Download Snakes and Ladders Q and A

What do
vaccines
contain?
What do
antibodies do
to the MO’s?
Why do we
have
vaccinations?
What
illnesses does
the MMR
vaccine
protect us
against?
What is an
antibiotic?
What can
happen to 1 in
100000 people
who catch
measles?
In the 1990’s
MMR was
linked to what
condition?
Explain why
antibodies are
specific to
certain
illnesses
Name 3
diseases that
you have been
vaccinated
against
What is a
superbug?
What can
antibiotics
destroy?
What is the
size range of
most
bacteria?
What is the
smallest
microbe
called?
What is the
marker called
on a MO?
Why does
there have to
be a new flu
vaccine
developed
each year?
State 2
benefits of
receiving the
flu vaccine
What happens
to an MO
when a
mutation
occurs?
Why are
people in
poorer
countries
more likely to
get ill?
Explain why
smallpox has
been wiped
out but flu
can’t be.
What is an
antibody?
List 4
lifestyle
factors that
increase the
risk of heart
disease
What does
correlation
mean?
Why is heart
disease more
common in the
UK than some
other
countries?
What are the
main 2 ways
to make a
health study
viable?
What happens
to heart
tissue if
starved of
oxygen?
What is a
typical UK
diet high in
levels of?
How do
arteries and
veins differ?
What r……
makes data in
studies more
reliable?
What 3
stages of
testing does
any drug have
to go
through?
What is the
correlation
between BMI
and heart
attacks?
What does a
double blind
trial mean?
Why do
arteries have
more muscle
and elastic
fibres?
What do
chemicals in
cigarette
smoke do to
cells in the
lungs?
What does
BMI mean?
What is the
difference
between
cause and
correlation?
Why is
smoking bad
for the
heart?
Is someone
who smokes
going to
develop lung
cancer?
Explain…..
What happens
in the
coronary
artery to
cause heart
attack?
What stops
backflow of
blood and
which blood
vessel are
they in?
What is a
placebo?
For 1 in
100000
people,
measles can
be fatal
Measles,
Mumps and
Rubella
Vaccinations
make us
immune to
diseases
without
catching it
Any from:
Polio, TB,
MMR,
Tetanus,
Diptheria,
meningitis C
Bacteria
range from
1-5 micro
metres
An antibody is
a chemical
made by
certain white
blood cells
An antibiotic
is a chemical
that kills
bacteria and
fungi
Marker on a
MO is called
an antigen
Smallest
microbe is a
virus
Smallpox has
a low mutation
rate but flu
has a high
mutation rate
Any from:
The MO’s
Poor hygiene,
DNA changes
over crowding,
weaker, less
access to
medicines
Antibodies
make the
MO’s stick
together
Vaccines
contain dead
or inactive
forms of the
disease
Certain
antibodies fit
with certain
antigens
MMR was
linked to
autism
Antibiotics
destroy
bacteria and
fungi not
viruses
Superbugs are
resistant to
all antibiotics
but one
Smaller risk
of developing
flu, saving to
NHS of
£1000’s
The flu
vaccine
reproduces
quickly and
has a high
mutation rate
Veins contain
less elastic
fibre and
muscle than
arteries and
vice versa
Damage
them and
cause cancer
A UK diet is The heart
typically high tissue will
in fat
die as
respiration
will stop
BMI stands
for Body
Mass Index
It becomes
blocked
A placebo
looks like the
treatment
but has no
drug in it
Valves stop
backflow of
blood in the
veins
There is a
high
correlation
but this
doesn’t mean
always
In less
developed
countries
the typical
diet is lower
in fat
Repeatability Large sample
size and
matching the
groups
Any: lack of
exercise,
smoking,
diet, stress,
high b.p. high
cholesterol
It means
that the
evidence
shows a link
Arteries
have to cope
with a much
higher
pressure of
blood
Smoking as
well as fat
can block the
coronary
artery
1. Human
cells
2. Animal
tests
3. Clinical
trials
The higher
the BMI the
higher the
risk of heart
attack
Both the
doctor and
the patient
do not know
if the drug is
being given
Correlation
is a link;
Cause means
it definitely
causes it