislative Powers of Congress
7. How does the Constitution create a framework for the US government?
Article 1
Laughing
Article 2
Elves
Article 3
Join
Article 4
Santa
Article 5
And
Article 6
Santa’s
Article 7
Reindeer
8. What is the title is the leader of the House of Representatives?
9. Who is the official leader of the Senate whose only job it is to break a tie??
10. Who is the leader of the Senate in their absence?
11. Who draws the legislative districts and when are they drawn?
12. How is the committee system used in Congress? (What do the standing, conference, and joint committees do in
Congress?)
13. Know how a bill becomes a law.
14. On which level/s (federal, state, local) must a bill be read 3 times? On which level is the law called an “ordinance”?
15. How can Congress override a presidential veto?
16. What tactic is used in the Senate to delay a vote on a bill so that it dies?
17. Explain the role of the President and the role of Congress in controlling foreign policy. (war powers, treaties,
emergencies, declaring war…)
18. How many justices make up the US Supreme Court?
19. Who appoints them?
20. Who approves them?
21. Examples of Jurisdiction – which court has the following jurisdictions?
Original Jurisdiction
Appellate Jurisdiction
Concurrent Jurisdiction
Exclusive Jurisdiction
22. Complete the checks and balances chart below.
23. Supreme Court Cases – Write the majority opinion of each case and the amendment (when applicable).
Implied powers of the Constitution
Plessy v. Ferguson
Brown v. Board of Education
Judicial Review
Marbury v. Madison
Elastic Clause and Supremacy clause and Art 1
McColloch v. Maryland
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenburg
Gibbons v. Ogden
Korematsu v. US
Heart of Atlanta Motel v. US
Individual Rights
Furman v. Georgia-
Tinker v. Des Moines-
Gregg v. Georgia-
Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier-
Gideon v. Wainwright-
Texas v. Johnson-
Regents of the University of California
v. Bakke-
Engel v. VitaleMiranda v. Arizona-
New Jersey v. TLOMapp v. OhioBethel School District v. FraserIn re Gault24. What are some services governments provide?
US (at least 5)
NC (at least 4)
Local (at least 3)
25. Fill in the chart:
What is it?
Income tax
Sales tax
Property tax
Excise tax
Estate and gift taxes
Customs duties
Intergovernmental Revenue
26.What is the largest expenditure of the federal government?
27. What is Medicare? Medicaid?
Type (progressive, regressive,
proportional)
