Download Explain the significance of the Fall of France - Walshe

Explain the significance of the Fall of France
_____________________OCTOBER 1939 TO APRIL 1940
 Poland invaded by Russia and Germany – surrenders October 1939
 After Poland is defeated, ________________________________
 Germany hopes France and GB will make peace.
 French defensive (______________________).
 ________________________in November to recapture territory lost at Versailles…
“The Winter War”
 Germany invades____________________.
FALL OF FRANCE JUNE 1940
 Holland (May 15) and Belgium (May 28) defeated – Rotterdam bombed with high
civilian casualties.
 German Luftwaffe destroys much of_________________________. Blitzkrieg =
‘Lightning War’
 German army divides and isolates Maginot troops and BEF/French troops on coast
by driving through hole in________________________.
 BEF/French saved at Dunkirk by a pause in German advance (Operation
Dynamo –________________________)
 France surrenders June 22
 Northern France now occupied by Germans; the south governed by puppet
government (__________________________________); General De Gaulle
escapes to Britain.
 French fleet not forced to surrender – keep from British.
 _________________________in north Africa that refuses to surrender to British
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France loses because____________________________– rely on Maginot and did
not have strong air force.
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German army avoids an immediate two front war.
Why are there so many trees on Les Champs Elysees?
Explain the significance of North Africa
NORTH AFRICA AND THE BALKANS
 Italians attack GB in Africa - threaten _________________________
 Initially successful but GB almost completely defeats Italian forces.
 1941 Germany sends _______________________________to assist Italians – drive
GB back to El Alamein by June 1942.
 Oct - Nov 1942 GB defeats Germans at_________________________– first
significant Allied victory.
 _____________________________– Anglo-American forces land in French North
Africa.
 Admiral Darlan________________________________.
 Vichy France occupied in retaliation for surrender.
 1943 –_____________________________– prepare to attack Italy.
 _____________________________1943 – Roosevelt and Churchill agree to
concentrate on defeating Germany first – attack through Italy.
 _______________________, 9 July 1943 as a launching pad towards Italy
Explain the Significance of the Battle of Britain
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July 16, 1940 - Hitler orders invasion of GB - ________________________
__________________________– English Channel too narrow for navy.
Luftwaffe larger than RAF but even in numbers of fighters.
British had two significant advantages
 __________– new invention; warning saves fuel and provides advance warning of
coming attacks.
 British inferiority in bombers not important for defense.
 German ____________________________and Britain orders retaliatory strike
against Berlin. … Terror Bombing
 ______________of London provides relief to RAF
 Operation Sea Lion abandoned…Britain wins by surviving;
the war would be a long one … on two fronts and against the US.
**The Battle of Britain exists so that Hitler can__________________________,
the amphibious assault on Great Britain.
STAGES OF THE BATTLE OF BRITAIN
STAGE 1
_______________________, radar, and aircraft
factories.
 Strategy was to disable____________________________– RAF suffers significant
loses particularly bases and pilots.
STAGE 2
______________________________
 German bombers stray off course and bomb London  RAF bombs Berlin in
retaliation  Luftwaffe concentrates on__________________________.
 Strategy shift allows the RAF to recover; little gained by Germans.
 __________________________during the Blitzes
STAGE 3
RAF Recovers
 Luftwaffe begin to lose planes at a rate that they are unable to launch an
attack;____________________________________________.
WHY DID THE GERMANS LOSE?
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change in strategy to bomb cities_______________________.
fighting far from their bases enabled short time in the air over Britain
the British____________________________________________.
Explain the significance of Operation Barbarossa.
 June 1941 – Hitler orders the _________________________
 Western front is secure – GB in no position to attack.
 ___________________________– Caucaus oil fields.
 Red Army still weak from purges.
 __________________________________.
 June – Dec 1941 Wehrmacht drives deep into Russia – outside of Leningrad, Moscow,
and Stalingrad.
 Red Army caught by surprise –_________________________.
 Blitzkrieg tactics initially successful – encircles and captures large portion of Red
Army (3,000,000 prisoners)
 Dec 1941 ___________________________________at Moscow.
 Blitzkrieg relied on quick victories – not effective over a large area.
 Unprepared – __________________________________________
 ____________________, long supply lines, Russia moved factories east.
BATTLE OF STALINGRAD
 1942 Germans attack trying to reach Caucaus oil – beaten back.
 Out-numbered and poorly supplied – _________________________________
 Hitler will not allow armies to retreat.
 Germany relied on quick victory –______________________________.
 _________________________– Germany on the defensive (except for Kursk)
 1943 Germans launch one more______________________________– largest tank battle;
Germans lose.
 Russian tank (T.34) superior to Panzer; Germans out-numbered
 _______________________– Polish army fights Germans in Warsaw expecting Russian
assistance – Russians allow Poles to be defeated.
 Russians do not want a ____________________________________
 __________________________in retaliation.
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Stalin continually ______________________________________in the west to take
pressure of Russians – Churchill delays.
___________________________ (civilians and soldiers) die during WWII.
At end of WW2, Russia’s standing army at 6.5 million.
BATTLE OF THE ATLANTIC
 Once again _________________________________to GB’s survival.
 1941 Allied shipping loss  – French ports increase U-Boat range.
 After US declares war –_____________________________________.
 1942 – Germans use wireless to coordinate attacks – wolf packs.
 1943 U-Boats eventually neutralized.
 Longer range aircraft patrol coasts and___________________________________–
force u-boats underwater.
 Convoys accompanied by aircraft carriers.
 _________________________.
 Ultra and enigma – break code.