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US History II Red Book A World At War Chapter 22 Study Guide 1. The countries that fought the Allies in WWII were the Axis Powers. 2. To mobilize is to get ready for war. 3. A siege is a military blocking of a city to force its surrender. 4. A person who strongly believes in a cause is partisan. 5. An amphibious landing is a planned movement of troops from the sea. 6. Limiting the amount of something that each person can buy is called rationing. 7. A prisonlike place in which people are held during a war is called an internment camp. 8. The Holocaust was the mass murder of millions of Jews by the Nazis. 9. Genocide is the planned murder of an entire people. 10.The atomic bomb is a nuclear bomb with enormous power to harm. 11.The United States declared war on Japan because of the bombing of Pearl Harbor. 12.During WWII, Germany and Japan fought on the side of the Axis powers. 13.Many Japanese-Americans were forced to move to internment camps. 14.The plan the Allies decided on to fight the Axis powers was to attack North Africa first, the west coast of Europe second, and the Pacific area third. 15.The US mobilized for war by drafting more than ten million men. 16.The Americans and Filipinos on Bataan were treated brutally. They were forced to march without food or water to a prison camp. 17.The Allied leaders decided to attack North Africa first because that is where German forces were the weakest. 18.The Battle of Midway was the first major defeat for the Japanese. 19.More than 400 Navajos served in the US Marines as “code talkers” during WWII. 20.Island-hopping gave American troops an opportunity to take Japanese islands one at a time and use the islands as bases for further attacks. 21.The bombings of Tokyo in 1942 were important because the Japanese people were shocked that an enemy was attacking their homeland. 22.Americans helped on the home front in WWII by working in factories, doing volunteer work, purchasing war bonds, and planting victory gardens. 23.Under rationing, people were given coupons. This allowed them to purchase a certain amount of goods. 24.Americans could earn extra rationing stamps by turning in leftover grease from cooking. These fats were used to make explosives. 25.The war changed the lives of American women: they enjoyed a new sense of freedom and importance. Women filled factory jobs and served in the armed forces. 26.D-Day the Allied soldiers landed on the coast of Normandy in northern France. This was the start of the Allied invasion of Europe. 27.The Germans surrendered when Berlin was captured and German cities were destroyed. 28.Hitler started the Holocaust because he wanted to rid Germany of all the Jews and other people whom he considered to be “undesirable”. 29.The US dropped the atomic bomb on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. 30.President Truman made the decision to drop the atomic bomb on Japan. 31.African Americans and Latinos fought two battles, one against prejudice and the other against the Axis powers. 32.The dictator of Germany was Hitler. 33.The dictator of Italy was Mussolini. 34.The Axis powers were Germany, Italy, Japan, Hungary, Finland, Bulgaria, and Romania. 35.The Allies were England, France, Italy, and the US. 36.Winston Churchill, a British leader, tried to warn Europe of the danger Hitler presented. 37.In 1942, Japanese Americans were forced into Internment Camps. The US government was afraid they were spies. 38.President Franklin D. Roosevelt was in office for 4 terms. He was president during WWII. 39.When Hitler invaded Poland, England and France declared war on Germany. 40.V-E Day stands for Victory in Europe.