28. What government agencies protect the safety of citizens?
Crime Control
Federal
FBI, US Marshals, CIA
State
SBI, State Trooper,
Highway Patrol,
DMV
Sheriff,
Metropolitan
National Security
Army, Navy, Marines, Coast
Guard
Immigration
ICE
Border Patrol
National Guard
Police
Local
Magistrate
29. What are consequences for noncompliance to the law? Community Service, Propaganda, House Arrest, Fine, Arrest
Unit 2 Structure and Function of Government - NC
1. How many constitutions has North Carolina had? How are they different?
2. What is a charter?
3. What role does the NC government play in the creation of local governments?
4. Fill in the chart:
BRANCH
NC Executive
branch
Structure
NC Legislative
branch
NC Judicial
branch
5. Where in the North Carolina Constitution do we find the rights of citizens?
6. How can the North Carolina constitution be changed?
7. What is meant by “equal protection of the laws” on a state level?
8. How does the 14th amendment restrict the actions of states?
Function
9. What are the sources of tax money for the state of North Carolina and local governments?
State
Personal and corporate income taxes
Sales tax
Excise taxes
intergovernmental revenues- from other
levels of government
Local
property taxes
utility user fees
intergovernmental revenues- from other levels
of government
10. What is the largest expenditure of NC government?
11. Give examples of services provided by state and local governments.
State
Local
Court system, public schools, consumer
Elections, jails, mental health services, public
Protection (Attorney General’s office),
schools, social services, utilities, cemeteries, highways, prisons and
mental institutions,
libraries, street lights, traffic control, animal
state parks
shelters, fire protection, land use regulation (zoning,
annexation), parks, public housing, solid waste
collection, water supply, airports
12. What was the ruling in the Leandro case?
13. What was the ruling in State v. Mann?
14. Compare and contrast the US and State Constitutions. List at least 3 major differences.
Unit 3 Elections, etc
1. What is a political Party and what are the functions of Political Parties?
2. What party system do we have in the US?
3. What are the major parties?
4. What are third parties?
5. Why do they run for office even though they know they will not win?
6. How are parties in a multiparty system able to achieve their political agenda?
7. What are the requirements to vote in North Carolina?
8. Define each of the following:
a. Primary Electionb. National Conventionc. General Election –
d. Electoral College
9. What are the various ways your opinion can be influenced?
10. Public hearings, forum, propaganda, interest groups, media, personal background, debates
11. What three levels of organization are there in political parties? What is the job/goal of each of these levels?
Federal
State
Local /Precinct
Put on the national nominating Focus on electing party
each city or county is
convention for President/ VP
members to state office- governor,
divided into election
attorney general, state legislature
districts called precincts
Write platform at convention
encourage voter turnout
campaign committees- elect
on election day, organize
members to Congress and
poll workers on election
raise money for candidates
day, distribute leaflets
about candidates, register
voters
Elect local officialssheriff, mayor, etc.
12. What is a precinct?
Work at the “Grassroots”
or neighborhood level
13. What is the difference between a plank and a platform?
14. What are the five groups on the political spectrum?
15. What is the difference between an Initiative and Referendum?
16. Define and give examples of each:
DutyResponsibility-
17. What role do interest groups play in the political process?
18. What is the job of a lobbyist?
19. Examples of ways conflicts can be resolved. Mediation, arbitration, courts, election, recall, government agencies
(National, state, local)
Unit 5
Law
1. Define jurisdiction:
2. What kinds of cases are handled by federal courts? Use the word bank below to complete the chart.
3. What are the steps in a criminal trial?
4. If you decided to plea not guilty and you go to court you can be found
guilty or (convicted/acquitted). Or you can be found not guilty or
(convicted/acquitted).
5. If the jury can not reach a verdict they are a ________ jury.
6. It is the job of the __________________________ to decide not
guilty or guilty and the job of the
______________________to pass sentence.
7. Describe each of the following laws and how they became incorporated into the American system of laws:
a. Magna Carta
b. English Bill of Rights
c. Habeas Corpus
8. How important is each part of due process for the accused? Which individual right is protected in the following:
Presumption of
innocence
Due process
Impartial tribunal
Right to counsel
Trial by jury
Right against selfincrimination
Protection against
double jeopardy
9. How are laws influenced by?
Political parties
Constituents
Interest groups
Lobbyists
Media
Public opinion
10. TYPE OF
LAW
DEFINITIONS / EXAMPLES
Criminal Law
Civil Law
Constitutional
Law
Administrative
Law
Statutory Law
Common/Case
Law
Precedents
Prosecution
Defense
Lawsuit
Plaintiff
11. What is the difference between a statute and an ordinance?
Unit 6: Economics – Introduction, Basic Terms
1. Fill in the chart: FACTORS OF PRODUCTION
(labor = human, land = natural)
FACTOR OF
DEFINITION
PRODUCTION
EXAMPLES
C
E
L
L
2. What is economics the study of?
3. What is the difference between a want and a need?
4. What are the three essential economic questions that all societies must answer?
5. Important economic terms - give the definition and an example of each:
Economic term
Definition
Example
Trade off
Opportunity cost
Fixed costs
Variable costs
Total cost
Profit Incentive
6. Define scarcity:
7. Define consumer:
8. How can specialization and the division of labor increase output?
9. Describe the major components of each type of economic system include who answers the basic economic questions
Market Economy
Command Economy
Traditional Economy
Mixed Economy
10. What important aspect of a free enterprise system was first talked about in Adam Smith’s Wealth of Nations?
Unit 6: Economics – Market Characteristics
1. Fill in the Circular Flow Model.
2.
