Download Electricity

Contemporary Physical Science
Period 4/Berman
Chapter 20
*Match the works to the correct definition from the work bank (some
words can be used more than once):
*Electric Force *Static Electricity *Law of Conservation of Charge
*Electric Current *Electric charge *Induction *Ampere (A) *Direct current
*Alternating current * Electrical Conductor * Electrical Insulator* Resistance
*Ohm * Superconductor* Voltage* Potential Difference * Battery * Ohm’s Law
*Electric Fields * Electric Circuit * Open Circuit *Closed Circuit *Series Circuit
*Parallel Circuit * Electric Power * Circuit Breaker * Fuse *Grounding
1. _______________:the transfer of charge without contact between materials.
2. _________________:a property that causes subatomic particles such as
protons and electrons to attract or repel each other.
*An excess or shortage of electrons produces a net electric charge.
3. __________________: potential difference, the difference in electrical
potential energy between two places in an electric field.
*In order for charge to flow in a conducting wire, the wire must be connected
in a complete loop that includes a source of electrical energy.
4. __________________: The rate at which electrical energy is converted to
another form of energy.
*Electric power can be calculated by multiplying voltage by current.
5. ___________________: the study of the behavior of electric charges,
including how charge is transferred between objects.
*Charge can be transferred by friction, by contact, and by induction.
*Static discharge occurs when a pathway through which charges can move
forms suddenly.
6. ______________________: States that whenever there is a charge transfer,
the total charge is the same before and after the transfer occurs.
7. __________________: continuous path through which charge can flow.
*The SI unit of electric current is the _____________.
*The two types of current are _____________ and ________________.
8. __________________: the force of attraction or repulsion between
electrically charged objects.
*Like charges repel, and opposite charges attract
9. __________________: a current in which charge flows only in one direction.
*Example: Flashlight and most other battery-operated devices.
10. ___________________: a flow of electric charge that regularly reverses its
direction.
11.______________________: a material through which charge can flow easily.
12._____________________: a material through which charge cannot flow
easily.
*Metals such as copper and silver are good electrical conductors. Wood,
plastic, rubber, and air are good electrical insulators.
13.___________________: opposition to the flow of charges in a material. The
SI unit of resistance is the ___________.
*A material’s thickness, length, and temperature affect its resistance.
14.____________________: a circuit in which charge has only one path through
which it can flow.
*If one element stops functioning in a series circuit, none of the elements can
operate.
15.______________________: a material that has almost zero resistance when it
is cooled to low temperatures.
16.______________________: The difference in electrical potential energy
between two places in an electric field.
17.___________________: a device that converts chemical energy to electrical
energy.
18.______________________: when the switch is closed, the circuit is complete
and charge can flow.
19._____________________: The voltage (V) in a circuit equals the product of
the current (I) and the resistance (R).
20.__________________: when a switch is open, the circuit is not a complete
loop, and the current stops.
21._____________________: an electric circuit with two or more paths through
which charges can flow.
*If one element stops function in a parallel circuit, the rest of the elements still
can operate.
22._____________________: a switch that opens when current in a circuit is too
high
23.________________________: a complete path through which charge can
flow.
*Circuit diagrams use symbols to represent parts of a circuit, including a source of
electrical energy and devices that are run by the electrical energy.
24.__________________: a device that prevents current overload in a circuit.
*Correct wiring, fuses, circuit breakers, insulation, and grounded plugs help make
electrical energy safe to use.
25.___________________: The transfer of excess charge through a conductor to
Earth.
26.______________________: the effect an electric charge has on other charges
in the space around it. The strength of an electric field depends on the amount of
charge that produces the field and on the distance from the charge.