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Download KEY TERMS Teotihuacan chinampas Maya Toltecs Aztecs
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Name ________________________________________ Chapter 12 Reading Guide Peoples and Civilizations of the Americas, 200-1500 C.E. KEY TERMS Teotihuacan chinampas Maya Toltecs Aztecs Tenochtitlan tribute system Anasazi chiefdom khipu ayllu mit’a Moche Chimú Tiwanaku Wari Inca acllas CLASSIC-ERA CULTURE AND SOCIETY IN MESOAMERICA Where is Mesoamerica? How were classic-period civilizations similar to previous Mesoamerican civilizations? What was the most important change in the classic era that allowed for the impressive architecture and great cities of the era? Describe some religious practices of the people of Teotihuacan. What led to rapid growth of the urban population of Teotihuacan? What group held the central position in the society of Teotihuacan? What does this tell us about this civilization? What makes the government of Teotihuacan unusual? What suggests that Teotihuacan enjoyed relative peace during its early development? Archeological evidence reveals what that might conflict with the idea of peace in the area? What are two possible causes for the decline of Teotihuacan? In what way is Mayan civilization similar to classical Greek civilization? What were the three layers of the Maya cosmos? How did Maya cities physically represent these layers? Explain the religious role of Maya kings. What happened to those captured by the Maya in battle? List astronomical achievements of the Maya. List three possible causes for the decline of the Maya. THE POSTCLASSIC PERIOD IN MESOAMERICA List the importance differences between the classic and postclassic periods in Mesoamerica. What was the most important Toltec innovation? Who ruled the Toltec state? What did the Aztecs do as their strength grew? How were Aztec rulers chosen? How did Aztec kings and aristocrats legitimize their rule? Describe Aztec trade. What did Huitzilopochtli need? Why? How did the Aztecs provide this? NORTHERN PEOPLES Describe elements of the following cultures: Anasazi Adena Hopewell Mississippian ANDEAN CIVILIZATION On what did Inca prosperity and military strength depend? What was the role of mit’a laborers in Inca society? What did the Inca royal family claim? How did each new ruler begin his reign? What crisis did the Inca face in 1525? What event occurred just after this crisis while the empire was weakened? CONCLUSION What influenced cultural development in Mesoamerica, North America, and the Andean region?
