Download Test paper 3 I. Read each of the following statements carefully

Test paper 3
I. Read each of the following statements carefully. Decide which one of the four
choices best completes the statement and put the corresponding letter A， B， C or D
in the brackets. （1.5%×20=30%）
1) The study of language at one point of time is a _______ study.
A.synchronic
B.historic .
C.diachronic
D. descriptive
2）Synonyms are classified into several kinds. The kind to which “fall” and “autumn”
belong is called _____ synonyms.
A. stylistic
B. dialectal
C. emotive
D. collocational
3) The sentence “John likes ice-cream” contains ________ arguments.
A. one
B. two
C. none
D. three
4) Semantics can be defined as the study of ________.
A. naming
B. meaning
C. communication
D. context
5) Once the notion of ________ was taken into consideration， semantics spilled
into pragmatics.
A. meaning
B. context
C. form
D. content
6) Of the three speech acts， linguists are most interested in the _______.
A. locutionary act
B. perlocutionary act
C. illocutionary act
D. none of the above
7) Most of the violations of the maxims of the Cooperative Principle give rise to
_____.
A. utterance meaning
B. speech act theory
C. conversational implicatures
D. none of the above
8) The significance of Grice’s CP lies in that it explains how it is possible for the
speaker to convey ______ is literally said.
A. more than
B. less than
C. the same as
D. none of the above
9) The goal of ______ is to explore the nature of language variation and language
use among a variety of speech communities and different social situations.
A. psycholinguistics
B. sociolinguistics
C. historical linguistics
D. general linguistics
10) Black English has a number of distinctive features in its phonological，
morphological and syntactic systems which are _______.
A. rule-governed
B. systematic
C. arbitrary
D. both A and B
11）As modern linguistics aims to describe and analyze the language people actually
use， and not to lay down rules for "correct" linguistic behavior， it is said to be ___.
A. prescriptive
B. sociolinguistic
C. descriptive
D. psycholinguistic
12)
Language is a system of arbitrary _________ symbols used for human
communication.
A. cultural
B. conventional
C. decoded
D. vocal
13) A word with several meanings is called _________.
A. an abnormal word
B. a polysemous word
C. a synonymous word
D. none of the above
14) There are different types of affixes or morphemes. The affix “ed” in the word
“learned” is known as a（n） __________.
A. derivational morpheme
B. free morpheme
C. inflectional morpheme
D. free form
15) The syntactic rules of any language are ________ in number.
A. large
B. small
C. finite
D. infinite
16) “I bought some roses” __________ “I bought some flowers”.
A. entails
B. presupposes
C. is inconsistent with
D. is synonymous with
17）The phrase “boys and girls” belongs to the ____________ construction.
A. predicate
B. endocentric
C. subordinate
D. exocentric
18) Can I borrow your bike？" ___ "You have a bike."
A. is synonymous with
B. is inconsistent with
C. entails
D. presupposes
19） Of all the speech organs， the ___ is/are the most flexible.
A. mouth
B. lips
C. tongue
D. vocal cords
20）Chomsky uses the term _______ to refer to the actual realization of a language
user’s knowledge of the rules of his language in linguistic communication.
A. langue
B. competence
C. parole
D. performance
II. Decide whether each of the following statements is true or false：（1%×15=15%）
1) Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication.
2) The writing system of a language is always a later invention used to record speech；
thus there are still many languages in today’s world that can only be spoken， but not
written.
3) The open-class words include prepositions.
4) In classifying the English consonants and vowels， the same criteria can be
applied.
5) According to semantic triangle， there is no direct link between a symbol and
referent， i.e. between a word and a thing it refers to.
6)Syntactic categories refer to sentences （S） and clauses （C） only.
7)By synchrony we mean to study language change and development.
8)The IC analysis is not able to analyze split verbs like “do sb. in”.
9)The relationship of “flower”， “violet”， “rose” and “tulip” is hyponymy.
10)A syllable without a coda is a closed syllable.
11) Parole refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a
speech community.
12) Phonology is a branch of linguistics which studied the sentences patterns of a
language.
13) Human capacity for language has a genetic basis， i.e. we are all born with the
ability to acquire language and the details of a language system are genetically
transmitted.
14) Only words of the same parts of speech can be combined to form compounds.
15) Sentences are strings of words put together in a random order.
III. Fill in the blank in each of the following statements with one word， the first letter
of which is already given as a clue. Note that you are to fill in ONE word only， and
you are not allowed to change the letter given.（2%×10=20%）
1)The modern linguistics is d____________ ，not prescriptive， and its
investigations are based on authentic and mainly spoken language data.
2)M___________ is the smallest meaningful unit of language.
3)Langue refers to the language system shared by a community of speaker while
p________ contrastd with langue is the concrete act of speaking in actual situations
by an individual speaker..
4)The transformational component has transformational rules， which change the
deep structures generated by the phrase structure component into s________
structure.
5)In semantic triangle， the relation between a word and a thing it refers to is not
direct， and it is mediated by c___________..
6)H. Sweet made a distinction between narrow and b____________
transcription.
7)In the cooperative principle， Grice introduced four categories of
maxims.They are maxim of quality， maxim of quatity， maxim of r__________ and
maxim of manner.
8)The strong version of Sapir-Whorf hopothesis is that language d___________s
our thinking pattern.
9)There are two major approaches to error analysis： c____________ and
non-contrastive analysis.
10)P_________ is the study of language in use.
VI. The following two are ambiguous in their meanings. Give your
understanding of the different meanings of each expression.（5%×2=10%）
1)Smoking cigar is very harmful.
2)The boy saw the man with the telescope.
V. Answer the following questions in English.
（5%×5=25%）
1)What are the four maxims under the cooperative principle？
2)What are the design features of language？
3)What are the differences between modern linguistics and traditional
grammar？
4)Why do we say that a meaning of a sentence is not the sum total of the
meanings of all its components？
5)What do you know about linguistics.