Download ANPS 019 Beneyto-Santonja 10-19

ANPS 019 Beneyto-Santonja 10/19/12
Joints, Muscles and Movement II
Muscles of Mastication
 Temporalis m. – elevation (bite)
 Masseter m. – elevation (bite)
Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
 Lat. Pterygoid m. –protraction, grinding
 Med. Pterygoid m. – elevation, grinding
Neck Muscles
 Rectus capitis major & minor m.
 Superior & inferior oblique m.
 Suboccipital m.; Head extension, rotation
 Longus capitis m.
 Rectus capitis anterior & lateralis m.
 Ant. Vertebral m. Head flexion, tilt
 Trapezius
 Sternocleidomastoid
o Sternal head
o Clavicular head
 Bilateral- head flexion
 Unilateral- rotation and tilt to opposite side
Back and Shoulder Muscles (overview)
 Trapezius m.
 Deltoid m.
 Latissimus dorsi m.
 Supraspinatus m.
 Infraspinatus m.
 Teres minor & major m.
 Serratus posterior, superior & inferior m.  assist respiration
 Erector spinae m.
o Spinalis m.
o Longissimus m.
o Lliocostalis m
 Bilateral – back extension (postural)
 Unilateral – lateral bending to same side
Thoracic and Shoulder Muscles (overview)
 Trapezius m.
 Deltoid m.
 Pectoralis major m.
 Serratus anterior m.
 Pectoralis minor m.
Shoulder Muscles (actions)
 Trapezius m. – elevates, depresses, rotates scapula upward
 Latissimus dorsi m. – adducts, medially rotates and extends arm at shoulder joint
 Deltoid m. – major abductor of arm at shoulder joint
 Pectoralis major m. – adducts, medially rotates & flexes arm at shoulder joint
 Pectoralis minor m. – depresses shoulder
 Serratus anterior m. – protracts scapula
Deep Shoulder Muscles (Actions)
 Supraspinatus m. (superior scapular fossa) – abducts arm at shoulder point
 Infraspinatus m. (inferior scapular fossa) – later rotation of arm at shoulder joint
 Teres minor m. - lateral rotation of arm at shoulder
 Teres major m. – medial rotation of arm at should (not part of rotator cuff)
 Subscapularis m. – medial rotation at shoulder joint
 Rhomboid muscles – retracts scapula
 Serratus anterior muscle – protracts scapula (lower fibers can also rotate should upwards)
Arm Muscles
 Brachialis m. – flexes forearm at elbow joint (deep to biceps)
 Biceps brachii m. – flexes and supinates forearm at elbow joint
Forearm Flexor Muscle Groups
 Superficial later (wrist action):
o Pronator teres m.
o Flexor carpi radialis m.
o Palmaris longus m.
o Flexor carpi ulnaris m.
 Deeper layers (finger motion)
o Flexor digitorum superficialis m.
o Flexor digitorum profundus m.
o Pronator quadratus m.
o Flexor pollicis longus m. and more ….
Hand Muscle Groups
 Hypothenar muscle group:
o Abductor digiti minimi m.
o Flexor digiti minimi m
o Opponens digiti minimi m.
 Thenar muscle group:
o Abductor pollicis brevis m.
o Flexor pollicis brevis m.
o Opponens pollicis m.
Arm/Forearm Muscle Extensor Groups
 Extensor group of forearm – extends wrist and fingers
o Extensor carpi radialis longus & brevis m.
o Extensor pollicis longus & brevis m.
o Extensor digitorum m.
o Extensor carpi ulnaris m. and more
o Triceps m – extends forearm at elbow joint
Barchial plexus – terminal nerves
 Musculocutaneous n. – arm flexors
 Median n. – forearm flexors and thenar m.
 Ulnar n. – some forearm flexors and most hand m.
 Radial n. – extensor m. in arm and forearm
Blood Supply to Upper Limb
 Aortic arch
 Subclavian artery
 Axillary artery
 Brachial artery


Radial and Ulnar arteries
Superficial and deep palmer arches