MARKET
WHAT HAPPENS IN THE MARKET
Product Market
Factor Market
3. Supply, Demand, and Prices
draw a supply curve
draw a demand curve
What are the factors that would change supply?
What are the factors that would change demand?
4. How do substitutes and complements affect demand?
a. substitutes that decline in price affect supply?
b. substitutes that decline in price affect demand?
c. complements that decline in price affect supply?
d. complements that decline in price affect demand?
e. If the price of jelly increases, explain the effect on supply and demand of peanut butter.
f. If the price of gas increases, explain the effect on the supply and demand for hybrid cars.
5. Draw and label the graph of the supply and demand curve appropriately with the following: Surplus, Shortage,
Equilibrium price, Price, and Quantity.
6.
TERM
DEFINITION
WHAT HAPPENS TO PRICES
Surplus
Shortage
Graph the shift in supply or demand in the scenarios below. Be sure to include: price, quantity, curve, direction,
determinant, how the equilibrium price and quantity change when the lines shift.
7. Godiva chocolate when it is an announced that chocolate causes cancer.
8. Godiva chocolate when the price of sugar increases.
9. Godiva chocolate goes on sale.
10. What are the ways the government can affect prices? price ceiling, price floor, tax policies, subsidies, and incentives
11. What effect does inflation have on prices?
12. What effect does deflation have on prices?
13. Why is invisible hand important in our economy?
14. How does a monopoly hurt the consumer?
15.
TYPE OF
BUSINESS
DEFINITION
ADVANTAGES
DISADVANTAGES
Sole
Proprietorship
Partnerships
Corporation
16. Corporation owners are called ________________. They buy/sell stocks in the ________ _______. What is
their liability?_________ What does this mean?_______________
17. What is a labor union?
18. When do business leaders and labor unions use collective bargaining?
19. What are ways labor unions attempt to get management to agree to their terms?
20. What are ways management attempt to get labor to agree to their terms?
21. The banking system
Commercial banks
Savings and loan
associations
Credit unions
22. What does the FDIC do?
Unit 6: Economics: the business cycle, Monetary and Fiscal policies
1. What is GDP?
2. How does GDP determine our standard of living? How does the business cycle reflect GDP?
3. What is the Consumer Price Index(CPI)? What does it measure?
4. Describe what is shown on the graph. CHANGE THE TERM “recession” to “contraction”.
a. Describe a contraction using the
terms GDP, unemployment, stock
prices=
b. Describe an expansion using the
terms GDP, unemployment, stock
prices=
5. What happens to prices and jobs (unemployment levels)…
During a Contraction?
During Expansion?
6. What role does the Fed (the Federal Reserve) play in the economy?
7. Fed’s tools of monetary policy
Tool of foreign policy
What it is
How it affects the money supply
Reserve requirements
Discount rate
Open market operations
Expand the money supply = increase the money supply= stimulate the economy
Contract the money supply = decreased the money supply = slow the economy
8. If the Federal Reserve raises the discount rate, they want to ______ the money supply and make interest rates _____.
9. If the Federal Reserve lowers the discount rate, they want to ______ the money supply and make interest rates _____.
10. If the Federal Reserve raises the reserve requirement, they want to _______ the money supply and _______ the business
cycle.
11. If the Federal Reserve lowers the reserve requirement, they want to _______ the money supply and _______ the business
cycle.
12. If the Federal Reserve sells bonds/bills on the open market, they want to ______ the money supply and _______ the
business cycle.
13. If the Federal Reserve buys bonds/bills on the open market, they want to ______ the money supply and _______ the
business cycle.
