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Evolution Flip Folder 1. Influences on Darwin a. Lyell b. Wallace c. Lamarck d. Cuvier e. Hutton 2. Darwin’s observations on his voyage a. South America b. Galapagos Islands 3. Artificial Selection 4. Observations and Inferences from which the Theory of Natural Selection comes a. Observations b. Inferences c. Difference between evolution and natural selection 5. Evidence of Natural Selection a. Direct Observations b. Fossil Record c. Homology d. Biogeography 6. Convergent Evolution 7. Genetic Variation (how do the following maintain diversity?) a. Average heterozygosity b. Mutation c. Sexual reproduction 8. Hardy Weinberg (equations) a. What does it measure? b. Equations with explanations 9. Hardy Weinberg (conditions) a. Hardy Weinberg Equilibrium b. 5 conditions 10. Change to gene pools (natural selection, genetic drift, and gene flow) a. Founder Effect b. Bottleneck Effect c. Effects of Genetic Drift 11. Types of Selection a. Relative fitness b. Direction selection c. Disruptive selection d. Stabilizing selection 12. Heterozygote Advantage and Frequency-dependent selection 13. Macroevolution vs. Microevolution a. Macro b. Micro c. Reproductive isolation 14. Prezygotic Barriers a. List and explain 15. Postzygotic Barriers a. List and explain 16. Allopatric vs. Sympatric Speciation a. Polyploidy b. Sexual selection 17. Punctuated Equilibrium vs. gradual change 18. Early Conditions of Earth 19. Major Events in Earth’s History a. Oxygen b. Eukaryotes-Endosymbiosis c. Cambrian Explosion d. Colonization of land 20. The “big five” Mass Extinction Events a. What do they mark in the geologic time scale? b. Adaptive radiations after each 21. Major Taxons (DKPCOFGS) 22. Phylogenetic Trees and Cladograms a. Molecular b. Morphological