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-Genetics Unit Test Study Guide Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. a. phenotype e. cross-pollination b. Punnett square f. probability c. homozygous g. genotype d. heterozygous ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. occurs when a plant pollinates a different kind of plant a plant with one dominant and one recessive gene formed from both inherited alleles the mathematical chance that something will happen an organism’s appearance a plant with either two dominant or two recessive genes used to organize possible offspring combinations Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 8. What is a plant that has two dominant genes or two recessive genes called? a. genotype c. organism b. homozygous d. heterozygous 9. This diagram is used to trace a trait through generations of a family. a. generation square c. meiosis b. pedigree d. selective breeding 10. When a plant fertilizes itself, it is called a(n) a. allele plant. c. true-breeding plant. b. cross-pollinating plant. d. self-pollinating plant. 11. How are sex cells different from other human cells? a. Sex cells have more chromosomes. b. Sex cells have half as many chromosomes. c. Sex cells are larger. d. Sex cells have no chromosomes. 12. What are homologous chromosomes? a. chromosomes that carry different sets of genes b. chromosomes that are large c. chromosomes that carry the same set of genes d. chromosomes that are small 13. Instructions for an inherited trait are called a. albinism. c. alleles. b. phenotype. d. genes. 14. A plant with two dominant OR two recessive alleles is said to be a. heterozygous. c. cross-pollinating. b. true breeding. d. homozygous. 15. What is a phenotype? a. the way an organism feels c. a group of 5 alleles b. a dominant gene d. the way an organism looks ____ 16. Why do sex-linked disorders occur more often in males? a. Males have two Y chromosomes. b. Males have two X chromosomes. c. Males have only one X chromosome. d. Males have two X and two Y chromosomes. ____ 17. What is heredity? a. plants that are cross-pollinated b. traits passing from offspring to parents c. traits passing from parents to offspring d. the ratio of dominant to recessive traits ____ 18. Offspring that are different from both parents are produced by a. sexual reproduction. c. something going wrong. b. mitosis. d. asexual reproduction. ____ 19. What is it called when cells are copied with half the number of chromosomes? a. a nucleus c. meiosis b. sex cells d. mitosis ____ 20. When there is incomplete dominance, a. the alleles have no influence. b. one allele has more influence than the others. c. there are no alleles present. d. each allele has its own degree of influence. ____ 21. The different forms of a gene that decide a characteristic are known as a. genes. c. alleles. b. albinism. d. phenotypes. Problem Use the figure below to answer the following questions. 22. In which box is Pp? 23. In which box is PP? 24. In which box is pp? Use the figure below to answer the following questions. 25. Look at the table. What is this table called? a. P-grid c. b. dominance chart d. heredity map Punnett square 26. Look at the table. What is the probability that the offspring will be pp? a. 25% c. 75% b. 50% d. 100% 27. Look at the diagram. If purple (P) is dominant, and white (p) is recessive, what color will one out of every four of the offspring be? a. purple c. purple with white edges b. white d. lavender (white and purple mix) Genetics Unit Test Answer Section MATCHING 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: E D G F A C B STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: S7L3.a S7L3.a S7L3 S7L3.a S7L3.a S7L3.a S7L3.a STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: STA: S7L3.a S7L3 S7L3.a S7L3.a S7L3.a S7L3.a S7L3.a S7L3 S7L3 S7L3.a S7L3 S7L3 S7L3 S7L3 MULTIPLE CHOICE 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: B B D B C D D D C C A C D C PROBLEM 22. ANS: B STA: S7L3 23. ANS: A STA: S7L3 24. ANS: C STA: S7L3.a 25. ANS: D STA: S7L3.a 26. ANS: A STA: S7L3.a 27. ANS: B STA: S7L3.a