Survey
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Exam-style answers Question Answers B6 Preventing and treating disease Extra information Mark AO / Spec Ref 01.1 Flu is caused by a virus Antibiotics only kill bacteria 1 1 AO1 B3.1.2 01.2 Relieve/treat symptoms 1 AO1 B3.1.8 02.1 decrease rate of decrease slows 1 1 AO2 B3.1.8 WS3.5 02.2 any one from: more use of disinfectant more use of hand washing more careful/more often cleaning of patient facilities raised awareness/education about hygiene Explanation: stops/reduces the bacteria being transferred/spreading allow any reasonable increase in hygiene or sterilisation precautions 1 AO2 B3.1.8 WS3.6 800 - 500 100 = 800 correct answer with or without working gains 2 marks 02.3 37.5 (%) 02.4 any one from: numbers quite low now so hard to reduce further was a big campaign/much publicity (in 2009) so more people already doing it hygiene/cleaning now good so hard to improve hospitals short of money so less staff to clean 03.1 dead/inactive/weakened pathogen/bacterium/virus/ microorganism © Oxford University Press 2016 1 allow antigen/protein ignore ref. to other components ignore small amount ignore germs/disease www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements This resource sheet may have been changed from the original. 1 1 AO2 B3.1.8 WS3.2 WS3.3 MS1c MS4a 1 AO3 B3.1.8 WS1.4 WS1.5 WS3.5 1 1 AO1 B3.1.7 WS1.4 1 Exam-style answers Question Answers 03.2 white blood cells produce/release antibodies antibodies produced quickly (these) antibodies destroy the pathogen B6 Preventing and treating disease Extra information antigen/antibiotic instead of antibody = max 2 accept lymphocytes/ leucocytes/memory cells produce antibodies do not accept phagocytes allow kill do not accept antibodies engulf pathogens Mark AO / Spec Ref 1 AO1 B3.1.6 B3.1.4 WS1.4 1 1 03.3 (live) bacteria still in body would reproduce Ignore numbers Ignore mutation/growth 1 1 AO2 B3.1.8 B6.3.4 WS1.4 WS3.5 03.4 antibiotics/treatment ineffective or resistant pathogens survive these reproduce population of resistant pathogens increases accept resistant outcompete non-resistant 1 AO2 B3.1.7 B3.1.8 B6.3.7 WS1.4 04.1 04.2 any one from: cells tissues (live) animals/named any three from: (to test for) toxicity/check not poisonous/ not harmful interaction with other drugs efficacy or to see if they work or to check if they treat the disease dosage or how much is needed © Oxford University Press 2016 allow (resistant pathogens reproduce) rapidly 1 AO1 B3.1.9 WS1.4 3 AO1 B3.1.9 WS1.4 WS1.5 allow mammals allow side-effect allow converse allow converse www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements This resource sheet may have been changed from the original. 1 1 2 Exam-style answers Question 04.3 Answers any six from: statins can damage/muscles/ kidneys/organs but cholesterol blockers don’t statins can cause death but cholesterol blockers don’t cholesterol blockers can interfere with action of other drugs but statins don’t statins are for a life time but cholesterol blockers are not statins (might) reduce cholesterol to zero but cholesterol blockers only reduce it or statins reduce cholesterol more statins better for people with inherited high cholesterol cholesterol blockers better for people with dietary cholesterol problems taking/using statins/cholesterol blockers is better than dying from heart attack or build-up of fat in blood vessels or reduced blood flow © Oxford University Press 2016 B6 Preventing and treating disease Extra information comparison can be written anywhere in evaluation allow use of ‘only’ for implied comparison for each point, e.g., only statins damage muscles/kidneys/organs ignore liver 6 AO / Spec Ref AO3 B2.2.4 B3.1.9 WS1.4 WS1.5 if neither of the first, 2 points are given, accept for 1 mark statins are more dangerous than cholesterol blockers or statins have more side effects allow statins (might) stop membrane/hormone production but cholesterol blockers don’t www.oxfordsecondary.co.uk/acknowledgements This resource sheet may have been changed from the original. Mark 3