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Chemistry 130 Worksheet 3b Oregon State University Dr. Richard Nafshun Below (Figure 1) is the structure of cortisone, a synthetic steroid hormone that is rapidly converted to hydrocortisone in the body. Hydrocortisone affects the metabolism of carbohydrate, protein, and fat; the maturation of white blood cells; the retention of salt and water in the body; the activity of the nervous system; and the regulation of blood pressure. It acts a muscle lubricant, but when injected or applied topically, it reduces inflammation. Figure 2 represents the structure of cholesterol. Cholesterol is a complex alcohol constituent of all animal fats and oils. It can be activated to form vitamin D. Cholesterol is one of a group of compounds known as sterols and is related to such other sterols as the sex hormones (e.g., estrogen). Label all functional groups you can find (methyl groups, alcohols, ketones, etc.). How many cyclic alkenes are fused together in these molecules? How many cyclohexanes and cyclopentanes are in each molecule? Write the chemical formula for each molecule. Describe in which ways these molecules are different. Figure 1. Structure of Cortisone: Figure 2. Structure of Cholesterol: