Download Metabolism, Energy and Enzymes Team – Game – Tournament

Metabolism, Energy and Enzymes Team – Game – Tournament Questions
The energy of motion is called …?
The energy stored in an object is called …?
What does the first law of thermodynamics state?
What does the second law of thermodynamics state?
In every energy transformation, what is always released as a byproduct?
The measure of disorder or randomness in a system is called ..?
All living systems have a tendency towards increasing ___________ unless
energy is added to the system.
8. Reactions that release energy are named ______________ reactions.
9. Reactions that absorb energy are called _______________ reactions.
10. The substances that you begin with in a chemical reaction are called …?
11. The substances that you end with in a chemical reaction are called …?
12. If the products have more useful energy than the reactants, then the reaction is
described as being endergonic or exergonic?
13. If the products have less useful energy than the reactants, then the reaction is
described as being endergonic or exergonic?
14. Is Gibb’s Free Energy positive or negative in exergonic reactions?
15. Is Gibb’s Free Energy positive or negative in endergonic reactions?
16. The initial input of energy required to start all chemical reactions is called …?
17. The sum of all chemical reactions in a living system is called…?
18. The reactions that take monomers and build polymers are called ….?
19. The reactions that take polymers and break them down into monomers are called
…?
20. A molecule that speeds up the rate of a chemical reaction by lowering the required
amount of activation energy is called a …?
21. In a biological system, a catalyst is called an …?
22. What biological molecule are enzymes?
23. Name the site on the enzyme molecule to which reactant molecules bind?
24. Name the site on the enzyme to which molecules bind in order to change the
shape of the enzyme?
25. Describe the effect of increasing substrate concentration on the rate of an
enzymatic reaction?
26. Describe the effect of increasing enzyme concentration on the rate of an
enzymatic reaction?
27. Describe the effect of increasing temperature on the rate of an enzymatic
reaction?
28. Describe the effect of pH on the rate of an enzymatic reaction?
29. How does a competitive inhibitor molecule reduce the rate of the enzymatic
reaction?
30. How does an allosteric inhibitor molecule reduce the rate of the enzymatic
reaction?
31. Name the energy carrier molecule of living organisms?
32. Describe what happens when ATP  ADP + Pi .
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
33. What type of reaction must be coupled to the following reaction: ATP  ADP +
Pi
34. What type of reaction must be coupled to the following reaction: ADP + Pi 
ATP
35. What type of biological molecule is ATP?
36. The unique three dimensional structure of an enzyme is due to its
_______________ level of organization.
37. Describe three factors that affect the tertiary structure of an enzyme.
38. Why are product molecules released from the enzyme’s active site?
39. What are the non-protein, organic molecules that assist enzymes in catalyzing a
biochemical reaction?
40. What are the metal, non-organic molecules that assist enzymes in catalyzing a
biochemical reaction?
41. State one of the three ways by which cells can regulate metabolic pathways.
42. The cyanide ion has the same three dimensional shape as the oxygen molecule.
Cytochrome oxidase is an enzyme for which oxygen is the substrate. What effect
would cyanide ions have on the enzyme activity?
43. If a metabolic pathway is producing too much product, this excess product will
often feedback to an earlier step in the metabolic pathway in order to turn off the
metabolic pathway. Name this process.
44. If an exergonic reaction provides the energy for an endergonic reaction, then we
say that the reactions are …?
45. Is photosynthesis an example of an endergonic or exergonic reaction?
46. Is cellular respiration an example of an endergonic or exergonic reaction?
47. What has more entropy: glucose as a reactant of cellular respiration or carbon
dioxide as a product of cellular respiration?
48. Are enzymes always consumed, sometimes consumed or never consumed in a
biochemical reaction?
49. Monomer + Monomer  ____________ + Water
50. Where is the energy stored in a molecule?
Metabolism, Energy and Enzymes Team – Game – Tournament Answers
1.
2.
3.
4.
kinetic energy
potential energy
energy is not created nor destroyed, only transformed
in every energy transformation, useless “waste” energy is released, increasing the
“disorder” or entropy of the system
5. waste energy, typically heat
6. entropy
7. entropy
8. exergonic
9. endergonic
10. reactants or substrates
11. products
12. endergonic
13. exergonic
14. negative
15. positive
16. activation energy
17. metabolism
18. anabolism
19. catabolism
20. catalyst
21. enzyme
22. proteins
23. active site
24. allosteric site
25. as substrate concentration increases, reaction rate increases until a plateau is
reached (due to lack of enzymes)
26. as enzyme concentration increases, reaction rate increases until a plateau is
reached (due to lack of substrate)
27. as temperature increases, reaction rate increases to a maximum/ optimum
temperature, after which the enzyme is denatured and reaction rate decreases
28. enzymes have an optimum ph, and above or below this pH the enzyme is
denatured and the reaction rate decreases
29. competitive inhibitor molecules compete with the substrate molecules for the
active site of the enzyme, thereby reducing reaction rate
30. allosteric inhibitors bind to the allosteric site of the enzyme, causing a change in
the three dimensional shape of the enzyme, distorting the active site, preventing
binding of the substrate to the active site, lowering the rate of the reaction
31. ATP
32. energy is released when a high energy phosphate bond is broken
33. endergonic reaction
34. exergonic reaction
35. nucleic acid
36. tertiary
37. size of the R group; hydrophobic or hydrophilic nature of R group; disulfide
bridges between R groups of amino acids
38. the shape of the product molecule is different from the shape of the reactant
molecule, and therefore the product does not fit the active site and is released by
the enzyme
39. coenzymes
40. cofactors
41. enzymes; coupled reactions; ATP energy carrier molecule
42. competitive inhibitor , therefore would lower reaction rate
43. negative feedback or allosteric inhibition
44. coupled
45. endergonic
46. exergonic
47. carbon dioxide as a product has more entropy
48. never consumed
49. polymer
50. in the bonds between atoms