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Name_________________________ Date_________________________ Quiz 5: DNA and Protein Synthesis Learning Target: I STUDY GUIDE can illustrate the process by which DNA sequences are copied to produce proteins. Complete the following study guide to help you prepare for Quiz 5. Remember that the quiz is open-note, but you will have limited time to complete it. By completing this study guide, you can ensure that you have all of the needed information in one, easy-to-find place. Definition: Define the following terms. 1. Amino Acid _________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 2. Protein______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 3. Nucleotide __________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 4. Nucleic Acid _______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 5. DNA _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 6. RNA _______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 7. Ribosome____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 8. Transcription________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 9. Translation__________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 10. Codon______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 11. Nucleus____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 12. Gene_______________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 13. Helicase____________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 14. RNA Polymerase_____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 15. DNA Polymerase_____________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________ 16. What is the mRNA strand that would be copied from this DNA strand? G G C T A T A T C C T G C G C T A T A C G C T A 17. The m in mRNA stands for . 18. What is the function of mRNA? 19. Draw a picture of the monomer of RNA (what RNA is made of), which is called a 20. In your picture label the following parts – ribose sugar, base, and phosphate group. 21. What are three differences between RNA and DNA? 22. What are the three types of RNA? 23. If the following strand is a tRNA, what is the sequence of the DNA strand it copied itself from? U U A G C G C G G G A U U A A G C U C G A A U A 24. What is the function of tRNA? 25. Proteins are made up of _______________________________, which our bodies either make or come from our food. 26. What does rRNA do? 27. Name the two places in the cell where you can find RNA. 28. Name the place in the cell where you can find DNA. 29. Draw an mRNA strand that would complement the DNA strand CCAAT. 30. In your picture above, circle an RNA nucleotide. DIRECTIONS: Transcribe and Translate the following DNA sequence using the code wheel below, then answer the following questions. DNA: TAC CGC TAC CTT CAT TCA CCA TGA ATC 31. mRNA: 32. Protein(s): 33. How many nucleotides are there in your mRNA molecule? ____ 34. How many amino acids are produced? _____ 35. How many proteins are produced? _____ 36. Write the last codon. _____ 37. Write the first mRNA nucleotide. _____ mRNA Code Wheel Input - mRNA Codons (NOT DNA) : Output - Amino Acids Start in the middle and work your way out Example: The amino acid for the GAU codon is Aspartic Acid and the amino acid for the UCA codon is Serine.