14. What is fiscal policy?
15. Who controls fiscal policy?
16. What are the two tools of fiscal policy?
17. If the government raises the tax rate, they want to __________ the money supply and _______ the business cycle.
18. If the government lowers the tax rate, they want to __________ the money supply and _______ the business cycle.
19. If the government increases spending, they want to __________ the business cycle.
20. If the government lowers spending, they want to __________ the business cycle.
Unit 7 International Trade
1. What are some issues of globalization?
2. World Economic Organizations
Organization
Abbreviation
Organization
Description
NAFTA
WTO
EU
IMF
UN
World Bank
3. Globalization/Global Interdependence4. What happens when there are changes in the economy of one nation?
5. Trade What major products involve US government subsidies to stabilize prices and to keep the prices low? Corn,
peanuts, and soybeans
6. Export7. Import8. Comparative Advantage and specialization – fill in the blanks using the word bank below:
banking
biotechnology
high end custom made furniture
tourism
wheat
cigarettes
factory made (cheaper) furniture
fishing
hogs
research triangle park technology
sweet potatoes
textiles
a. Example of a product for which the US has a comparative advantage ____________________
b. Example of a product for which NC has a comparative advantage________________________
c. What is the role of NC in the global economy? _______________________________________
Which industries have been hurt by international trade? _____________________________________
and which industries have been helped?________________________________
d. What is the role of NC in the US economy? ________________________________________
9. Balance of Trade - What is a favorable balance of trade? Does the US currently have a favorable balance of trade?
Does NC?
10. Explain the Research Triangle Park.
11. How does a tariff affect consumers and producers?
12. How has downsizing affected NC consumers and producers?
13. Trade Barriers, restrictions on trade, protectionism - For which products does the US most frequently use tariffs,
quotas and subsidies?
a. Tariffb. Quotac. Sanctionsd. Embargo14. Arguments for Trade Barriers/protectionism
a.
Arguments for Free Trade:
a.
b.
b.
c.
c.
d.
d.
15. How have these organizations affected the US economy? (What is their role and/or function?)
a. Banks?___________________________________________
b. Labor unions ______________________________________
c. The Federal Reserve______________________________________
d. Nonprofit organizations (the Red Cross, hospitals, charities): volunteer work
e. cooperatives: people work in exchange for cheaper goods or services
f. Wall Street______________________________________
Unit 8 Personal Financial Literacy
1. Define gross and net pay.
2. Would you include the following in a personal budget?
Yes
Gross Pay
Net Pay
Fixed Expenses - loan payments)
Fixed Expenses - car insurance
Fixed Expenses – life insurance
Fixed Expenses – long term care insurance
Variable Expenses – phone bill
Variable Expenses – pet
Variable Expenses – personal expenses
Variable Expenses – food
No
Maybe
Yes
Variable Expenses – credit card payments
Savings Deposit
Variable Expenses – electricity
Variable Expenses – Entertainment
Variable Expenses – clothing
Fixed Expenses – rent/mortgage
Fixed Expenses – car payment
Variable Expenses – gas
Insurance – health, renters
r. How would a fiscally responsible individual manage a checking and a savings account?
No
Maybe
4. What is most important to become “credit worthy”?
5. How would a fiscally responsible individual plan to meet the financial goal of purchasing a car or home?
Financing more education to improve employment?
Retirement? 401K IRA investing in the stock market bonds
5. How do consumer protection laws and government regulations empower the individual consumer?
6. How can an individual protect themselves from fraudulent business practices?
PFL 2.1 - 2.3, 2.5
most effective
least
effective
other???
1. refuse to disclose personal information
2. give out Social Security #
3. join a Ponzi scheme
4. skip the fine print
5. read the terms and conditions
6. report investment/internet scams
7. use the Better Business Bureau
8. contact the Attorney General to report fraud
9. join a do not call list
10. research investment protection laws
11. use the state Secretary of State website to research a
business
7. What are 5 types of insurance/estate planning? Car, health, renters, life, liability, travel, disablitiy, long term care, and
natural sisaster
8,. What is the difference between resolving consumer conflict by contacting the state Attorney General, the Better
Business Bureau or the state Secretary of State?